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February 29, 2008

John Lennon's Success - Sarah Osborne

The John Lennon documentary was very eye-opening because I’ve heard those songs so many times – “Revolution� and “Imagine� – and never really considered the impact Lennon’s songs and actions had on America at that time.

Like we saw in the week 3 lecture and Sahara, during WWII any public forum was edited by the OWI to make sure it was in support of our country and the war. Then came the Vietnam War, and a different attitude took over. There was no attack on our country, and many people were confused and upset that we had troops in Vietnam. All of a sudden people like Lennon, Hoffman, and Rubin weren’t afraid to expose the injustice that was occurring. As Perone discusses in “Music and Radical Politics,� Lennon even goes as far as to compare what was going on in the US to Germany around WWII. His message in the radical political Sometime in New York City album says, “Don’t think they didn’t know about Hitler,� which was in reference to how the German officials kept the deaths of millions of Jews a secret from the citizens so people would support Hitler.

I don’t believe Lennon’s efforts were at all in vein. He was one of the most popular people in the world and wasn’t even an American citizen – he was just so passionate on creating a peaceful, just world. In one scene of the documentary he said something along the lines of, “this is not me, this is just an image.� People might have thought he was crazy, but I think he just knew that was the easiest way to get to people. Although his efforts weren’t considered successful after Nixon was re-elected in 1972, I believe there was a lot gained through his form of protesting. Lennon gave young people a voice. There were many teens and young people who became very politically active during this time. Also, I don’t believe Lennon’s only goal was to prevent the re-election of Nixon. His efforts to get John Sinclair out of prison through the concert worked. I think all of his other protests, songs, and speeches were just too vague to get anything accomplished. “All we are saying is give peace a chance,� was the song that he chanted. He didn’t give specific goals, or work to get anything changed, he just wanted people to be aware of what was going on. Lennon wanted Americans to know that they had a right to speak up and protest for what they believed in, and he undoubtedly succeeded at doing this.

Jackie Robak

Ben Arnold talks about the history of music and war, and how for every war there was songs wrote or played during it. I think that music is an important tool in war times. Lennon was very influential when if came to the music regarding Vietnam. I truly think that he did save lives with how he approached the revolution. All you have to do is look at the gathering and the concerts that were set up by him. Thousand upon thousands of people gathered and sang for peace. I think the fact that he was a Beatle helped him a lot. Young people listen to famous people. Because he already had star power he could get the message out better than anyone else.
This obviously scared the government. They were trying to fight a war that Lennon was protesting. Both sides knew it was a mistake to be there; it’s just like Iraq. If you ask the majority of the population why were there they wouldn’t know how to respond, not because of their incompetence on the subject matter but because we should not have gone over there. And the government does not admit to their mistakes, so instead of getting us out of Vietnam they would get rid of Lennon, the person fueling the mass protests.
In my opinion the government will always be corrupted in some way, and because they run the show, their going to get away with it. Like spying on people and putting them in jail for being a traitor to the U.S. for not supporting the war. I think it’s our responsibility as citizens to speak up when something is not right. We should not be punished for speaking out against the government in a country who was based on the ideal of freedom of speech. If this were going on today I would probably be in jail right now. Every chance I get to bash the Bush administration I do. I don’t think the “leave the country or shut up� is a good theory. It’s not fair to kick us out just because the administration is doing a shity job.
In the documentary Sicko by Michael Moore, they were in France talking about health care, and when he interviewed some of the citizens they told him that the government is sacred of the people. If things aren’t going the way they want it, protests and riots are thrown. In the U.S. the people are scared of the government. Our government is supposed to be for the people, and by the people. It was very obvious that the people were for John Lennon, yet our government tried to kick him out of the country because he was promoting peace.
It really says something about who’s running the country when they are against PEACE!

February 28, 2008

Lennon - Eric Nelson

I do believe that music can save lives in certain ways. Music can offer someone a hobby, an escape from life and the stress it causes, a form of release from anger and sadness, or a message. All of these things can save a life in one way or another.

I don’t believe Lennon’s attempts to change things was a complete failure. Sure, Nixon was re-elected, but he is remembered as a crooked politician, while Lennon is remembered as a hero of peace. Besides he had a huge impact on millions of American youth, who protested the war, and gave a new perspective to the world on how they could have peace if they really wanted it.

The government felt threatened because they new the impact music and a voice in general could have on the population. Music hits people on a whole new level of realization and delivers a message that will be heard by people whether by listening to it or by people talking about it. The government took extreme measures to put a stop to the message Lennon was preaching, but it was unwarranted because it broke the ideals that this country was built on.

Being disloyal and disagreeing with a point of view are two very different things. You can disagree and be heard without being a traitor. A traitor is someone who gives help to your enemies in the form of information or supplies neither of which Lennon did. The enemy was the communists, not the American people who disagreed with the Nixon administration.

America is supposed to be a country where you as a citizen are allowed to speak your mind. America was founded on the belief that you can think for yourself and you will not be silenced by the government. To tell people to leave if they don’t agree with the government is the least American anyone could do.

John Lennon's impact on America by Katie Kunik

To say that music of the 1960s and 70s was just a niche for disaffected youth is a lie. If it were not, the US government would not have been so concerned with terminating John Lennon’s visa so they could deport him from the country after he started a large peace movement against the Vietnam War. The song “Imagine� by John Lennon promotes equality and ideas of communism, like in the line “Imagine there’s no heaven, and no religion too.� This came about during the cold war with the USSR, which would have threatened the US government because Lennon had so much power over the thoughts of the American people. Some artists had too much of a radical leftist view, such as MC5. In the Perone article, “Music and Radical Politics�, it mentions punk bands having a “kill for peace� attitude and wanting a “complete revolutionary overthrow of the US government� (100). Their music was loud and violent making it very different from the sounds of bands like The Beatles. The article also mentions that artists like MC5 hardly sold any records compared to the sales of The Beatles. This goes to show that musicians with enough fame could have the American public follow them on any political movement, as long as it was somewhat rational. Proof that Lennon’s views were rational can be described by the Beatles’ song “Revolution�, written by Lennon. He claims that revolution does not have to be brought about by violence, and that change can be brought about peacefully. I have a friend whose dad said the only time he has ever cried was when John Lennon was killed. These kinds of actions speak louder than any arguments saying that music has a large effect on creating peace.

John Lennon-Sukhpal Dhillon

It’s quite amazing the transformation that the Beatles themselves took through the ages and then see them after they broke up. Back in the early 60’s they were a mop-top group who only as John Lennon later stated sang about superficial things such as girls and puppy love. According to the video that we had watched last week; the history of rock and roll, it was after Lennon met Bob Dylan did he realize that he should be writing more politically active songs.

One part I found very interesting was when the reporter Gloria Emerson asked John whether he actually thinks that he saved any people by writing and singing songs about peace. Though I don’t agree entirely with all of John Lennon’s beliefs I do agree that he undoubtedly influenced if not saved any people’s lives. He surely knew this; the media, millions of people across the world were obsessed with everything that he did. Instead of singing of “superficial� things he knew that if he sang politically charged songs he would surely make a difference.

I really believe that music has had an effect of the beliefs and thoughts of Americans. If we look relatively recently bands such as Alice in Chains, Nirvana, Pearl Jam, and Soundgarden dominated the early 90’s with their grunge rock. Rage Against the Machine sang of worldwide issues from American wage slavery to military sieges. Due to people such as Bob Dylan and John Lennon’s and their well-known political activism I believe singers and bands now are more vocal when it comes to voicing their opinions on specific things. It is evident that one can look at the musical acts of the time and by analyzing their lyrics could have a pretty good idea of the social issues around them during that particular era.

Lennon

Christina Johnston – Lennon
When looking at the interaction between music and political influence, it becomes imperative to realize the power that a popular artist has when composing the sound, lyrics, and tone of a song. Lennon’s association with Ono, and disgust for the violent actions in Vietnam set him up to be viewed by the government to be a political ‘other,’ as well as a considerable threat. This poses the question, that if the statement made by Gloria Emerson on the New York Times was indeed true, and Lennon made no difference in American lives; then why was he viewed as such a threat by the US government?
He was such a threat because of the influence which he earned through his early years of success and fame. If Lennon was just an average Joe protesting, he wouldn’t receive nearly the level of national attention that he did. Musical artist have proven Emerson’s accusation of the nullity of popular culture on American lives wrong countless times. For example, Bono is raising millions of dollars in the fight against AIDS through his music and his stance on the issue, and is directly affecting thousands of lives, while raising awareness for the cause. Lennon accomplished a similar feat in that; he provided a look into an alternative to the war and loss that Americans were experiencing. If nothing else, he got people thinking about why we occupied Vietnam, and as a result, people developed their own opinions about the ideals he was promoting in his music. We are by no means out of control of our own thoughts as an American culture, but the simple song about change and peace has the power to expose us to a new way of thinking, from which we can develop a stance. It’s very ironic how the film shows the hypocrisy of Nixon, being that he was thrown out of office for activities which were clearly “un-American,� when he so adamantly pointed the finger of blame towards Lennon.

1960s Jess Doll

1960s America was a time in which social movements such as the woman's liberation, the civil rights movement, and various rallies against the Vietnam War were taking place. One of the most controversial issues of this time was the Vietnam War. Some say that this "un-patriotic war" divided the country because it was not as easy to rationalize retaliation as attacks such as Pearl Harbor or 911. Thus many were against the war, but no one more so that John Lennon.

The documentary "The U.S. vs. John Lennon" sent a quality message about peace and the need for change, which continues to be an issue today. Much like many thought the Black Panther party of the 1960s was dangerous because they carried guns; many thought that because Lennon promoted revolution, he promoted violence. James Perone, author of "Musical and Radical Politics," supported this notion stating, Lennon's song "Revolution No I" is directed at someone who is calling for a violent overthrow of society." However, after watching the film it is clear that John Lennon wanted revolution through peace and the primary reason Lennon and the Black Panther party were feared was not because they were violent but rather because they "stood up to power."

In the end, it was ironic that President Nixon, after working so hard to monitor Lennon, resigned from office because of his own disloyalty to the country. No one can argue against "peace being patriotic" and if the government would have listened to Lennon they would have realized that "All [he] was saying [was] give peace a chance."

February 27, 2008

Kendra elm US vs John Lennon

John Lennon had a very different way of getting people to listen to him. Instead of causing violence or destroying things he used his musical talents to speak to people. Lennon and Yoko Ono were two of the most important anti-war activists of their time. In the film when Gloria Emerson asked Lennon if he thought his music actually saved a life, he replied yes. I agree with Lennon, because without all of their anti-war propaganda the war might have lasted much longer than it did. Yoko Ono and Lennon did many things to try and raise awareness and peace in the United States and around the world. One that caught a lot of attention was the “Bed In� where they sat in bed for seven days. Many reporters came to see them, and around the country people began to think peace was an option. Besides things like the bed in music was their most powerful communicator was their music. Music has a way of reaching to a lot of people that words can’t get too. They wrote many songs that people could relate too. A lot of people were confused about why we were fighting the war, and Lennon’s music gave them something to latch on too. Music is not just something that rebellious youth enjoy, it attracts all kinds of people and does have the ability to save lives.

If you talk about music in the context of today’s world, there is a type of music for everyone. There are so many different genres with different rhythms and different beats. This versatility of music gives it the ability to save lives. There is music for every kind of feeling and mood. For people over seas, like today in Iraq, and then in Vietnam, music can help keep them sane. It can give them an out for all the frustration, anger and fear that they feel. For these reasons I believe music does have the ability to save lives, and John Lennon was a huge factor in saving lives with music.

The U.S. vs John Lennon/ Kyle Cross

When it comes to questioning whether or not John Lennon was politically influential during the 60's brings up a very interesting question and I think the answer is yes and no. Why yes? When it comes to political theories such as elitism and pluralism Lennon played a very unique, political role as being an artist. In some ways he was viewed as an elitist because of his easy access to the media, financial resources and faithful followers of his musical career. In some ways, I view him as a pluralist due to his strong opposition to the majority of elitists at the time and how he called upon those citizens who agreed with his views to exercise their rights, such as freedom of speech, their pluralist power, in order to sway political power in the movement's favor. Lennon's influence was successful in the release of Sinclair, but failed when Nixon was reelected president, hands down. Political power and music are "ultimately linked" (Street 253). For example, it is interesting that it is actually political policy, the constitution, that empowers people to make music to influence people, in other words exercise their freedom of speech. So, I definitely think that political figures see musicians, who oppose their views, as threats. I think censorship of all different types of mediums arose from this. But, after Nixon's reelection, Lennon and his music were no longer seen as much of a political threat. I think this could be due to the fact that Lennon considered himself an artist first and a politician second. And also because Lennon was radical and associated himself with radical people. I wasn't alive during the 60's, but I don't think everyone was a radical leftist, otherwise it wouldn't be considered that radical. I do believe that the majority of the people were middle class working people who heard his messages, but didn't care to join the revolution.

OUR CLASSROOM IS TOO SMALL - Thomas Kuppe

This week I will ignore the question and instead use this precious webspace to note that I am protesting the comically small size of our classroom. I urge the other students in the class who feel the same way or are cramped and uncomfortable to join me, as all we have to lose is one tiny mark on our grade. There are 16 weeks in the class, I ask that you risk just one in hopes that we can get a better, larger, more open room to watch movies in.

February 24, 2008

Classic Musical Icons - Dominic Nemmers

Elvis, Bob Dylan, and the Beatles were all classic and iconic members of American pop culture and music in their own right, but they impacted the country differently. Elvis marked the epoch of rock and roll to the world, and was a main figure in the changing era of American sexuality. He was swooned over by teenagers while vilified by much of the conservative and religious members of the country. The Beatles had more of a wholesome mainstream appeal, and were liked by most everyone. The Beatles early career wasn’t marked by the sexual scandal that Elvis’ was, but they were still seen as teen heart-throbs everywhere. Bob Dylan was seen more as a social reformer, bringing together rock and roll and the thinking and revolutionary types. Each of these artists had a unique appearance that both added to their icon status, and to their popularity. Elvis wore outlandish outfits to highlight his movement onstage, while the dapper and diminutive Beatles originally dressed in suits and ties; Bob Dylan’s appearance really emanated an “I don’t care� attitude that was also parlayed in his music. I believe that Elvis represented what parents didn’t want their children to behave like sexually, while the Beatles embodied asexuality originally that had more parents approving of them. I agree that music can be very tantamount to teenagers and impressionable kids, but I believe it is more impressionable than pornography as it can display a wide range of emotions and thinkings, while pornography is more limited. Elvis’ success in copying music that had been around before relied on several things, his ability to present it in a fresh new perspective was one; he also gave the music of an older generation a new rebellious twist that many teens found appealing. The musical heritage of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones were founded in much of old American blues and gospel, which gave them almost American roots that appealed to Americans; they incorporated those classics into their music which allow them to seem almost familiar while being new bands. I agree with George Clinton saying that “most kids hate their parent’s artist�, but I see that as more being rebellious toward their parents than anything toward their music. Kids want to have their own identity, and enjoying what their parents enjoy doesn’t separate them. I do see teenage rebellion being a reason that Elvis and the Beatles were popular, but I can’t say that it was the prime reason because all generations of children have been trying to listen to different things than their parents, so this was nothing new. I see the role of women as really the catapulting factor in the cultural and financial success of these bands. Women really envisioned themselves having a personal link to these artists, and in doing so, felt a close connection which compelled them to support the artists in any way they could. While Bob Dylan embodied the “bad boy� role that many people seem to think draw to women, he was less of a sexual icon, and as such wasn’t supported by mostly women.

History of Music - Chimezie Ononenyi

Through the world of music, appearance and sexuality definitely played a significant role in Beatles and Elvis’s influence on the popular culture. As Clinton acknowledged, Elvis’s celebrity status skyrocketed just for the fact that parents during his early days on the spot hated his artist image. Similarly, as it has been known throughout history, it is always the things that get banned that usually attract the most attention and curiosity. So obviously kids were fascinated for his celebrity image.

The Beatles took the same approach to growing their celebrity status. Even though they did not include physical movements such as hip swinging like Elvis, their lyrics had just about related sexual content. They also had English accent and shaggy hair cuts, which made them stand out and attract even more attention. People usually are attracted to whatever is new, and in this case, there has never been any artists that had same figure like the Beatles did.

Bob Dylan on the other hand had a different approach: Apart from smoking cigarette on every other scene he was in and always wearing sun shades, he was a very distinguished poet that had a different approach to expressing his music. He used his talent to support political movements, a move that many artists before him never made.
Bloom has his opinions about the effects of rock music but I believe in the popular saying that sex sells. In other words, the Beatles and Elvis’s sexual approach to music sold easily to young people.

When one adds up the fact that these artists appeared soon after the World War II, during the times of revolutionary movements when young people were starting to let go of their highly conservative ways, there was no better way to win the attention of young and sexually curious young men and women than expressing music with sex filled content.

The Missing Link.

There is no doubt that African Americans are the ones responsible for the gift of rock and roll. They knew all along what music should feel like, but foolish American morals resulted in that wonderful gift staying within their community. Elvis was then sent forth to bring that gift to the masses. He didn't copy or plagiarize anything flat out; he merely popularized it. His success was due to his talent, good looks, and and of course his whiteness. This wasn't all that bad, for people realized how important and necessary he was and was going to be in helping rock and roll explode. The Beatles and the Rolling Stones gained immense fame for being a few of the first who took what Elvis did and expanded on it. These two bands also had their own look and routine, which is exactly what America wanted so desperately at the time. Being British and having that foreign factor work to their advantage here didn't hurt either. In conclusion, Elvis was necessary to bring great music to the masses, for the masses were too stubborn at the time to turn their ear to the sounds of the Black community and accept its genius.

Andrew Probelski

Jon Marshalla's Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan Entry

Without question, Elvis and The Beatles took a sexually conservative America into a new age and drastically influenced the morals and values held by society. I do not think, however, that this was due to a direct influence as much as these artists providing an outlet for a "bored" American society. In his article The Closing of the American Mind Bloom comments that "The inevitable corollary of such sexual interest is rebellion against the parental authority that represses it." (74). It was not the lyrics of songs by Elvis and The Beatles that encouraged this "sexual interest," rather it was their very presence and image that they radiated that provided an outlet for teenagers to decide for themselves on issues of morality and sexuality.

While I agree with Bloom on the fact that their music allowed a rebellion against parental authority, I disagree with the idea that it provided a negative influence. Bloom also states in his article that "The result is nothing less than parents' loss of control over their children's moral education at a time when no one else is seriously concerned with it." (76). This implies that this "cool" new rock music had a greater influence on children than their parents do, which I find inaccurate. While parents could not completely restrict their children from listening to rock music, they were able to discuss with them what it meant to have strong morals and why it was important. Teens cannot be sheltered forever and will ultimately have to make up their own decisions on morals. In my opinion, it is better that they are exposed to these "evils" while still in an environment where their parents do have the ability to influence them. Bloom also states that "Rock gives children, on a silver platter, with all the public authority of the entertainment industry, everything their parents always used to tell them they had to wait for until they grew up and would understand later." Rather than hindering teens by sheltering them, Elvis and The Beatles gave them the opportunity to think for themselves and mature sooner. This is what ultimately led to the strong social influence that these artists had on a sexually conservative America. They themselves didn't define what was right or wrong directly, but provided the outlet and means for Americans, specifically teens, to define it for themselves.

Week 5: Elvis and The Beatles

The Beatles and Elvis took rock music to a new level. But they did not just do this by way of their musical talent and memorable lyrics. Their appearance and actions deserve a handful of the credit too. The Beatles came onto the scene in America and brought “Beatlemania� with them. Girls and women alike went crazy for them. Crazy might even be an understatement. The Beatles were like a new drug. “Rock music provides premature ecstasy and, in this respect, is like the drugs with which it is allied� (Bloom 80). Due to the complete, for lack of a better term, wildness, The Beatles had to stop doing live tours and become a “studio band� because no one could hear anything at their concerts (lecture). The constant “scream� from the fans, consisting the majority of females, was overpowering and drown out their music. One reason for the insanity over this historical musical group was their appearance. They had a totally different look from the current “look� of every man in America. They had longer, straight hair and a different sense of fashion. In general, they were irresistible to the vast majority of the American youth population.

“The inevitable corollary of such sexual interest is rebellion against the parental authority that represses it� (Bloom 74). Elvis was the other major craze of the rock world. Girls wanted to be with him and guys wanted to be him. For the youth population, he was an icon. He too had “a look� that helped propel him to stardom. He had his slicked back hair and “gyrating� hip. He captivated the youth of America, but was looked down upon by parents and the middle age to older population. He was too sexually “provocative� and his dancing was poisoning the youth. But he was the newest and “hippest� thing in rock music.

The Beatles and Elvis mesmerized America. Not only were they the new sound, but they were the new look.

Rock 'n Roll Youth Culture and History

The atmosphere in the United States during the 1690s was one of change and innovation. The music, and therefore the youth culture, was undergoing a rapid conversion to the long excepted mediocrity to a new phenomenon known as “rock and roll.� The music was new to the majority of America. As the video stated, the music had been around in African American venues for years, but performers like Elvis “made it ok for white people to listen to� this sensational new sound. Fans of rock and roll were intrigued by the new styles that were being presented. Rock and roll had an innovative new life behind the music, and it invigorated the youth of the nation. On top of this, rock music was being presented to the masses by attractive cool young men. The boys wanted to be like them, and the girls wanted to be with them. The changes that normally happen when people break the teenage years were amplified by the incredible new experience that was rock and roll. It was more than just music, it was a culture. For teens looking to define themselves and break free of their childhood, rock offered an amazing outlet for their need for self-expression, as well as their desire to be “cool.� It was little wonder that this new culture grabbed millions of young Americans and solidified itself in the hearts and history of the nation forever.

Alex Schreiner

Elvis, The Beatles, and Dylan- Brenna Munoz

Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan each exploded in to the music scene leaving an everlasting impression on both the past and future of Rock-n-Roll. These three phenomenons, in addition to directly influencing the success and aspirations of one another, intensely influenced and inspired people of their generation. This leads many to ask: What exactly was it about these musicians that made them extraordinary to their time?

Through the in depth accounts portrayed throughout the selection “The History of Rock-n-Roll,� which is a significantly captivating film for any true music lover, we notice comparable attributes of Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan through their timing of arrival, unique and liberating attitudes, and their ability to connect with society.
“Music gave people a sense of hope in the future at a time when the world was in flames.� This quote from the film explains exactly why the explosion of these three musicians was so intensified. Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan all made there mark at a time when society was in a very vulnerable state. The music they generated provided Americans with an escape from unpleasant thoughts of where society was heading, and gave them hope for change. Because of their unique and liberating attitudes, these three musical phenomenons were able to capture the thoughts, thrills, desires, and frustrations of society at the time, and put them into words and music. Elvis with his seductive hips, The Beatles with their unique wittiness, and Dylan with his powerfully genuine lyrics were all able to connect with society on a whole new level because they moved away from self censorship and vouched for a different route; one that was free from restrictions, revolved around raw feelings and emotions, and was true to the core.

Although the timing of their explosion into the music scene proves to be quite crucial, it should not be confused with the reason for their outstanding success. The quality of Elvis’, The Beatles’, and Dylan’s music, in my opinion, stands superior to that of the majority of musicians before or after their time.


Martine Schroeder - Week 5

I found the selections taken from the film “The History of Rock-n-Roll� very interesting and entertaining. I never knew much about the background and origins of the music Elvis, the Beatles, and Dylan played. I enjoy all of their music, but to be honest didn’t know much of the history behind it. This documentary did a great job of making it more clear as to what and how this music came to be, and provided some of the speculative reasons for why it became so popular.

There is no clear reason for why the music of these artists, the Beatles in particular, became so popular with the young generation. However, there are a number of things that may have contributed. There was a lot going on in America at this point in time politically, socially, and culturally. And music was a way to respond to it.

The music of the Beatles was a bit more light-hearted and fun, yet the older generation didn’t care for it too much and was baffled as to why this music was so popular. This difference in generational opinions on music may have been a primary reason the younger generation liked it so much. It was a way to rebel against their elders.

The music of the Beatles, and the Beatles themselves, were especially popular with the young females. At this time girls had to walk a fine line of being prim and proper, but also had to adapt to the role of being sexy and modern. Becoming basically obsessed with the Beatles was a way for girls to break from the sexual repression of the time and show a side of their sexuality that had never really been seen. Girls expressed just how much they adored a group of good looking men. They mobbed, cried and screamed in excessive amounts to show their affection towards the Beatles. This had never been done to this extreme and I think it was a way to rebel against the social constraints that women were trying to break from at this point in history.

Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan Mikhail Karpich

According to George Clinton, “Most kids hate their parents artists…They want to get away from that more than anything.� The prime reason for Elvis and the Beatles success is rebellion according to Walley and Stark. I definitely disagree with Walley’s and Stark’s statement. It was not rebellion or bored teenagers from the baby-boom that caused the emerging artists success but, rather a new style or a way to express themselves, to go with the developing new music and culture of that era. According to the article, “Beatlemania,� by B Ehrenreich, “Adolescents are going through a strenuous period of emotional and physical growth, which leads to a need of expression…� It was a way to express themselves and not riot or try to cause trouble. Of course, group conformity can have both powerful and profound effects on what might happen but, it was not intended to be violent or rebellious. According to the same article by B. Ehrenreich, the teens, “did not riot for anything, except the chance to remain in proximity of their idols…� I definitely agree with Clinton’s statement on the other hand. According to the book, “Meet the Beatles,� the teens acted the way they did because it was something new and different from their previous generation, “We screamed because it was a kick against anything old-fashioned.� Why were the Beatles, Elvis, etc. so popular than? They had distinct music, they were different, and they were doing things that others were not doing. What was the role of woman in this phenomenon and why were they so up taken by Elvis and the Beatles? According to, “Meet the Beatles,� “They were drop dead cute,� and, “Beatles appearance especially their long hair, which too many made them look like girls.� These young women were looking for idols of their generation, seeing that every generation has an idol. Also the young girls of that generation were walking a path that, “Was a narrow and careful defined terrain,� According to the article, “Beatlemania,� by B. Ehrenreich. Rock n Roll was a chance for them to express the sexual repressed yearning s and freedom. According to the same article by B. Ehrenreich a woman who was thirteen at that time said the following, “I liked their independence and sexuality and wanted those things for myself.�

Elvis

Elvis' music was heavily influenced by rythym and blues and gospel. Before he brought this music to the mainstream it was seen as "race music" and was popular mostly in the black culture. The reason Elvis became so successful with music that had been around for years was because his face was more "acceptable" to the mass white audiences. He was seen as a rebellious good boy and had a wide appealing image. He made it okay for the mainstream American popular culture to like the music that blacks had been listening to long before. Elvis' ability to break through prejudices and bring new music to the mainstream paved the way for other artists to follow.

Rock and roll is a genre characterized by rebellion, revolution, and evolution. Elvis started this movement with scandalous dance moves and loud music. His popularity allowed other artists to build off of what he had started. New artists found their voice and old artists found new audiences.

Success of the Beatles and Elvis: Generation Gaps and Rebellious Youth by Chris Hovel

I agree entirely with the statement that the some of the success of the Beatles and Elvis was based on the generation difference between the youth of that time and their parents. Most kids no matter what time period think that whatever their parents do can't be that cool or appealing. The opposite also applies, if your parents keep telling you that you can't listen to this certain type of music or dress a certain way, you will naturally be attracted to the thing that upsets them so much. However it wasn't just the rebellious element that attracted throngs of youth to them but these bands also played a different type of music that many had never heard before and utilized their appearance to form some sex appeal. I feel that this sex appeal along with the ever growing female movement allowed for younger teenage girls to express themselves through fashion, music and gender equality in the work place. Teenagers were also coming into contact with more and more spending money which would allow them to purchase more things like records and clothing. The success of these bands can never be explained by one or two different things. The Beatles and Elvis were bands that were at the perfect moment in time for them to have the impact that they did on our culture and society. Also along with the help from the notion that anyone who listened to or enjoyed that type of music was being some how rebellious, these bands were able to captivate an entire generation and any one passed that with their music.

Chris Dahmen's blog 5

Diana West in her book entitled Death of the Grown Up has made the claim that Elivis Presely and other figure heads of the 50's and 60's embodied an antibourgeois culture. And likewise, the bourgeois had an anti-rock ideology. She makes the case that this is the generation that began the death of the grown up as it is defined in her book. I think she, and parents of the day, up to and including me (not a parent yet) would definatley agree with Bloom's claim that "Music can become tantamount to pornography for teenager." She claims that never before had anything been marketed to heavily to teenagers and kids. In fact, as she apty points out, the word "teenager" didn't even appear in our language until shortly before the rock revolution in the 50's. It may be that rock was deliberatley created and perpetuated just to get kids to go crazy over it and get hooked to maximize profits from sales in the same way cigarettes were infamously targeting teenagers for sales with familiar characters like Joe Camel. Bloom makes the claim in his article "The rock business is perfect capitalism, supplying to demand and helping to create it. It has all the moral dignity of drug trafficking, but it was so totally new and unexpected that nobody thought to control it, and now it is too late." He also describes Mick Jagger as "playing the possessed lower class demon and teen aged satyr...with one eye on the mobs of children of both sexes whom he stimulated to a sensual frenzy and the other eye winking at the unerotic, commercially motivated adults who handled the money." This is clearly not a wholesome endeavor by any stretch of the word. From this very predictable perspective of capitalism and vulgarity, it seems as though there is nothing good the rock culture has to offer in social terms literally or figuratively. Parents should have been outraged and not just for obvious reasons. As Bloom points out "I believe it[rock] ruins the imagination of young people and makes it very difficult for them to have a passionate relationship to the art and though that are the substance of liberal education." Clearly the parents who believed that rock or antibourgeois culture of the 50's was not just annoying, but posed a greater threat to their children and their psychology and education were really on to something that Bloom revealed so many years later. Unfortunatley, the parents at the time probably had no way of articulating this as Bloom does, and being so new, they probably also had no idea of how bad it would be for their kids and the culture in general in the long run. The issue is more dangerous for our culture now than many realize. Again Allan Bloom "The inevitable corollary of such sexual interest is rebellion against the parental authority that represses it." But what seems to be dangerous, is the thought of what will happen when the antibourgeois kids become parents themselves. The. Many of them are parents who need parents. THey may have no ability to realize such things as they often have no ability to be scrupulous and think outside of their own perspective and so on, all hallmarks of liberal education. Such an ideology is certainly hard to break. "It may well be that a society's greatest madness seems normal to itself. And the conclusion is bleak with no grown ups as Diana West points out "Responisibility and restraint are not only bedrock virtues of liberal civilization, they are also hallmarks of the grown-up. Without them, civilization becomes anarchic, and the grown up slips and regresses." When the grrown up regresses, what will their kids be like? The future?

Elvis, Beatles, Dylan - Tammy Woehler

Elvis and The Beatles brought an uproar to the American society. They changed the way music sounded, they changed the way girls and women acted, privately or publicly, and they changed boys and men - to be more like them. Elvis and the Beatles brought a new kind of music to the stage. Along with the new sounds, they brought new dances and appearances. Elvis was either famous, by the ladies, or imfamous, by those opposed to the dancing. The ladies loved the leg move that Elvis had. Others hated it, calling it "provocative." Elvis also had a new look that most men didn't have. He had long hair that was slicked back, not just an ordinary crew cut every other guy had. The Beatles, on the other hand, brought on "Beatlemania." Ehrenrich said that Beatlemania, “was the first and most dramatic uprising of women’s sexual revolution� (pp. 524). At Beatle concerts, no one could hear a thing, including the band, because girls would just scream and scream because the Beatles were right in front of them. The Beatles also had a different look than the average male in the United States. They had long, straight hair and had their own style of clothing. Just like Elvis, they had brought a new sound to the stage of music. The Beatles would get mobbed by girls left and right if the girls new the Beatles would be around a certain place at a certain time. They were not acting like respectful young ladies. They acted, as some would say, like "hooligans."

Josh Zaborowski

Elvis and The Beatles were both very popular among men and women. Women wanted them and men wanted to be them. Elvis and The Beatles were both sexual icons. They were obviously attractive, unique, young men, and their music and the way they performed at that time was pretty provocative. I believe their attractiveness and uniqueness really propelled their success in the music industry. Yes their style of music and presentation “irked� many parents. Parents disapproval very well could have been part of the reason for their popularity, because I am sure many kids enjoyed their music, however when the kids found out that their parents strongly disapproved they probably became a little more vocal about their love of the music to “rebel� against their parents. Between wanting to rebel, and also being presented with a new unique form of music, I think those aspects really propelled Elvis and The Beatles into their Super Star status.

The Beatles

The American 1960s was a decade characterized by countless economic and cultural struggles, the overindulgence of love and ecstasy, and the invasion of a British rock and roll movement. During the 1960s, bands like the Rolling Stones and Led Zeppelin were exponentially rising in popularity and fame. The increased fame of these British rockers caused rock and roll to become the fundamental social force of the decade. It personified the hedonism and decadence of the era and made a blatant statement to the world about American morals. These bands incarnated the pure intemperance of rock and roll. The music of the British quartet, the Beatles, however, was kept pure and innocent.
When the Beatles first arrived in American pop culture, it was during a time when rock and roll personified a changing view of the female sexuality. According to the reading The British Are Coming!, “…the Beatles appeared less intimidating for another reason – they didn’t flaunt their sexuality� (29). American females could “…embrace the [Beatles] without feeling they were joining some kind of cadre of juvenile delinquents…� (29). Because the lyrics to their songs upheld the societal paradigm, the group was less of a threat to parents who wanted their daughters to remain innocent. The lyrics of the Rolling Stones described lewd sexual acts whereas the lyrics of the Beatles described holding hands and puppy love. The Beatles were popular because the image the Beatles portrayed allowed parent and child alike to embrace their music without feeling threatened or delinquent.

Ian R. Bell

Beatles, Elvis, and Bob Dylan - The Ultimate Threesome (Jeff Batts)

The Beatles and Elvis Presley came at an ideal time to exploit the sexual loosening of America. In one of the prompts, it is contended that American society was sexually conservative at this time. I don't necessarily know if I agree with that. I think that in the years before the British invasion, our culture had already been loosening the belt on sexual inhibition. The Kinsey report showed that America was a lot more perverse than most would like to admit. These covert sexual undertones were ready to boil over, and these acts provided the necessary heat to unleash an intense sexual backlash against the old guard.

Elvis was a homegrown icon, and there's definitely no arguing that he triggered a wave of activity that made parents cringe. His hip swinging and facial expressions were apparently enough to make girls faint. The Beatles were, according to Ehrenrich (525), enough to make girls wet their pants. The provided a means and an excuse for girls to lose themselves. They provided the suggestive music and movements, and the public ate it up. I am not totally convinced that Bob Dylan was intended to be a sexual icon though. In comparing Elvis/Beatles to Bob Dylan, the overall focus of their songs seem to be different. While the Beatles focused on romance with songs like '8 Days a Week', 'I Want to Hold Your Hand', and 'She Loves Me' (among MANY others), they sang about optimistic love. Elvis, on the other hand, still had sexually charged lyrics and actions, but he focused on downsides of romance. 'Heartbreak Hotel', for instance, talks about how painful relationships can be.

Bob Dylan's music seemed to be more politically charged. The only song of Bob's that I'm familiar with that openly concerns women is 'Lay Lady Lay'. Songs such as 'Hurricane' and 'Like a Rolling Stone' seem to focus on political aspects. Dylan was not known for his hip swaying, good looks, or lip sneer. He was known more as a poet and a lyricist than a sexual icon. Therefore, I would contend that that the Beatles and Elvis took advantage of an underlying sexual society, and that Bob Dylan came and grabbed a completely different audience - one that was fed up with the wars and political unrest.

Oh, and for the record, the best Beatle was Paul.

Jeff Batts

Jesse Stapp- Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan

A common theme throughout the readings and the documentary this week was 'sexuality'. In the texts and film, sexuality is a useful tool in describing the phenomenon of the era. First is the way in which The Beatles used atypical images to further their sexual appeal. By being everything that American men (at the time) were not, The Beatles were able to step out of the rigid structures of male/female image stereotypes. The sexuality exuded by The Beatles' audience(s), primarily teenage girls, is described in detail by Barbara Ehrenreich et al. In their work, Ehrenreich et al desribe the sexual aggression displayed by teenage girls in this era to be a rebellion against the strict standards to which females were expected to adhere to. For teenage girls, screaming at a Beatles' concert was no more than a way to counter the double standards placed upon them. According to Ehrenreich et al, a girl must walk the fine line between being a classy, moral lady while being sexy enough to attract a male counterpart. At Beatles' concerts, however, a girl could scream at the top of her lungs and do her part to break down the unreasonable standards set upon her. In much the same way, Elvis Presley stuck to his upbringing to make a name for himself, just as The Beatles had done. For Elvis, it was the way in which he stuck to his southern ways that made him 'sexy' to America. By defying the upperclass, Elvis 'stuck it to the man' through the use of his lyrics, his dance moves and his rock n' roll attitude. Lindsay Waters detailed an appearance on national television in which Elvis truly spoke to conventional listeners. By singing to an actual hounddog and addressing the camera to speak to the viewers, Elvis became a leader in the rock n' roll cultural revolution.

Elvis, the Beatles, and Dylan Allison Veire

The music of Bob Dylan as compared to Elvis and the Beatles is vastly different. And these differences are not only present in the musical content but also in the way the musician is viewed by their fans. Listening to Bob Dylan you hear more that just music, its poetry, and that is exactly how his fans react to him. He is speaking to their intellectual soul. Whereas the music played by the Beatles and Elvis speaks of love and casual relations. It predominantly speaks to the sexual desires of their young fan base. But no matter what aspect of the soul the music targets it is all about individuality.

Bob Dylan’s songs inspired a generation to think individually. He took this genre of music and turned it into something that spoke to people’s conscious minds. It seemed to stir many new views on life. The article by Bloom has a passage that says, “music is the medium of the human soul in it’s most ecstatic condition of wonder and terror.� This idea of wonder and terror that was instilled in Bob Dylan’s music is what made it so great. It’s the type of music that makes you think and puts everything in a new perspective.

The music of the Beatles and Elvis seemed to spark a revolution of rebellion upon the pure ways of the past. It played on the sexual desires of the young that had never been unleashed. That idea I think is what made it so revolutionary, the fact that something like this had never been experienced with such a force before in that generation. Bloom says, “rock music has one appeal only, a barbaric appeal, to sexual desire.�

So how do these two completely different genres co-exist together? Altogether I think it created a whole new way of thinking not only out of desire but out of wonder.

Elvis and the Beatles-Revolutionizing the World Stage

With World War II finally over, a new decade in America was starting. The 1950’s were a time of change for the United States and music was one of the foremost areas where this change was felt.
Rhythm and blues had been a prominent form of spiritual expression in the Black community for decades. However, it did not mainstream until Elvis Presley came onto the scene. One key element that was essential for the movement of rhythm and blues into mainstream American music was the increasing position of the television in American homes. Elvis Presley was a slick, tough Caucasian male, unafraid to show himself as a rebel to the American people as he gyrated his hips in front of the entire nation. This allowed the caucasian American population to view rhythm and blues as a part of their culture instead of the segregation of music they had previously experienced. Another element Elvis brought was his crude sexual innuendos that had parents appalled and every girl lovestruck. Singlehandedly, he opened up American television to being open about sexuality, a practice that had never before been seen in America. The sheer fact that parents disapproved of Elvis’s music catapulted his fame even more as evidenced by George Clinton when he stated that “most kids hate their parent’s artists... they want to get away from that more than anything.�
As Elvis paved the way for the rhythm and blues movement in America, the Beatles started the revolution in Great Britain. Greatly influenced by Elvis, the Beatles followed his lead by being trendsetters for clothes and hairstyles. They let their hair grow out and found themselves to be heart throbs everywhere they ventured. Overall, they started a revolution of change and treading against the grain of popular society of the time to become predominant figures.

History of Music, Chris Lewis

Music can birth a feeling from one gentle note, or from a massive chorus. Either way music has the power to create thought, emotion, and a way of life. Each musician in his own time created a following and a reason for living. The Beatles turned their band from playing great songs to playing great songs with a purpose that led their fans into a new political direction. The involvement of sex, drugs, and politics in music created a more conjoined youth which today is a more well informed group of adults. The appeal of these bands is not just their alluring personalities or good looks. It's the way that they make people feel and think about the world around them. These artists are just as much political leaders as have been any other president or politician. Influence over community falls over those who have thought and drive. These three sets of artists had both.

Sexual Symbols

Teenage culture was artificially created shortly before the arrival of rock and roll. There was suddenly a new phase of life, between childhood and adulthood. Rock music emerged as the anthem for this new phase. Musicians like Elvis and the Beatles drew criticism for the raw sexuality evinced in their dancing, lyrics, beats, and fans. Different analysis of this effect popped up in the media.
Ehrenreich et. al. considered it as the announcement and ratification of teen sexuality and frustration (533). Beatlemania was a result of changing social roles and aspirations. While it was a form of conformity, giving meaning and validation to girls awakening sexual personas, it was also a form of personal revolt. Girl’s protested the sexual repression that was their role. They laid claim to feelings of desire and accepted the role of pursuer instead of the inactive recipient and blocker of sexual advances. It was a ‘safe’ form of sexuality where they could escape the invisible life of housewife, never ending in “the tedium of marriage� (532).
Bloom focused more on rock’s “attempts to capture the rawest passions� (73). He feared that the tribal beats and explicit lyrics resulted in a deadened generation that would never enjoy life. They would be incited to anarchy and rebellion by the base emotions rock called forth. The sexuality roused in the youth was a dangerous consequence that would ruin our society.
I agree with both of them in some respects. Elvis’s hip wagging and the Beatle’s hysteric fans were symbols of the growing sexual revolution. Women were beginning to lay claim to a more active role in sexual relations. Young girls wanted more than a fancy house filled with children and a husband to pay for it all. There was a desire to claim the perceived power inherent in sexuality. It was also a form of conformity, legitimizing the new social desires and confirming ones trendy status.
Bloom also had a point in the excessive exposure to ‘obscene’ lyrics that run counter to the dominant ideology can lead to what I like to think of as ‘rebels without a clue’. It can incite extreme passions with no real link to the underlying reality that inspired the song maker. Elvis’s pelvis stirred many a young girl’s fancy without her really grasping the sexual nature so obvious to adults. Beatlemania resulted in proper young women performing lawless acts. It is important to note that sexuality is ever more present, but there is still a strong sexually conservative stance in American culture. There has not been a complete collapse of morality, no performer will ever have an influence that strong.

Nyssa Shawstad

WORKS CITED
Bloom, Alan. “Music� in The Closing of the American Mind (1987) p.68-81
Ehrenreich, Barbara, Hess, and Jacobs. “Beatlemania: A sexually defiant consumer subculture?� in K. Gelder and S. Thornton (eds.) The Subculture Reader (Routledge) London, 1997 pp. 523-536

Ned Rupp - The 60's, Rock and Roll, and the cultural phenomenon known as The Beatles

First off, I would like to start by saying that this was by far my favorite class this semester. I thought the whole section of the powerpoint on JFK and the conspiracies behind his assassination was fascinating, and I hope you will show conspiracies of other major events in future powerpoints (9/11?). The other thing that really interested me was the section of the movie about The Beatles. I have a good friend who has recently taken up an obsession with The Beatles, and over the past couple of weeks has been showing me (on YouTube of course) many of their songs, interviews, and clips of them performing, among other things. What I didn't realize through watching these clips, though, was just HOW ridiculously popular they were. I imagined that all of their shows would be sold out wherever they went, and of course girls were obsessed with them, but the fact that THAT many people showed up at the airport for their U.S. arrival, and the fact that they couldn't tour anymore because they couldn't hear themselves play or sing anymore is crazy. The Beatles truly defined the 1960's through their unique sound, unique look, and unique personalities. There has not been another band either before them, or after them, which has influenced as many musical artists as The Beatles have. I have always heard about how "big" The Beatles were, but this movie really showed me how much I was off. Basically EVERY teenager in the entire U.S. had or was listening to The Beatles, there isn't any band today which is as universally listened to or as dominant as The Beatles were, and I find that fascinating. Sure Nirvana was huge in the 90's, but Nirvana didn't define a generation. I guess you could say a band like "Fall Out Boy" or 50 cent define their respective genres (in the mainstream), but they are not even CLOSE to defining an ENTIRE generation. For this fact alone The Beatles will always be, in my opinion, the biggest musical cultural phenomenon of all time.

Tara Williams

Both Elvis and The Beatles were very popular with women. Elvis, in my opinion was not the best musician. A lot of the songs he performed were taken from other artists. The thing that made Elvis so popular was his sexuality. The way he gyrated his hips was scandalous in the 50s, and caused an uproar with the parents. This actually probably helped with Elvis’ popularity. It’s like the saying even bad publicity is still publicity. To listen to this artist that their parents despised was a way to rebel for the teenagers of the time. The Beatles came to America in a time of change in the roles of women. In the past they were supposed to pure, good girls while still being attractive and pretty. In the 60s they were starting to break out of the mold and be more open about their sexuality. The Beatles appealed to the girls of America because they were different than the normal American Guy. The Beatles had accents, they had long hair, and they wore suits. All these things made them different and attractive to the American girls. Bob Dylan did not use sexuality to become popular. He played folk music, which is not about looks but about the lyrics and the messages of the music.

Jasmine Omorogbe

There were many groups that plowed the path for rock n roll in the United States. As someone mentioned previously this week, many are not given the credit they deserve, such as the Rolling Stones in addition to other groups and the plethora of black artists whose songs were "borrowed".
There are definiite differences in the sexuality of the three groups we are focusing on this week. Elvis was obviously sexy with his slickback hair, smooth skin, cute smile and hot dance moves (although they look more like a seizure or spastic movements to me) and definitely used his looks as a marketing tool. The Beatles were more sexy "by accident". They didn't see themselves as sex symbols, they weren't marketed as sexy, that is probably one of the things that made them even more attractive to their audience. However, they were doing something different from the norm in America at that time, which added that edge to their appeal also. On the other hand, Dylan was far from sexy (maybe only my opinion), he didn't seem to be one who was about appearances. He was more attractive because of his bada**, independent attitude and the content of his music more than anything.
Each of the three utilzed appearance in the formation of their musical identity, whether the statement was made by paying explicit attention or ignoring it.

As far as Elvis' rediscovery of the music form, I think it was because as we discussed in class, Elvis made it ok for white people to listen to what was previously known as "race music". He somewhat "opened the floodgates" by drawing the attention of the masses to it. His new style of music combined with his looks and dances that pushed the envelope ensured his seat in rock n roll history forever. As with anything today, anything that is controversial garners a lot of media attention and upsets some, but is also GREAT for publicity and attracting new fans. This is part of why he was so incredibly popular.

Thomas Campbell's Rock n Roll Reflections

The main idea from “The History of Rock and Roll� DVD is how Rock and Roll and sexuality brought about a revolutionary change to America’s society after World War Two. The three main artists that were discussed include Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan. These three music artists had unique differences in the importance to changes to sexuality in America. The artist’s uniqueness was the key to their success. Elvis and The Beatles were considered sex symbols known for their love and affection in their lyrics, however Bob Dylan was not a sex symbol but known for his exceptional lyrics that were politically motivated. Both Elvis and The Beatles were new and exciting which emphasized the changing roles of women, however the sexuality of the singers played a large part in the parents disapproval of the artists music, due to their fear of change. A great example of this is “Beatlemania�. Ehrenrich et al believe that Beatlemania “was the first and most dramatic uprising of women’s sexual revolution� (pp. 524). The Beatles long shaggy hair cuts, their English accents, and sense of humor was something new and exciting for the teenage girls. The Beatles changed the style of the American fashion sense from clean haircuts to the longer haircuts, as the teenage girls fell in love with The Beatles. Elvis also changed the roles of women through the sexuality of his gyrating dance movements and boyish American good looks. Elvis helped change the music genre of the time to Rock and Roll through his attractiveness as the girls loved him. His dance moves were new and exciting, which also played a huge part in teenage girls parents disapproval of his sex appeal. Parents were afraid of change, and believed that these sexual movements were inappropriate, which lead to the parent’s belief that their daughters were rebellious. Bob Dylan was different as his more political voice was not so appealing to young females. He also was not as attractive as The Beatles, and Elvis. Dylan instead used his lyrics to spread his message to his fans. Overall Bob Dylan, The Beatles and Elvis had a different way to bring about a revolutionary change in Rock and Roll within America’s society.

Rob Skogen

“Dude, if you were to make a Mount Rushmore of rock n roll, who would you include?�

We have all had this conversation with friends late at night, likely over a few beers. It is an ongoing discourse that young people have been having for the past few decades, but I would be willing to bet that Elvis, the Beatles, and Dylan have all been prominently mentioned in a majority of these debates.

The reasons cited typically focus on an individual song, performance, or album and may vaguely allude to some greater context. Rarely are the three connected in any significant way. The phenomenon that was Elvis Presley, or was the Beatles, or was Bob Dylan was unique in and of itself, but the collective impact they had on American culture is still not fully understood.

At face value, these figures represent the innocence of a generation coming of age. Elvis introduced white America to an “alien� musical form in the 1950s. Soon afterwards, the Beatles hit the scene and endeared themselves to a vast teenaged. Dylan took everything to another level after meeting the Beatles and fused the electrically charged pop rock with the politically charged folk scene. The American experience was never the same.

At least that is the romantic version of things. After reading a few of the articles this week, I was deeply shaken when the elephant in the room was brought to my attention. Inherent in the capitalistic system is a hypocrisy of exploitation of some group of people at every turn. In this case, the young boomers and every other generation to follow were unwittingly manipulated by a music industry that was keenly aware of their spending potential and the profits to be had from creating heroes.

But that unleashes the overall question that seems to be an undercurrent in everything we have been reading. Is popular culture a tool used by the establishment to control the masses, or is it a tool used by the masses to overthrow the establishment?

Maybe we’ll have to wait on that monument a bit. It seems there are some more pertinent discussions to be had.

The Beatles, Elvis, and Dylan - Melissa Green

For Elvis Presley and the Beatles, sexuality was an important part of their identities as musicians. Given that their music was often about love (and implicitly, sex), it made commercial sense to cultivate an image which fit. Elvis seemed to face tougher criticism for displaying his sexuality, probably because the timing wasn't quite right. However, when the Beatles came to America the time was right. The death of JFK just two months prior represented an end to age of "innocence" in American life. With it came the ending of innocence for teenage girls. On the eve of the women's rights movement, women and girls were beginning to rebel, albeit in a less political and organized way. Beatlemania was the form in which these girls rebelled. Ehrenrich notes in her articles how at the time the thought of girls 10-14 possessing a sexuality at all was an unthinkable concept at the time, except for Freudians. What Beatlemania did was allow these girls to proclaim and own their sexuality. For perhaps the first time in American culture, men were being explicitly objectified by mass amounts of women. For the Beatles, it made sense to continue to encourage this type of behavior as it was good for business. For an artist such as Bob Dylan however, cultivating a sexual image did not make much sense. His music was of a more "serious" nature, appealing to those who were passionate about making the world a better place, ending the war, and finding meaning in life. For Bob Dylan to attempt to promote a sexual image would not make sense, and would probably have been confusing.

Cameron White

Rock-in-Roll was apart of the American culture from the 1950’s to the 1970’s. It was artist like the Beatles, Elvis, and Bob Dylan that paved the way for Rock-in-Roll to become so popular. Sexuality was also a large factor in heightening these artists’ careers and it was all done through there own sort of style.
The Beatles hit America by storm and had success what seemed like over night. They transformed the music industry with their clever comedy and English accents. Americans during this time in history were considered to be very clean cut and when the Beatles came over with their so called “Bull Cut� hair style was quite the eye opener. It is safe to say they were going against societies cultural norms because the hair styles became very popular and everyone started to wear their hair that way. Not only did Rock-in-Roll impact males, but also women. Before the Beatles women and girls were thought to be proper and pure. As stated in Ehrenric’s article, “To be popular with boys and girls – to be universally attractive and still have an unblemished ‘reputation’ – a girl had to be crafty, cool, and careful. The payoff for all this effort was to end up exactly like Mom – a housewife�. The Beatles became popular by creating a new image for teens and young adult in American, while Elvis was creating a name for himself through his amazing dancing ability.
Elvis became a sex symbol to many girls, due to the way he could dance and move his hips on stage. America was viewed as being very proper and the way that Elvis would dance upset many adults. They believed hip trusts and leg shaking was too much and should be censored. Some even viewed it as pornography! His sense of style was very different from the rest of the artists during this era and I feel he portrays sexuality more then any of the other artists.
Bob Dylan was the bad boy of the Rock-in-Roll era and had the “I do what I want� persona. He would be up on stage with his guitar, harmonica and a lit cigarette. It was not about appealing sexually to the audience he was all about creating great lyrical music. He wrote about politics because he felt that love songs did not reach out the same way.
Rock-in-Roll is a part in our history that will never be forgotten due to the remarkable artists and amazing music, which also brought great social change through sexuality.

Controversy and Rock-Kyle Anderson

There is little doubt that Elvis’ style was outright stolen, or at the very least heavily influenced, from gospel and r&b. In fact, prior to his widespread stardom, many radio listeners thought that Elvis was black. Elvis was really no different than many other black artists of the day, yet he proved to be the catalyst that pushed rock ‘n roll into mainstream America. Racial tension was still high during the time period after WWII and into the Civil Rights Movement. Many saw Elvis as a bridge to help connect the races through music, and indeed Elvis paved the way for many black musicians to follow. While Elvis did make rock ‘n roll mainstream, critics from the African American community criticized the trend that America wanted black music without the black people, and that Elvis was a thief of the music styles of black artists. The larger question, perhaps, is if Elvis would have still been as phenomenally popular had the genre not been so controversial. The fact that parents frowned upon rock ‘n roll music instantly made it infinitely more appealing to kids, in the same manner that parental advisory stickers make CDs more appealing to today’s youth.
The controversy surrounding the genre of rock ‘n roll was further magnified by Elvis’ sexual innuendos and gestures while on stage. As stated in the Bloom article, “young people know that rock has the beat of sexual intercourse.�(pg 73) Parents and adults alike feared the consequences of rock ‘n roll on the youth, envisioning a generation of deviant sexual perverts. Without the controversy generated by the fact that rock was derived from so-called “race music� in addition to the controversy of the sexual liberation accompanying the movement, it is unlikely that rock ‘n roll would have garnered the same cultural explosion in America. The controversial nature of rock ‘n roll was a key factor in its enormous success.

The History of Rock-n-Roll/ Kyle Cross

I also believe that rebellion was a primary reason for the success of Elvis and the Beatles among others. Even though Elvis "had the look" that made so many young girls adore him at the time, he also made"race music" acceptable to listen to and he brought this music right to their living room. But back to the rebellion aspect. Throughout the readings, I found the common theme of sexual oppression among teenagers as the main driver behind the successes of these artists. A quote from the reading "Beatle Mania" by Barbara Ehrenreich, Elizabeth Hess and Gloria Jacobs sums up this tension felt by teenage girls, "To abandon control-to scream, faint, dash about in mobs-was, in form if not in conscious intent, to protest the sexual repressiveness, rigid double standard of female teen culture." It wasn't that the music was so great at the early stages of these musician's careers, but it was attractive young men performing songs about love. Young men at the time had sports or other extra curricular activities to release some sexual tension, but girls had limited opportunities according to Science Newsletter 29 Feb 1964. Young females were supposed to be quiet during the 60's and the ideal daughter should be pure and soft spoken, not to speak unless spoken to. I believe this model that young girls were supposed to fit is what so many girls were rebelling against. I think this rebellion's origins can be found at home because not only was it a rebellion against society, but against parental authority. Bloom sums this up nicely, "The inevitable corollary of such sexual interest is rebellion against the parental authority that represses it."

Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan - Amanda Palazzo

When The Beatles guitarist, George Harrison visited the United States a few months prior to their infamous “arrival� at JFK airport, he reported back to the group that, “they don’t know us…it’s going to be hard (Stark, 2006).� Within months, they had invaded and conquered; Beatlemania was in full swing in America. More than just the popularity of their music contributed to their rise to sudden stardom, though, obviously, that was an important factor.

The Beatles’ music, like Elvis’, was influenced by “race music,� music whose roots lie in the American south, with African American musicians. Before the arrival of Elvis, this type of music was not acceptable or easily accessible for white listeners. Therefore, when Elvis came on the scene, people reacted strongly (both positively and negatively) because it was so different from anything that was being played on the radio. The Beatles, inspired and influenced by Elvis, also elicited the same reaction in listeners. One fan, cited in the “The British Are Coming!,� said, “They’re different…they’re great because they’re different.� Another said, “We screamed because it was a kick against anything old-fashioned. (Stark, 2006)�

The changing views regarding females and sexuality also perpetuated Elvis’ and The Beatles’ popularity. Girls, taught to be ‘good’ and remain ‘pure,’ started lashing back against this societal rule. When prompted by reporters as to the reason of The Beatles’ popularity, the answer was, “Because they’re sexy.� The authors in “Beatlemania: A sexually defiant consumer subculture?,� state that, “this explanation was in itself a small act of defiance…to assert an active, powerful sexuality by the tens of thousands and to do so in a way calculated to attract maximum attention was more than rebellious. It was, in its own unformulated, dizzy way, revolutionary (Ehrenreich, Hess, Jacobs, 1997).�

The popularity of Elvis and The Beatles was significantly influenced by their looks, Elvis with his good looks and hip shaking, knee jerking, moves, and The Beatles, with their Englishness, long hair, and humor. Bob Dylan, who also had great success during the same period, could not contribute this success to the same reason: innate sex appeal. Dylan, on the fringe of popular music, a part of the counterculture movement, had more politically charged music that did not attract the same type of attention from female listeners. Elaine Tyler May, commenting on The Beatles’ popularity with girls in, “The British Are Coming!,� says that, “every girl wanted to be treated the way their songs indicated they would treat them. There was a sweetness and gentleness in their view of women and romance (Stark 2006).� Dylan, whose music was more revolutionary than lovey-dovey, just did not resonate in the same way, with the same people, as Elvis and The Beatles.

Cole Storer Blog 5

In comparing Elvis and the Beatles with Bob Dylan I think there is definitely an important difference in regard to their sexuality. Whereas Elvis shook his hips and snarled his upper lip, the Beatles had long hair and wore tight clothing and at one point they were grilled on their sexuality. Bob Dylan was not as physically or outwardly appealing however and he was more of a folk singer rather than pop or rock and roll. Their appearance wasn't extremely important in regards to their musical identity. I don't think that they made as big of a deal back then about outward appearances. Androgyny suited them. Elvis wasn't androgynous, however he was from a little different generation where it was cooler to be more clean cut. The Beatles and Elvis were able to deform the social norm because their music changed our culture. They made America much more open to sexuality. Girls were conforming to more liberal ideaologies and resisting their parent's conservative values. Einrich addresses sexuality and rock and roll by talking about how they were tainting young women's morals and causing them to participate in sexual activities. Elvis's girating pelvis was almost considered sacreligious to most of conservative America. The idea that rock and roll can become like pornography for teenagers and impressionable kids is absurd. I think there was more of a correlation between people starting to stand up and say something to the government with rock and roll than teenagers becoming more sexually active. I think that parents of the 50's and 60's thought that the Beatles and Elvis represented a whole lot more than they actually did. It seems as though they were making excuses for their children's behavior. It is a whole lot easier to put the blame on a music group rather than taking the blame for your shortcomings.

Cole Storer Blog 5

In comparing Elvis and the Beatles with Bob Dylan I think there is definitely an important difference in regard to their sexuality. Whereas Elvis shook his hips and snarled his upper lip, the Beatles had long hair and wore tight clothing and at one point they were grilled on their sexuality. Bob Dylan was not as physically or outwardly appealing however and he was more of a folk singer rather than pop or rock and roll. Their appearance wasn't extremely important in regards to their musical identity. I don't think that they made as big of a deal back then about outward appearances. Androgyny suited them. Elvis wasn't androgynous, however he was from a little different generation where it was cooler to be more clean cut. The Beatles and Elvis were able to deform the social norm because their music changed our culture. They made America much more open to sexuality. Girls were conforming to more liberal ideaologies and resisting their parent's conservative values. Einrich addresses sexuality and rock and roll by talking about how they were tainting young women's morals and causing them to participate in sexual activities. Elvis's girating pelvis was almost considered sacreligious to most of conservative America. The idea that rock and roll can become like pornography for teenagers and impressionable kids is absurd. I think there was more of a correlation between people starting to stand up and say something to the government with rock and roll than teenagers becoming more sexually active. I think that parents of the 50's and 60's thought that the Beatles and Elvis represented a whole lot more than they actually did. It seems as though they were making excuses for their children's behavior. It is a whole lot easier to put the blame on a music group rather than taking the blame for your shortcomings.

Reflection on "The History of Rock and Roll". By Thanh Diep Truong

As it was said, elvis Presley drew heavily music that was grounded in rhythm and blues, or what at the time was called "race music". The rhythm and blues, and gospel sound had been a staple of black culture for many years befor Elvis came onto the scene. So the question here is: What was it that made him such a tremendous success? In my opinion, he was a success because he brought to the Americans what they had never seen before. They had never seen a white guy singing "black music" before. He wasn't only performing blues or gospel, he had his own moves on stage that made the conservatism against him. His moves were so "different", "strange", and "rebellious". He was shaking his hips like no one had done before. Those were his signature moves, without those, Elvis Presley wouldn't be Elvis Presley. America loved him because he was who he was, and he did what he did best. The film feature a show that they had Elvis on with a tux and gloves. He really looked very awkward in them. It was really different. If he wasn't on stage with his usual outfit and his "shaking hips", he wouldn't be able to put live in to his performance, not like he usually did. So he stick with what he did best, and grew from it. Also, what Americans liked from Elvis was his charm. He was very charming, confident, a every girls' dream. According to the film, he had a great sense of humor, both on stage and behind the curtain. Putting all these together, the real key that made Elvis Presley a big success was the American teen girls at the time. I think they are the one who brought him to the top. They were his first and long lasting group of fans. They couldn't see any human being any more "superior" than Elvis, with his "rebellious" attitude, handsome "white" look, and performances that no man one earth could had delivered. These teenager girls were so taken by Elvis because they were tied up with all the gender roles and social norms at the time. Elvis to them were like a pair of scissors, cutting them free from the ropes of norms tied around them. It was their chance of a rebellion against whatever they are being shaped and formed into.

Derek Peltier

In the 1950’s the popular music was classical music. The reading The Closing of the American Mind said classical music was huge especially among the middle class families “partly because they liked it, [and] partly because they thought it was good for the kids.� When the 60’s came around I think that it was a huge shock to the parents when rock and roll became a hit and started to develop. The parents were very upset when they saw Elvis on TV swiveling his hips and making moves with his body that you just did not do during that time. Rock and roll really got a hold of teenagers and brought a new way of life for them. It was a way for the younger generation to get in touch with their own sound and their own music and not listen to what their parents listened to. You could tell the parents were not happy about their teenagers listening to this new music and agreed with Alan Bloom in “teenagers + rock music = sex, and that rock music is like pornography.� At this time girls were supposed to be “good� and “pure� and the parents thought that this type of music was everything but that. I do believe that a big reason why Elvis and the Beatles became so popular was the fact that young woman and men were rebellious against their parents and the norm during that time. I also do think that it is a huge stretch to say that rock music is like pornography.

When watching the History of Rock-n-Roll I was amazed at the fact of how obsessed the girls were over these performers. I never knew that the Beatles had to stop touring because they couldn’t even hear the music being played, that it was so loud from all of the screaming and yelling that you just could not hear. I also really enjoyed in the movie of how many famous musicians today are so thankful for what Elvis and the Beatles did for the industry. I believe what Tom Petty said really hits everything home when he said “they were like a gift from god� when he was talking about the Beatles.

History of Rock and Roll- Justin Kaplan

A new type of music emerged in the late 50's and early 60's that would really shift the American way and the way people viewed music and sex. In The Closing of the American Mind reading, it talks about how classical music was “popular� among middle-class families “partly because they liked it, [and] partly because they thought it was good for the kids.� This was quickly proven wrong with the emergence of Rock and Roll. Kids started showing an unbelievable outpouring of support for this new; as the parents viewed it, "devilish" music. This music related much more to the "younger population" then that of the earlier classical music. We scratched the surface of this topic in class when we said that rock and roll was the music for the younger generation and that the older generation not only disliked it, but thought it was immoral and way too sexual. We talked about how "teenagers+rock music=sex." The reason why the older generation did not like this music is because they felt like this was going to corrupt there children's minds and was going to ruin all of the morals that they had instilled in them. I found it rather amusing how the fact that Elvis rocked his hips back and forth caused a huge uproar in the way people thought this was immoral. According to the Alan Bloom rock music allowed sexuality and the soul’s “primitive and primary speech� to come into public view (p. 71). Because Elvis pushed the edge of sexuality he attained a huge following in the younger population. The Beatles on the other hand changed the way men were expected to act. Their long hair and music pushed the boundaries of what was the norm of men in this time period. Both Elvis and the Beatles changed the younger population of this era and of what was expected from them at this time. They shaped the lives of millions of teenagers as well as the future of music as we knew it.

Tom Lulic - Elvis/Beatles/Dylan

Elvis and the Beatles certainly were loved and well known for their appearence and ability to influence people based soley on how they looked. It seems as though, through the film for this week, that Bob Dylan relied heavily on amazing lyrical talent. Dylan arguably had a less attractive image than both Elvis and the Beatles however all three were extremely popular. I believe this is due to each groups respective audience especially when they emerged into the rock n' roll light. The Beatles and Elvis attracted more women and young girls whereas Dylan was rooted and started in a folk music atmosphere. He didn't need to be incredibly sexy to maintain success. His audience appreciated his music for its meaning and not for how he tried to sell it. This is seen when Dylan meets and discusses music with John Lennon and how both of their musical styles are slightly altered shortly thereafter. John Lennon and the Beatles begin to write and compose more "meaningful" songs and Dylan incorporates more of a flashy and instrumentally talented depiction of his music. This way of being motivated to "look good" in music is shown well in this Walter Benjamin quote, " Moviemaking transformed the history of art because in moviemaking the undeniable centrality of the machine, the camera, in the production of movies, transformed the way humans and things interacted to produced art." I believe Dylan's sexuality therefore plays less of a role in comparison to Elvis and the Beatles in their impact as musicians.

The Beatles > Sex Ed. -- Chris Hansen

As a young student, it is somewhat hard to reflect on what parents were thinking about music that was being written and played 40 years ago. In today's age, with the advent of the internet and shortly thereafter, internet porn (the latest data is one in every four internet searches in porn related) among other things, sexually explicit music is no longer a major issue in our country. Interestingly enough, a major issue today is teaching Sexual Education in public schools. I am sure many students are familiar with the D.A.R.E. program. An extensive research study was done involving D.A.R.E. graduates, and students who did not receive the program, and the results showed a significantly higher rate of drug usage amongst D.A.R.E. students. The most common explanation is that D.A.R.E. simply exposed kids to drugs they would have otherwise been unaware of. I wonder if a similar trend is happening with sex ed., so my proposition is to replace all sexual education programs with extended listening sessions of the Beatles. I do not feel that their music was very sexual at all, just small bits of innuendo and lots of innocent sweet talk. Later on, their lyrics did become more explicit (McCartney says he believes the expression "I want to turn you on" [or something similar] was first used in "A Day in the Life," written by the Beatles), but during the initial Beatlemania, there was nothing vulgar in their lyrics.

It was obvious that Bob Dylan was much more of a lyricist who also happened to sing, while acts such as the Beatles and Elvis were singers (or performers, as their acts centered around more than just the music itself) who also happened to write songs. I find the Beatles fascinating because, although they are the most successful band of all time, there are very few "top ten" lists that include members of the Beatles when it comes to best voice or best guitar player. Their music was so successful because of their great harmony and their persona, and that is something that is no longer present amongst modern bands, and why another band such as the Beatles will never come.

-Chris Hansen

Sex and reason in rock - Dreyer

Bloom expounds on the dangers of rock music in the education of the young, how its sexual connotations bring about a young person's first sensual experience, subsequently spoiling all further experiences in life. While Bloom's viewpoint at times makes him seem to be writing in the 50's not the 80's, he draws some interesting parallels between youth development and sex. This is especially interesting when it is extrapolated to the history of major rock artists on America's social consciousness not just the effect of rock on one young person. Elvis was the seed and his work influenced all rock that came after. Here sexuality, his gyrating hips, was first seen as an intricate part of his sound. The music of Elvis was only one facet of the tidal wave of popularity he rode on, his looks, and his sex appeal also played a major part. This marriage between the sexual yearning of fans was deepened to the nth degree when the Beatles came to America and were embraced by screaming hordes of young girls. The example set by Elvis, i.e. screaming, emotional fans is enhanced in American culture by Beatlemania. The culture's first exposure to the sensuality of his hips produced his screaming fans which lead to the fainting, rioting girls of Beatlemania. With Dylan, however, this activism grew up and became socially aware. Instead of rioting for love, his music's message taught them to challenge inequalities and right wrongs. So the first sensual, sexual music experience of the populace grew and gradually became more powerful finding its release not in the orgiastic delight of Beatlemania but in the reasoned protests of Dylan's 1960's generation.

History of Rock 'n' Roll- Ashley Bergman

Music in the sixties was something different from anything that had preceded. It was sexier, original, more political and was about what was really happening out there in the world. Bob Dylan criticized hugely popular Beatles because he said their songs didn't say anything. Musicians were prized based on their differences more than their talent-- Bob Dylan couldn't really sing and he wrote lyrics that meant something, the Beatles had the hair and the British accents, and Elvis swiveled his hips. All the biggest stars of the sixties were original, fresh, and different in some way. Undoubtedly these guys were bigger than big and brought the music industry to a new level of importance. But why?

Is it a coincidence that Beatlemania got out of hand just months after John F. Kennedy was assasinated? With the Kennedy administration came idealism and vigor, and a goal to get America moving again. His youth and passion were things the younger generations could relate to and they did indeed get the country going again. Politically he was breaking rules left and right. So when such a unique, influential, and innovative figure gets taken away without warning, what does the country do? They definitely don't turn to drab and unrelatable Lyndon B. Johnson. Instead they find the same idealism and passion and lack of rules in rock 'n' roll music. The Beatles were definitely a talented band later on but at the beginning they were nothing significant-- most of their earlier songs are forgettable-- they were simply in the right place at the right time with their moptops and exciting new sound.

Eventually the music fused with politics thanks to Bob Dylan and contemporaries to more completely fill the void left by Kennedy's death and since music has never been the same.

"The Scream" - Alec Charais

While watching the History of Rock and Roll in class, the question that kept coming to mind was "who is getting the scream, today?" Many groups since Elvis, The Beatles, and Dylan have come and gone that have been extemely successful in their time, whether it be measured by their popularity, their record sales, or number of Grammys. While Michael Jackson, Prince, Madonna, and even more recent fads such as Britney Spears, Justin Timberlake, and Miley Cyrus have had influence over their audiences, their impact on mass culture does not come close to the revolutions of Elvis, The Beatles, or Dylan.

Elvis created his "screams" by changing the way whites acted about music. As discussed in the History of Rock and Roll, Elvis' music brought the white European and black African cultures together. His appearance undoubtedly played a major role in how his audiences responded to his music. The idea that using your body as such an obvious tool for sexuality had been unheard of, but was nevertheless here to stay.

The arrival of the Beatles to America was unlike any other phenomenon in American music, and for that matter cultural history. Barbara Ehrenreich, et al, describes the Beatlemania craze as an intensity that "surpassed all previous outbreaks of star-centered hysteria" (525). Whereas Elvis created this stir with his stage performance, The Beatles image was fueled by television. I can only imagine what the coverage of The Beatles arrival would have been like in todays 24/7 media. Perhaps this is a reason we don't hear "the scream" like it was in the past, the unlimited access to today's celebrity has diluted it.

I had no idea the impact Dylan had on music until we watched the film in class. He was willing to push the boundaries unlike any artist ever known, and was a major influence on the voice that music had in the world. Telling Lennon that his music had "nothing to say" inspired Lennon to write more meaningful lyrics is one example of the impact Dylan had. I think Dylan's "scream" is that his influence on music gave a new voice to artists to explore topics in a way that still exists today.

History of Rock and Roll-Jackie Claypool

During the 1950’s a new type of music emerged that would change the way people played music and the way people acted throughout their everyday life. In The Closing of the American Mind reading, it talks about how classical music was “popular� among middle-class families “partly because they liked it, [and] partly because they thought it was good for the kids.� All this changed during the 1960’s when rock and roll began to emerge. Rock and roll became so popular because it “spoke� to the younger generation a lot better than classical music ever could. It allowed young adults to begin to move away from their parent’s music and find their own.
In class we talked about how at first the whole idea of rock and roll didn’t sit so well with the older generation of that time. They thought that it was the music of the devil and that “teenagers + rock music = sex.� When you look back at all of this from today’s perspective, the fact that people were so worried about a new type of music seems so funny, but the fact of the matter is, is that people were very afraid that rock music was going to bring destruction to the younger generation. When Elvis first appeared during the 1960’s people were so outraged with the way that he moved his hips that they only showed him from the waist up on TV. People thought that Elvis’s swiveling hips would cause the younger generation to suddenly become sex machines.
I think that the whole idea of rock and roll allowed people to become more outspoken and unreserved. It provided the younger generation with the opportunity to express their opinions on certain issues. Without it, I think that life would be so much different than it is today.

Brian Andreen Music and Culture

In class we had the quote which stated “rock music + young people = sex�. This statement is comical, yet I believe that the writers of this statement would believe that they were correct with their predictions. Since the time in which this statement was written their have been huge changes in sexual promiscuity and a decrease of general morals in the United States. It is amazing to see how in the last forty years how morals have changed. As we saw in the movie in class it was considered extremely indecent to show the gyration Elvis’s hips on television, and doing so caused extreme outrage in much of the public. Now it would be almost to find any movie rated anything higher than PG which did not show more than this.
Another interesting aspect was how each musician’s image played a huge role in the development of their identity. For Elvis he pushed the edge of sexuality and as such gained a huge following in the young community. The Beatles changed the image of how men should act. Their long hair and music was a huge change to what was considered the norm in the current times. Both the Beatles and Elvis pushed the boundaries on sexual morality and in a way started the beginning the conversion of the United States from a conservative nation to a far more liberal one.
Each musician had a unique stile which was fresh and original which defined their music from their competition. The revolutionary musicians did not try to fit in and follow the trend in how music was made, but instead made their music off the beaten path how they wanted to according to their own liking.
Changes in the music types were enough to make the older generation not be accepting of them. In a way I believe this was a huge contribution to these new forms of music being such a huge success. Parents un-willingness to accept the changes in music, made the new types of music a perfect way for children and adolescents to rebel and have music of their own. Another reason the new types of music was so well accepted is well stated in Beatlemania: A sexually defiant subculture. The paper has the statement that young girls were not to be only good and pure, but to enforcers of this purity within their society. These new music provided an opportunity for a change in this culture, allowing the young women to act in a much less restrained manner toward the music stars without rebuttal from their piers. This started a shift, as they were no longer forced to act so pure and innocent in this setting, it provided an opening for them to be less inhibited in other settings as well.

Jeff Tow Arnett

After Anthony Arrigo lecture on Wednesday I had a déjà vu of what Anthony said about music during Elvis, The Beatles and Bob Dylan era. I know my parents have said that the music I listen to is just noise and garbage, that there is no substance to it. That reminds me very much of what the parents of this time period would have said about Elvis, The Beatles and Bob Dylan. This seems to be a phenomenon in the music industry like rap music today challenging social differences. Rock and roll has become what it is today because of the Beatles, Elvis and Bob Dylan. Rock and roll changed the ideology and individuality of young people all over the nation in the 1960s. With so many things happening at this time with the post war era, baby boomers, technology and American becoming a consumption society, teenagers grew fond of consuming this new rock and roll music albums. According to the Alan Bloom rock music allowed sexuality and the soul’s “primitive and primary speech� to come into public view (p. 71). Elvis and The Beatles brought sexuality to their style of music through Elvis swing his hips and The Beatles European charm with their long hair. Liked we talked about in class what it meant to be a women, women were supposed to portray a sense of purity but at the same time be sexy to attract a future husband. Both Elvis and The Beatles created this sexual tension and obsession with younger women and the younger men wanted to be like them. Elvis success was not that he was necessarily putting out new music, but Elvis made it acceptable for white folks to listen to that type of music. Elvis opened the door of rhythm, blues and gospel for white folks, and that’s what makes Elvis one of the top Rock and Roll legends. Bob Dylan didn’t use sexuality as much as Elvis and The Beatles, but Dylan used his lyrics to spread a message to the multitudes of fans. It is in teenage nature to rebel, the younger generation just wants freedom and they find small amounts of it by finding their own style through music. Each generation is trying not to be like the last generation, they want to find and form their own individuality just like in class there will never be a next Michael Jordan promote individuality.

Elvis, Beatles, & Dylan - David Belair

Call me weird, but I never really got any of these performers. I enjoy a few songs of each, Hurricane by Dylan, A Little Less Conversation by Elvis (among a few others), and A Day in the Life by the Beattles are a few of my favorite all time songs. However, as a whole these groups don't crack anywhere near my top ten. I have to say that I found some new respect and admiration for the Beattles and Dylan while watching the History of Rock-n-Roll clips, I was more aware of Elvis' history and found most of it old hat. I enjoyed the parts about Dylan turning his fans off with his switch from acoustic to electric guitar. It seemed that his message and the depth of his music didn't waiver, but because he found more satisfaction from the electric guitar he was a sell out. The most memorable part of the movie for me was when they chronicled how Dylan and Lennon each aided in the changing of each other music styles, especially when Lennon basically changed the tennor of the Beattles because Dylan said their music didn't have a message. For some reason this just amazed me.

I am still amazed everytime I see footage of the Beatles and Elvis. How can girls get that carried away, that hysterical, just because of a musician. The 50's and 60's seemed an odd time in this respect. I understand the whole rebellion thing, where kids try to listen to new things. Sometimes because its really good, which was mostly the case with the Beattles and Elvis, but also just to tick their parents off. The chicken little effect by the older generation, where Elvis and the Beattles were going to be the end of civilization, and the crying and fainting by the teenage girls, its all too much to believe. I don't seem to rember the carziness in generations after the 60's. There was still rebellion (I listened to all the metal hair bands in the 80's, which my parents hated) in later generations, but I don't ever remember anything close to the hysteria generated by the bands of the 50's and 60's.

Dylan, who came after the Elvis/Beatles hysteria, came at a time when the US was in more of a retrospective period. With the killing of both Kennedy's, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King, and the start of the Vietnam war, the later part of the sixties bred a counter-culture of resistance. Musicians began to gear their songs to the politics of the day. Their music had more of a message and the teens that followed their music wanted to listen to the message more than they cared about the looks and sexuality of the musicians. Dylan wasn't the best looking guy, but I don't think it would have mattered. I think the frivolous hysteria of the 50's and early sixties had been passed. As noted above, even the Beatles began to make more of an effort to make a difference with their music in their later recordings.

I enjoyed watching the History of Rock-n-Roll immensely. Even though the bands that we watched are not my favorites, I enjoy learning anything about history. Much of the things in the movie were new to me, which made watching it both entertaining and informative. I was previously aware that the Stones, the Beatles and other British bands got much of their influences by American Blues and Gospel. I didn't realize Elvis was considered to have stolen his music from other rhythm and blues singers. Even though Ray Charles and some other blacks made it big, I imagine that Elvis was able to capitalize on this music the most because of his good looks and "coolness". I guess anything to bring the music to the masses is a good thing, its too bad though that he wasn't more original like the Beattles and the Stones were. Good watching once again.

Cameron Lee

In the time from WWII to the time the three rock titans came out, women had developed a new sense of place in the mainstream culture. Now with new found freedom they were able to express themselves in new ways and put their attention onto something new and different. I think that the monotony of their lifestyles before this time lead them to seek something that was different and exotic. People from all times have sought out, in particular, something new and exotic because it really is different from what they are use to. The coming of these new musicians had that profound impact upon the female populous of America that the exotic does on someone who is bored. These bands had a completely new style and didn't care about what the adults thought. Elvis may have tried to reconcile with the older people of America but it would seem he was the only one. Everyone else was content with the massive following they had, until it may have become too much for even them to handle. The fact that these new bands were embraced so readily by the young culture showed that they were ready for a change to their lives and they didn't agree with what their parents said.

"Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan" - Marc Dunham

There are certainly differences in the importance that the Beatles and Elvis placed on their sexuality as opposed to Bob Dylan. For both the Beatles and Elvis Presley, image played a huge role, and that is apparent by the legacy that they have left on the music industry. In the same way that hair gel, white, sequined jump suits, and sunglasses have become symbolic of Elvis, one glance at a man in a suit with a mop-top haircut springs “Here Comes the Sun� to memory. Although Dylan also had a signature look, with his messed hair and sunglasses, he was less of a showman during performances. Part of this was no doubt due to the folk style music that he played, as stage presence was less of a focal point than the literal message of the music. With pop and rock music, as the Beatles and Elvis leaned toward, stage presence and stage performance is closely tied to the musical and lyrical content of the songs. Because they chose to play music with more seductive and sexual content, they chose appropriate images to match. I think that this tie to sexuality in both image and musical content really did help to break down much of the sexual conservatism at play at the time. This primarily affected women, who were expected to be very sexually reserved. Being the target of the sexual content from the male performers, women were encouraged to express themselves more freely. This sense of freedom likely was a root attraction for many women that came to call themselves fans of the Beatles and Elvis Presley.

Rock N Roll - Alexander Culverwell

At the beginning of the Rock N Roll era everything was changing in the music industry. The change was very drastic and was mainly due to “Beatlemania�. Ehrenreich describes the hysteria of the woman during “Beatlemania� as “uprising of women’s sexual revolution� (Ehrenreich, 524). It was after a time in WWII where woman had gained a lot more independence. The woman showed this independence at the time when the Beatles arrived on the scene. Ehrenreich says, “…a girl who might never have contemplated shoplifting could assault a policeman with her fists, squirm under police barricades and otherwise invite a disorderly conduct.� (Ehrenreich, 526-527).
The sexuality of the times had changed. These were brought on heavily by the Beatles, Bob Dylan and Elvis. The Beatles had there long hair cuts, their English accents and sense of humor. Their hair was completely different to the short military styles that were the fashion of the time in the USA. Bob Dylan showed the rebellion of the times, with his music that was different and extremely unique. It was a style that turned heads and was not always initially accepted. This was mirrored in the rebellion and changing times of the woman in society. Elvis was an extremely sexual individual with the swinging of the hips. All three of these idols were not initially accepted by the entire American public to begin with, but were accepted with open arms by the young woman of the time, which is why it was such an important time in the history of music and history overall.

John Erck's "Elvis, The Beatles, & Dylan" reflections...

Wally and Stark suggested that rebellion was a prime reason for the success of Elvis and the Beatles. I agree with this statement. What I think is most important to note about the rebellion is that in my opinion it was fueled primarily by women. During the 1960s women began to express themselves more openly. This openness to more fully expressing themselves translated into a culture that was more open to talking about sex. Bands such as the Beatles and the Rolling Stones capitalized on this movement. Not only did the Beatles and the Rolling Stones capitalize on the "new openness" to sex and sexual expression, they actually fueled it. It ended up being a cycle that fed itself and ultimately turned into a cultural phenomenon. The more people who jumped on the bandwagon of rebellion, the more acceptable it became and in turn more people joined. Bands such as the Beatles, Rolling Stones, and Elvis were more or less a reflection of the way people felt rather than the cause of the movement. It's my opinion that these bands were such huge successes because they sang about and acted in the same way that society felt. The sexual movement was the fuel and the bands of the time were the fire.

Jackie Robak

Sexuality of Elvis and the Beatles and even the Rolling Stones can be seen just from their appearance. Elvis brought sexuality by his provocative hip movements. The Beatles were sexy because they were different; their hair was long, they had a certain humor about them, and their music breached a whole new level. Elvis and the Beatles were good looking, so it’s easy to understand why the women were obsessed with them. However the Stones I think started the Rock N’ Roll theory: any guy with a guitar is good looking. If you look at them, they are not good looking. A girl in the film even called them ugly. So why did girls go crazy over them. They were the bad-ass band of that time. Their music was less pop than the Beatles and their lyrics were strait forward. They made the Beatles look like the good boys and they were the bad-ass’s. Which as all guys know is attractive to women.
I think women were taken by these bands because they wanted something new. I don’t think it was because they wanted to rebel against their parents music. Look at the 50’s every thing was clean cut and resembled Pleasantville, as a women I can personally say something different would attract me. I also think that it was about independence, being able to pick your favorite band. There was the pop sound of the Beatles, blues of Elvis, and more of a rock feeling from the Stones. It was to individualize their generation, not “rebel�. Even today that generation of people is defined by the music of that time.
In forty years kids in school are only going to remember our generation by 911. Other than that we have nothing. We will not go down in history books for anything, other than the war in Iraq. This is why I think that everyone clung to the new music. It was different, it expressed how they felt, and it defined who they were.
I don’t think that Bob Dylan was less sexy than any of the other bands. Personally I think his sort of mysterious and different style of music and personality is very sexy. I just think he attracted a different crowd. It’s hard not to notice thousands of screaming girls, maybe that’s way the Beatles and the Stones were thought to be hotties. Dylan attracted a different type of crowd; his music was way different then the pop sound of the Beatles. It’s easier to notice screaming girls, but that doesn’t mean there is less appreciation.

Kendra Elm-Elvis, The Beatles, and Dylan

Sexuality was very important to the careers of Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan. Each had their own style which allowed them to develop into the successful musicians they were. When first seen on TV Elvis was disliked by most parents in America. He had a crazy voice and moved his hips all over the place; something that had never been done before. Elvis had his own style of hair and clothing and it was completely different from the musical artist before him. He used this difference to his advantage and attracted fans who wanted a taste of something different. The Beatles were similar to Elvis in that they came to the United States from London with a new style. They wore sport coats and had long hair, and when asked it they were going to get a hair cut replied, "I already did." This showed Americans that they weren't afraid to be different, in fact different was what they were going for. Both The Beatles and Elvis contributed to changing the conservativeness of America. Before them music was relatively the same, all artists had the same type of lyrics, the same type of rhythms and the same type of dress. Rock music changed all that; a change that many people were not comfortable with.

In the Bloom reading he compares the music to a drug. Saying that the the students who liked this music so much would get over their passion for it and realize it is not a great as they thought it was. This is how most parents felt at the time. They were hoping that the teenagers would not continue to listen to this type of music. I believe parents of the fifties and sixties felt the same as the parents of today. I know my parents have said that the music I listen to is just noise, and it reminds me very much of what the parents of this time period would have said about Elvis, The Beatles and Bob Dylan.

The missing link.

There is no doubt that African Americans are the ones responsible for the gift of rock and roll. They knew all along what music should feel like, but foolish American morals resulted in that wonderful gift staying within their community. Elvis was then sent forth to bring that gift to the masses. He didn't copy or plagiarize anything flat out; he merely popularized it. His success was due to his talent, good looks, and and of course his whiteness. This wasn't all that bad, for people realized how important and necessary he was and was going to be in helping rock and roll explode. The Beatles and the Rolling Stones gained immense fame for being a few of the first who took what Elvis did and expanded on it. These two bands also had their own look and routine, which is exactly what America wanted so desperately at the time. Being British and having that foreign factor work to their advantage here didn't hurt either. In conclusion, Elvis was necessary to bring great music to the masses, for the masses were too stubborn at the time to turn their ear to the sounds of the Black community and accept its genius.

Candice Dehnbostel: The Beatles, Bob Dylan and Elvis

Rock and roll has become what it is today because of the Beatles, Elvis and Bob Dylan. Socially, economically and culturally, rock and roll changed the norms and ideology of young people all over the nation in the ‘60s. Teenagers, especially, became a market for consumer goods and material wants. Albums were beginning to show a mix of rhythm and blues, rock and roll, jazz and international sounds. As discussed in class, girls were expected to walk the fine line between prim and proper and sex appeal.

Bloom suggests rock music allowed sexuality and the soul’s “primitive and primary speech� to come into public view (p. 71). Both Elvis and the Beatles brought sexuality to the forefront. Elvis promiscuously swiveled his hips on television for every kid and his or her parents to see. The Beatles, while less direct, mixed humor and charm to become the heartthrobs from across the pond. The outrageous screaming, mobbing and tears of Beatlemania proves the immense sexual tension and obsession brought on by the Fab Four. Bob Dylan did not place the same importance on sexuality. His influences, the likes of Woody Guthrie and Robert Johnson, were concerned with the messages of their songs. Dylan’s focus was on the meaning of his songs and his technical songwriting. Where the Beatles and Elvis had hoards of screaming adolescent girls as their fans, Dylan had folk singers, poets and “intellectuals� as his audience. Dylan’s musical identity was formed out of his questioning of society around him and the events he lived through.

Elvis was a huge success because he blended rhythm and blues, country and rock music. He made it okay for white kids to listen to such music. Elvis’ good looks and love songs made him popular with the girls, and his cool attitude and demeanor made him popular with the boys. The Beatles on the other hand, leaned on their perfectly formed pop songs for success. Lennon and McCartney had a natural knack for writing well-crafted songs. The four complimented each other musically. Their rebellious long hair and witty sarcasm made them perfect for interviews and press extravaganzas. Their music, though, truly set them apart from many similar British bands of the time. Dylan offered a venue for thought and challenging the establishment. His songwriting skills allowed important issues to be discussed through catchy songs.

Music - Eric Nelson

I believe there was an immense difference in the use of sexuality between Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan. First of all Elvis and his leg gyrating was a very explicit move back in the fifties and it caused great controversy. Second, The Beatles did use sexuality found in their long hair, but it was not as controversial with the parents because The Beatles were icons, the good boys that parents wanted their children to be like. Third, Bob Dylan didn’t use sexuality as much as either of the previous, rather he used his lyrics to spread a message to the multitudes of fans.

I don’t agree with the statement that, “…music can become tantamount to pornography for teenagers and impressionable kids,� because that statement is far from reasonable. Pornography purposefully evokes crude sexuality, while music is to be enjoyed as entertainment and if it does touch on sexuality it is in an artistic way.

What made Elvis a success was not that he was necessarily putting out “new� music, but rather made it acceptable for white people to listen to that type of music. He opened the door of rhythm and blues to white people, and that’s what makes him important. He did for music what Jackie Robinson did for baseball.

Women were supposed to be wholesome, but sexy and so during this time of mass confusion over what women should be like, they decided to instead rebel. It is in teenage nature to rebel there really is no great scientific explanation, kids just want freedom and they find small amounts of it by finding their own style, sound, etc…

Katherine Rivard

After arising from years of tumult from war, America was flourishing in the early 1960’s. What, then, if the country so prosperous and the turmoil of war had subsided, had brought the onset of the American revolution of the 60’s? The country began to see major changes early in the decade, when the baby boomers reached their teen years. It would be nearly impossible to narrow it down to one specific reason or cause; however, the upheaval against sexual repression is particularly prominent.
When the Beatles were introduced to American culture, they were completely different and rebellious from the expectation of young men, and teens responded with a “conformity to an imperative that overruled adult mores and even adult laws . . . [which] was the product of sexual repression� (Ehrenreich 526, 527). The standard American expectation for women was only to get married and care for her family. Around this point, however, grew a disparagement towards marriage; young women began to see the desolation of marriage, and wanted to rebel. Some women describe their reaction to the Beatles, Elvis, and other rock and roll idols as wanting the same freedoms that they had, to be “strong, sexy, and doing what you want� (535). The push towards sexual freedom seen towards rock and roll idols was an effect of rebellion against the traditional, expected American lifestyle and towards individuality and freedom.

Sex, Drugs and Rock and Roll. Jordan Swan

The sexual identity of an artist is incredible important in asserting themselves as a member of iconic personalities that have true staying power in popular culture. To foster a sexual image of one’s self is to utilize the potential of the youth masses adoration to further your own potential as a personality. In the article by Ehrenreich et al the young female following like the one that ravaged the Beatles, was inevitable and that once it was initialized in the mind of the youth it could only be stopped by age. Cultivating this type of fan following is a direct result of a distinctive and appealing sexual usually at a time of social change where individuals need someone to latch on to as a fantasy escape. This escape can be the basis for an iconic heritage for a musician or other performer. The notion of sexiness was extremely important for the success of the Beatles, the Beatles represented a kind of sexual revolution and freedom for the stifling oppressiveness of the early sixties. Parental say so was the law for young women in the sixties and parents said that sex was something that was to be ignored. Ringo, George, John, Paul embodied for these teens a way to express lust, through fits of thrusts and shrieks, like previously unavailable to them and finding an outlet albeit an outlet that is a bit out of reach

Appearance and Identity-- L Vieira

Each of the artists developed a unique identity as musical artist largely because of their appearance. As TV became more popular and enabled people to see popular icons in 3D rather than still photos, appearance became an important part of identity. For Elvis, his slick hair and clean-shaven face were essential to his being recognized as a "good boy gone bad." His dance moves were complimented by his fit body that enabled him to be an icon of the new generation. An important part of the Beatles identity was their British origin-- their bringing a joining of popular culture between the countries. They were attractive and young-- the primary reason their fan base consisted of such an enormous group was not because of unique musical talent, but rather their ability to please everyone with their appearance. Ehrenreich and Hess describe Beatlemania as "quirky and hard to explain," but their attractiveness could very clearly be a factor. Bob Dylan's "down home" appearance and laid back guitar playing made him appeal to an increasingly tense generation looking to relax. For all three of these artists, their appearance was crucial to maintaining an identity consistent with their sound.

Beatlemania and why it didn't change the modern girl-Nicole Carroll

Beatlemania, what’s that supposed to mean? Isn’t it just people adjusting with the times? As an avid Beatles lover since I’ve been 12 it’s hard to think that they really adjusted society that much by just their music. It was said in our lecture class that the formula of:

Teenagers + Rock Music= SEX, with the variable of Rock= BAD

When we suggest that rock music is bad and started with Elvis and continued with the Beatles, how could Elvis not have left a huge impression that started it all. As we look into our society today we find that 13 year olds are getting pregnant or they start drinking alcoholic beverages and doing drugs at 11, now is this considered Rapmania or Popmania? Nope, because it’s thought at conforming with the times of the younger generations. We find that instead of music influencing teens today, its suggestive pictures in advertisements, easier reach to different mediums that suggest sex and the celebrity idolizing craze. With teenage girls back in 1960’s though they found that the celebrity craze was with the Beatles or hip shaking Elvis, but couldn’t it have been the boys that helped create this conformity. It’s said in the article Beatlemania and the Sexually Defiant Consumer Subculture that teen and preteen girls were expected to be only ‘good’ and ‘pure’ but the enforcers of purity within their teen society-drawing the line for overeager boys and ostracizing girls who failed in this responsibility (Ehrenrich, 1992). In this comment they manage to distract the words overeager boys, which place this theory of girls changing sexuality of this time under research. Sure the lyrics of the rock music have referrals to bodily movements, but did they actually listen to them.

Another sequential music change that may have had a starting affect on teenagers was the Big Band era during the 20’s. Why can’t we blame the flappers of that era for bringing sexuality its change? This is why I don’t believe that just the Beatles brought the modern girls to life, I think it’s been trying to happen for a long time and during the 60’s it was in it’s prime time and still grows through society today.

Amanda Kennedy- Rock Music Review

Elvis was such a success, despite the fact that he was stealing black gospel, rhythm and blues music styles and songs, because he was the one to bring it into the while scene. He made it socially acceptable for white teenagers to listen to the music and to idolize the singer, more so than if it had been a black singer.

Teenage girls at the time became so obsessed with Elvis and the beetles because this was their time to let their sexual repressions out. According to the reading by Gloria Jacobs, “boys had sports as an outlet; girls only have their screaming and swooning…which can be seen as a release of sexual energy� As discussed in lecture, the girls at the time we supposed to be upholding this double standard of being pure and innocent, while at the same time coming off as attractive sexual women that men would want to marry.

Bands such as the beetles and the rolling stones had particular success in America because they were something new that wasn’t like the boys here. They had different accents and kept their hair different and were just this whole new experience for these teenage girls. They wanted to break free of the typical standards of their time and be more adventurous.

These music artists were also all very successful because of the general sense of revolution going around. The black rights movement was going on with the women’s movement not far behind, along with the sexual revolution that was going on. Pretty much, if the older generation didn’t like it, then the younger one did. That’s why Elvis with his provocative hip shaking was so popular with the girls.

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Oakley Tapola ROCKNROLLMOVIE

There are differences between Bob Dylan and the Beatles/Elvis in regards to their sexuality because Elvis and the Beatles appeared at time when their sexuality and their physical appearances and outwardly antiestablishment attitudes were more prevalent than the actual messages communicated within their music. While Bob Dylan still manages to appear more unique than a pop star of the time his sexuality isn’t in the forefront because his music is far more intellectual in content. Elvis and the Beatles were able to flaunt social and cultural conservatism because it was so diametrically opposed to any freedom of though, especially sexual freedom, which these musicians confronted head on. What really made Elvis a tremendous success was the fact that he was playing music that had been classically played by black artists for years and made it marketable to a white audience. He popularized a sound that was emblematic of a certain mood and style and put under a sexy visage. When it comes to bands like the Rolling Stones and the Beatles studying and recreating music in the style to musicians that had been around for years they were successful for many of the same reasons, because they were marketable, but also because they had the ability to access a certain kind of sound and sentiment that appealed to the ever broadening minds of the youth at the time. Also, a lot of it was luck. Because of all the turmoil taking place at the time, with the death of JFK and the Vietnam War taking place etc. young people were looking for a new outlook and it was a new mindset that opened up the air streams for a new type of music to match the mood. Women played such an important role because they were able to rebel in a way that they had never had the opportunity to before. Because the musicians that were making such a big difference were male it was vastly easier for women show their interest in them sexually. This was very intimidating to the established order. In a society in which a women's place is at her husband’s side she was compelled to choose whom she was attracted to. The Beatles and Elvis, because they were so publicized, were an easy choice.

Elvis, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan

The aspect most interesting to me about Elvis, The Beatles and Bob Dylan is the revolutionizing of the sexuality of the Rock-n-Roll era. It is well known that Elvis Aaron Presley played a significant role in inventing rock-n-roll. It is also known that the role of sexuality within rock-n-roll has been pivotal in the era of the 1960s. Ehrenreich, et al. explains that “in a highly sexualized society (one sociologist found that the number of explicitly sexual references in the mass media had doubled between 1950 and 1960), teen and preteen girls were expected to be not only ‘good’ and ‘pure’ but to be the enforcers of purity� (Ehrenreich, et al. 523). The term “Beatlemania� describes the hysteria that women felt toward the Beatles during the “uprising of women’s sexual revolution� (Ehrenreich, et al. 524). Although Elvis Presley was in a way the father of rock-n-roll and had women ‘swooning’ over him, the “Fab Four� inspired a different, more intense type of feeling. Although Bob Dylan was not as much of a sexual figure as Elvis and the Beatles, he was an American songwriter, whose lyrics incorporated politics, social commentary, philosophy and literary influences. Dylan played a substantial role in the culture of the 1960s. Overall, Elvis, The Beatles and Bob Dylan were all consequential figures of the late 1950s and 1960s, during a time in which sexuality was much more taboo than it is today, however the men of the time had the ability to portray this image.

-Hasti Fashandi

The heart of the sixties

I have to disagree with the readings on this topic this week. I think too much emphasis was put on gender issues with the beatles and I believe that Bob Dylan is sometimes incorrectly stated as a leader in progressive movements of that era instead of just a participant.

The rapid change in music and progressive movements during this time are a direct result of the major demographic shift called the "baby boom" and the relative economic prosperity that came after the second world war. Without either of those the sixties wouldn't have been what they were. Artists like the Beatles, Elvis and Dylan rose to fame because there were so many young people with money to buy records and watch musical artists perform on variety shows. The Beatles started out with their pop songs but then they matured their sound and blended it with blues, psychadelic and folk infulences. The Beatles kept evolving and managed to stay popular even to this day. If the beatles would have stayed sappy pop music they would have been a period phenomenon at their music not

I don't believe gender relations is all what the Liverpool band had to offer. I like the Beatles and I'm not a sexually repressed teenage girl. Although I don't like their early word as much as Revolver and on (and paticularly a fan of "Sgt. Pepper"). If one was to name something that really had an impact of gender relations in our country i'd say that the FDA approving the birth control pill in the early sixties did far more to enhance female determinism that some British singers with mop top hair-cuts. I could name probably 100 things that had more bearing on women's issues before even mentioning the beatles. Like the tie-in with the civil rights movement, the beatles had no comment on these issues. And for a group from another country this is expected.
The early music of the beatles wasn't explicitly about really anything at all, which is why I think Dylan said that their music was founded on nothing. Their music did nothing measurable to advance the feminist cause as is suggested in the articles. I've never noticed any social commentary in their music at all. I think that point has been overshadowed by the work of academics who have mercilessly picked apart their song word for word trying to prove a point. And I believe that in any body of work such as the beatles discography that if you look hard enough you'll find something you can distort to support your own social views and emotional baggage. I don't draw any distinction from the academics trying to decern meaning from the beatles than those lunatics that play the white album backwards trying to listen for satanic messages. The social effects are not quantifiable. And i think that this is because people didn't listen to the Beatles to be pursuaded or for the music to speak for them. They are just nice tunes.
I would make an exception John Lennon's solo career which was more substanitive. with songs like: "Give peace a chance" "Nobody told me" "Imagine" "Well Well Well" "Working Class hero" "Power to the People" "god" "instant karma" "I don't want to be a soldier , and I could go on and on. Those songs were really socially conscious and reminiscent of Dylan's early career.

Dylan, what can I say. He's the greatest songwriter in american history. I'll leave it at that.


Sexuality of Elvis, The Beatles, and Dylan - Anthony Zerka

Sexuality is used to heighten the careers of Elvin, The Beatles, and Bob Dylan. It is not looks that attracts the opposite sex, but their sense of style. The Beatles revolutionized the music industry with their witty humor and British accents. Their bull cuts became quite the talk when they arrived in America. It was considered unmanly I would presume as many Americans had very clean, short hair, but they started a new trend as Bruce Springsteen started to wear his hair like The Beatles even after his father became very angry at him. It was a style that represents change in American culture as many other artists started to replicate this style. Elvis became irresistible with his swaying dance moves. His moving of his legs considered mouth-watering to the girls as it created controversy with many Americans. Many believe he should have been censored for his excessive sexual moving. Bob Dylan sense of rebellion was indeed his motive as looks did not matter to him; Dylan wanted to perform his music artistically with a cigarette in his mouth dangling around and a harmonica near his mouth. He was not sexually attractive nor do I believe that Dylan was reaching for a “sex appeal� figure, but his inspirational music influenced the new generation of America. Bloom and Ehrenreich suggested that the sexuality of rock and roll hyped teen sexual frustration; the American culture suggested that the greatest gift you can give to a husband or wife is their virginity. This notion started to change as The Beatles arrived to America. The popularity of Elvis and The Beatles was indeed their disparate style. Men of America quickly started to buy wigs that were similar to The Beatles and even today, there are impersonators of Elvis walking down the street with their pointed-tipped hair and the change of their vocals. To the women, these artists created music that one can enjoy listening to. They were young, loose, cool, and still classy in their own way and that is what woman wanted to see. According to Ehrenreich and Bloom, this was a change from the typical “he man� that populated America.

'Race Music'-Elvis 's Tribute to Self by Chris Remy

“Be Yourself,� a statement that more than exemplifies what society should do. Professor Arrigo of the American studies department made direct reference to this statement at the beginning of class. Reference was made to Michael Jordan’s Nike campaigns however he eluded to the fact that this statement was expressed in a time of Rock and Roll history. Elvis Priestly was a major part of the history and his so called “race music,� would move rock and roll into the mainstream.

Elvis music was portrayed as being a staple of black culture for years before. However this still made him a tremendous success. This can be attributed to not only his skin color but the fact that his moves were more that sensational for his skin color. One of the commenter in the film “The History of Rock-n-Roll� said that he had a way with words. His way made him so successful. Another commenter said that he would just hear things and make them into songs based on other songs like his song “Hound Dog.� Elvis was not the only one that can be attributed to the history of rock-n-roll, but he definitely had a significant part in its creation. To top it all of he was being himself and than made him so successful, regardless of his gyrating hips!

February 23, 2008

Yu Katayama

This week we watched the history of rock-n-roll and we saw how the music have changed over the last decades. During this period, there were a lot of musicians which attracted a lot of people by their different and new style of music. Some of the most popular and successful musicans included Elvis, the Beatles, Rolling Stone, Bob Dylan and many others, have drawn peoply by their different styles of music. Elvis and the Beatles attracted the crowd by their new and upbeat music and Bob Dylan drew the audience with his lyrics. With these people's efforts and determination, the music industry increased their stength and its popularity. Also, I think, music business grew so fast because every artists respected and influenced each other which made lots of musicians to come up with new ideas and styles of music.
Sex symbol was also the other thing that made music popular, but some adults were offended by this. However, the younger generations, the girls, were attracted to it. When the Beatles arrived to America, all the eyes were on them. The Beatles got so popular that there were 73 millions Americans watching them on "The Ed Sullivan Show". Even though watching them on TV was a thrill for them, their main goal was to go and actually see the Beatles play at a concert. Some of the girls were so obsessed that they "exchaned Beatle magazines or cards, and gathered to speculate obsessively on the details and nuances of Beatle Life."
Even though there were some problems (ex. the Beatles saying that "They were better than Jesus") within the music industry, all the artists who lived between 1950s and 1970s, have made the artists today to come up with new ideas and styles of music to maintain its popuality.

The Beatles - Amanda Ruffalo

I definitely think that one of the main reasons the Beatles were so popular was because they were so different from what America was used to. Before the Beatles, American girls were looked upon as and supposed to be “proper and pure�. As mentioned in Ehrenrich et. al. article, “To be popular with boys and girls – to be universally attractive and still have an unblemished ‘reputation’ – a girl had to be crafty, cool, and careful. The payoff for all this effort was to end up exactly like Mom – a housewife� (528). The main achievements in a girls’ life were supposed to be focused on marriage and motherhood, there was no time for girls to just be teenagers. Needless to say, with the arrival of a music sensation, such as The Beatles, girls took this as a chance to “let loose�. Ehrenrich et. al. mentions, “Shy, subdued girls could go berserk. ‘Perky,’ ponytailed girls of the type favored by early [1960s] sitcoms could dissolve in histrionics. In quieter contemplation of their idols, girls could see defiance in the Beatles or project it onto them� (527). Girls found the Beatles as some sort of an outlet to go crazy; a release of their sexual tension. The Beatles elicited this sexual tension from teenage girls because they were so different looking as well. Their long hair was so atypical from the usual ‘crew cut’ style that America was used to. Also, their British accents made the girls go wild. It was so different and exotic than anyone has seen before. Girls were ready to let loose from the society they were “comfortable� in. It was time for a change and the Beatles were an outlet for some of that craziness.

History of Rock-n-Roll - Colleen May

In the beginning of “The History of Rock-n-Roll,� George Clinton says that “most kids hate their parent’s artists… they want to get away from that more that anything,� but the phenomena of artists like Elvis and the Beatles is the manifestation of kids wanting to get away from a lot more that just their parents’ music. Kids, particularly women, wanted to get away from their parents’ whole way of life.

“The vision of the suburban split-level, which had guided a generation of girls chastely through high school, was beginning to lose its luster� (Ehrenreich, Hess, & Jacobs, 1992). Young women and girls, exhausted of the constant struggle to “be universally attractive and still have an unblemished ‘reputation,’� were liberating themselves of “the pragmatic sexual repressions of teenage life� through their public advertising of hopeless love (Ehrenreich, Hess, & Jacobs, 1992).

A combination of things contributed the phenomena of these artists, one of the most important being their timing in history; a sexual revolution and feminism were in order. In addition, the Beatles had the advantage of arriving in America full of baby-boomer teenagers in desperate need of “the first good news� following the Kennedy assassination (Stark, 2005).

Another reason for the success was androgeny of the artists; as many girls were “still a little frightened of the idea of sex,� and it felt “safer worshipping idols who don’t seem too masculine� (Ehrenreich, Hess, & Jacobs, 1992). In addition, the Beatles caused even more hysteria than Elvis because their music was separated from the rhythm and blues rock-n-roll of “race music.� As Randall Kennedy said, it was “yet another instance of white people finding they could only identify with other white people.�

What made the hysteria so interesting and different from that of other fan worship (i.e. Frank Sinatra) was its intensity. It was so intense because it was about so much more than teenagers’ rebellion against their parents; it was an outlet for suppressed sexuality and the need to riot, the beginning of a revolution for women.

Dr.Strangelove - Katherine Lung

In the time when everyone was in fear of the possible nuclear war and nerves were running high, I can see how Dr.Strangelove might confuse the audience with its satirical comment on the government and military with its hard headed, bullet minded, but passionate and outrageous characters. It definitely wasn’t a precise portrayal of the government and military however think it was a conscious choice made by the director to do so in order to show the contrast between the human and incompetent qualities of human beings with machines and technologies that serves the purpose it was programmed for. The use of technologies sticks out in this film with constant scenes that just focused on the large mechanism that surrounded these central figures whether it was in the strategy room or cockpit of the air force plane. Ironically, all communicative devices always failed to serve their purpose except to lead all humankind to doomsday. Ie, when the R.A.F officer tried to contact President Mufflin though a public payphone, the destroyed radio on the plane that made it impossible to recall the order. Even if the use of these communicative devices were successful, it often had ridiculous conversation that just strayed the characters from their original purposes (like the conversation between the US President and the Russian Premier). Ultimately technologies can only carry on what they were programmed to, but how they are used, are up to those who are capable of logical thoughts, such as human beings.

History of Rock N' Roll - Kim Hanlon

I think that sexuality played an important role in the lives and careers of the Beatles, Elvis and Bob Dylan. They each expressed their sexuality in a little different way. The Beatles used their charming good looks and rebellious haircuts to show off themselves and who they were. Elvis used his dance moves and style to express is sexual personality and Bob Dylan used his controversial, poetic lyrics to drive is inner personality. All three of them played an important role in turning around society’s views of women and liberalizing thoughts about sexuality and human expression.
I believe that physical appearance played a role in their musical identity. I think it played more of a role in Elvis’ and the Beatles careers more so than in Bob Dylan’s. Dylan was all about his lyrics. He was a poet at heart, but found a unique way of expressing his creations to the public through folk song and later, the electric guitar.
I believe that it was easier for the Beatles to flaunt social and cultural American conservatism because they were British. They came over here as a huge hit and there was no way the U.S could not allow them to come in. They were so popular that they could do just about whatever they wanted when it came to breaking the conservative views.
Elvis was able to flaunt social and cultural American conservatism because of his looks and the uniqueness that he brought to the stage. It was the right time for change in views and beliefs and he was the one to deliver. He paved the way for other artists to be themselves and express their sexuality.
I think that music can influence young kids because their minds are not fully developed. They can make misjudgments about lyrics in songs and become confused with reality and make-believe.
Unfortunately, I believe that Elvis’ take on the popular blues song was big when he sang it was because of the color of skin. The 50s and 60s were a tough time for minorities, especially African Americans. Elvis also incorporated his controversial dance moves and charming good looks.
What helped the Beatles and Rolling Stones was in part that they were foreign, from Europe, but that they were a new, fresh sound and rebellious look that helped boost their popularity. Both bands are also very talented in what they do.
Rock n’ roll was the ‘forbidden’ language of music at the time and Elvis helped to bring the popularity to the rest of society who could not accept it and basically forced those people to accept it for what it was. He became so popular that people had to give in and accept him for his talent and creativity.
I think the baby boom rebellious idea was some validity to it. The 50s and 60s were a time of change and what better way than to change through music. It allows people to be themselves and have a good time doing it.
Women played a huge role in the cultural phenomenon of music at that time. I do not think that these bands and artists would have been as big without women; they were the majority of their fan base. Women were finally able to express themselves and their sexuality.

February 22, 2008

Rock Music - Thomas Kuppe

I think George Clinton made a good point that kids hate what was popular with the old generation and are drawn towards something different. While the previous generation was defined by economic strife and WW2 the next generation would enjoy a long period of economic success an calm, if you were white. While the assassination of Kennedy no doubt had an effect on the young of the time I have a hard time believing it had the effect that it did that would lead to the popularization of rock music. I think that the real important factor was the new sound that came with Elvis and the music of (or stolen) from black culture. A generation at the age where hormones are going wild is suddenly introduced to songs and performances of free sexuality and love making them question their supposed white suburban culture of obedience and protestant work ethics, especially the women. And if the women were suddenly attracted to this new sound and the men who embodied it, men that age too would change with them.

What I wonder about this concept of youth rebellion is how this generations children will find a musical sound that'll go against our style and will piss us off. I'm thinking a return of Motown.

The times were a changin'- Liz Eisler

There were definitely many aspects between the 1950’s-1970’s affecting the attitude of the American people. Although the United States seemed to be progressing in terms of medical research (the first organ transplant), equal rights (Rosa Parks), exedra, the assassination of JFK left society in a state of mourning. The beginning of the Beatle’s, Elvis, and Bob Dylan within the United States couldn’t have started at a better time and although there music was influential and motivational to many, others saw them as a serious threat. According to Bloom, rock and roll equaled sex, which equaled harm to the citizens of the United States. He believed that this type of music was barbaric and had a negative influence on people (especially youth), suggesting that it “has a much more powerful effect than does pornography� (Bloom, 74). Although Bloom’s ideas may seem extreme, it can clearly be seen that indeed the times were a changin’ and it was mostly occurring with young girls discovering their sexuality. Barbara Ehrenreich argues that the Beatlemania movement was the “first and most dramatic uprising in women’s sexual revolution� (Ehrenreich, 524). She further claims that girls were supposed to be good and pure, and that this movement was a threat to the society. The appearance of the Beatles allowed women to move towards forms of rioting, in which they could truly express themselves as men had been doing throughout history.

Elvis-Christina Johnston

This documentary on rock and roll was really interesting for me to watch. I’ve always been a fan of the Beatles and Bob Dylan, but I never really got into Elvis. All I knew about Elvis in my childhood was that he “died of eating too many hamburgers� according to my mother… oh, what lies children believe! I found it enlightening to learn that Elvis’ music really wasn’t anything new, as the film explored the reasons behind Elvis’ popularity among American teens, we are shown that Elvis desensitized white people to what was previously classified as ‘race music.’ Race music generally consisted of a mixture of jazz, gospel, blues, and soul. What Elvis did was copy what he saw from the racial music scene, added a lot of thrusting, and made it a little bit rock and roll. The segment even mentioned that he stole his smash hit “Hound dog� from Big Mamma who allegedly performed a slightly different version of the song in a night club. The hypocrisy in Elvis characterizing himself as this new rock and roll king-phenomenon was tainted by his lack of actual originality. At the time, however, I believe that Elvis was so successful because he catered to the young, white audience, who hadn’t really felt comfortable listening to race music.
I couldn’t help but chuckle to watch the reactions to Elvis’ gyrating hips by the members of the PTA as they looked on in horror. This is another reason why he was so popular with young kids, because their parents did not approve. The conservative trend of the Caucasian community was beginning to diversify, and the older members of this group were not quite prepared for Elvis’ hips. On the Ed Sullivan show, he was only showed from the waist up, because it made some of the conservative audience incredibly uncomfortable.


The History of Rock and Roll: Jess Doll

After watching clips of the Beatles first arrival to the United States, I now realize what one observer from Steven Spark's "The British Are Coming" experienced when he/she said, "I've never heard a sound so painful to the ear, loud and shrill. It was like standing next to a jet engine. It physically hurt," (referring to the screeches of anywhere from 4,000 to 10,000 females). The supposed "good and pure" teenage girls of the 1960s greeted the Beatles with open arm...and mouths. There seems to be multiple causes of "Beatlemania". First, roles of women were changing and advertisements were portraying a more sexual woman. Secondly, the woman's liberation movement could have inspired this craze.

Whatever the cause was, it seems to me that in the eyes of those screaming girls, the Beatles were heartthrobs first and musicians second. Whenever interviewed, the psychotic fan would merely scream how much they loved so and so. In addition, the Beatles could not even hear themselves at concerts because the screams were so loud, thus the Beatles lyrics could not have been very important to the fans.

While it seems as though the teen girls may have loved the beetles for their looks, the film" The History of Rock and Roll" proved that the Beatles were more than just a pretty face. For example, many accredited musicians recognized the Beatles for their musical accomplishments, including them as a top contributor in the history of rock and roll. Bono, a successful musician, referred to the Beatles as "A gift from God." While men walked the streets wearing Beatles wings and women fantasized about the group day and night, maybe John Lennon was not so far off base at the time when he stated (jokingly), " We are Bigger than God."

Sydney Liles

By clearly just looking at the Beatles and Elvis as compared to Bob Dylan, the sexuality differences stand out on their own. For Bob Dylan. his lyrics is what stood out for him and what got him noticed. He was different then what was out there and rebellious. While the Beatles and Elvis were rebellious, it was not necessarily there lyrics that got them noticed in the beginning. There beats were new and there look was captivating to the American public, especially the women. With this new found control of the American people, they were able to control them and find their followings in the causes that they believed in. Elvis going to war and the Beatles protesting war and Bob Dylan focused more on the politics and his lyrics because for him a love song would not reach out the same way. With Blooms argument of pornography, while I think it is a bit dramatic, it might not be that far off. With there dance moves, lyrics and general appearance, women were throwing themselves out these artists. They would scream at Elvis' hip thrusts and shaking legs. For the women they wanted more(from Elvis and the Beatles).

February 21, 2008

Why did they love them SO much? Sarah Osborne

I just have to say, I loved class this week. I think the influence of these guys in the 50’s- early 70’s is just incredible. They were doing what they wanted to do, despite what was acceptable at that time, and they really didn’t care what anyone thought. Fame wasn’t their goal, they wanted change. They were doing what Michael Jordan wrote about in the article we discussed in class, these men had individuality and the attitude of being original and not following in anyone’s footsteps, and thanks to them our world will never be the same.

Unlike the opinion of George Clinton, Walley, and Stark I think there is more to the success of the Beatles, Elvis, and Dylan than just the rebellion of teenagers in the 50-60’s. I think Tom Petty said it best in the movie when he said, “[The Beatles] gave us all an identity.� They were strong, free-spirited, and did what they felt was right. Also, as Ehrenreich, Hess, and Jacobs discuss in their article, the Beatles represented sexuality and independence, things that teenage girls weren’t supposed to reflect before, but times were changing. The teen love for these guys wasn’t just to rebel, it was seeing these characteristics in the bands that they loved, and unconsciously wanting that for themselves.

I think girls and women went crazy over Elvis and the Beatles because they each had a new, exotic look. As the film discussed, Elvis came out in his unbuttoned shirts, swinging his hips and this was new and exciting. Also, the Beatles came to America where nobody had long hair or British accents, so this was exotic and a new fantasy for women. Bob Dylan had a similar level of success as the Beatles and Elvis, but he came about it in a different way. As Petty said, “It wasn’t just ‘my baby and me’ anymore.� Dylan brought about new subject manner as he took his folk style and turned it into whatever he wanted. He sang about politics, war, being young, and other issues – not just love. He also didn’t have a showy image, he was a very cool, relaxed guy. So Dylan didn’t attract females with an exotic look or shaking his hips, but instead changed music and lyrics into true, uninhibited expression.

"The sun's not yellow, it's chicken"-Craig Smith

In the beginning of the Beatles' career, their music didn't have a lot of substance, or there "wasn't anything there" as Bob Dylan told John Lennon. It was true. The Beatles early work, such as "Love Me Do", "She Loves You", and "I Want To Hold Your Hand" were bubblegum love songs that were not very deep lyrically, although there is no doubt that they were very popular and revolutionary. When Dylan and the Beatles started to hang out, he had great influence on them. Songs like "Yesterday" and "We Can Work It Out" are early examples of Dylan's (and drug use) influence on their songwriting. They still had catchy riffs and choruses, but the lyrics became more poetic. This set the stage for the Beatles to continue their exploration to more experimental music by dropping acid, traveling to India and studying transcendental meditation, etc. Album's such as Revolver, Abbey Road, and Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band are completely different than their first albums and contain lyrics that are more poetic and more experimental music. They definitely owed their evolution into what they became to Bob Dylan.

Bob Dylan is the greatest man alive...I just wanted to get that out there. Despite his greatness, he was/is not afraid to be influenced by other artists. Dylan's first few albums are folk albums, with the focus on the lyrics and how they were sung, and much less on the musical instruments. Artists like the Beatles had an influence on him to change this, as is seen on the albums Bringing It All Back Home and Highway 61 Revisited. His lyrics remained powerful, poetic and socially conscious, but more emphasis was put on the musical instruments than was before. This is one reason why Dylan is so great, in my opinion: his ever changing persona and musical direction. The Beatles weren't the only musical artists to have influence on him. Jimi Hendrix did as well. Dylan famously liked the way Hendrix played his song "All Along the Watchtower" much better than his own way of playing it, and started to play it like Hendrix.

Bob Dylan and The Beatles will go down as the greatest and most important musicians in Rock n Roll, and were very important in the development of this country's young people in the 60's.

History of Rock-n-Roll by Sukhpal Dhillon

The appearances of Elvis, the Beatles, and Bob Dylan were critical when it came to the reception that they received from the general public. Elvis and the Beatles would be considered sex symbols of their time in comparison to Bob Dylan who was known more for his lyrical genius. Elvis with his boyish good looks, his All-American appearance just added more appeal to his gyrating dance moves. Clean cut, Elvis was able, to a certain extent help introduce music that was known more for being associated with black gospel to the white crowd.

If one were to look at the fashion sense at the time that the Beatles came to America, one would notice that the average white male would have a crew cut, be clean cut and carry a stern serious look on their face. The Beatles were just the opposite. With their moppy hair and smiling faces they were able to make thousands of girls shriek with delight. The Beatles as stated by the documentary were something completely different to the American public. By being sex symbols Elvis and early Beatle songs were more about love and affection. Bob Dylan on the other was nowhere remotely near being considered a sex symbol. With his skinny stature and curly hair Dylan was known for his exceptional folk songs more than his looks. Bob Dylan’s musical identity was much more politically motivated due to the fact that he could not really get away writing music that had romantic themes like that of Elvis and the Beatles.

I believe that due to the role of women changing in society that also gave Elvis and the Beatles wide commercial success. Women were taught to be good and pure but it seemed with advertisements and the constant reminder to be fit and trim, women needed to feel like they needed to riot; break free. I believe that the appearance that Elvis and Beatles were known for was really due to being in the right place at the right time!

The History of Rock-n-Roll

The appearances of Elvis, the Beatles, and Bob Dylan were critical when it came to the reception that they received from the general public. Elvis and the Beatles would be considered sex symbols of their time in comparison to Bob Dylan who was known more for his lyrical genius. Elvis with his boyish good looks, his All-American appearance just added more appeal to his gyrating dance moves. Clean cut, Elvis was able, to a certain extent help introduce music that was known more for being associated with black gospel to the white crowd.

If one were to look at the fashion sense at the time that the Beatles came to America, one would notice that the average white male would have a crew cut, be clean cut and carry a stern serious look on their face. The Beatles were just the opposite. With their moppy hair and smiling faces they were able to make thousands of girls shriek with delight. The Beatles as stated by the documentary were something completely different to the American public. By being sex symbols Elvis and early Beatle songs were more about love and affection. Bob Dylan on the other was nowhere remotely near being considered a sex symbol. With his skinny stature and curly hair Dylan was known for his exceptional folk songs more than his looks. Bob Dylan’s musical identity was much more politically motivated due to the fact that he could not really get away writing music that had romantic themes like that of Elvis and the Beatles.

I believe that due to the role of women changing in society that also gave Elvis and the Beatles wide commercial success. Women were taught to be good and pure but it seemed with advertisements and the constant reminder to be fit and trim, women needed to feel like they needed to riot; break free. I believe that the appearance that Elvis and Beatles were known for was really due to being in the right place at the right time!

February 20, 2008

A Case for the Rolling Stones - Patrick Fryberger

I often feel, as was obvious in class, that the Rolling Stones are somewhat discredited and left out of the brightest areas of the limelight in looking back on modern music history. They are of course mentioned, but only as the bad-boy alternative to the Beatles that would have a shortlived "golden era" and then just hung around for years upon years. Other reasons for their discredit include that early on they played second fiddle to, of course, the Beatles, who also helped jumpstart their career with Lennon/McCartney writing a song or two for Jagger/Richards, and also early on the Stones seemed to stumble after them stylistically in whichever new, innovative direction the Beatles took. The very fact that this blog assignment is deemed "Elvis, the Beatles, & Dylan" was the last straw in me utilizing this space to make a case for the "the greatest rock n' roll band in the world, the Rolling Stones," as they were often introduced by the time of their "golden era." Now, I want to clarify that I do respect and recognize the huge amount of innovation and influence these artists put forth and the timeless fanbase they received as a result of it. And it's also obvious that I'm biased by being, indeed, a Stones fan, as opposed to my rather moderate interest in Elvis, the Beatles, and Dylan. But I'm not just sticking up for the underdog here, I'm sticking up for the one who should've had to be stood up against; the one that called themselves the greatest rock n' roll band in the world and practically obliterated the psychedelic movement which they were once a part of. The one who, gathered only minimal moss and changed, at least on the surface, their music and style to fit the mass opinion in a shameless, almost business-like manner. So no, I'm not supporting the Rebel Alliance, I'm supporting the Empire, and for good reason.

First off, the Rolling Stones in fact were the bad guys, as it noted in the video. They were the band that made any parents' worries about the Beatles go right out the window and provided a new focus for bashing rock n' roll music from a conservative perspective. At first appearance, they were ugly, unhealthily skinny, and grungy, and played loud material that echoed the original round of rock n' roll that had been so risqué, whereas the Beatles simply mirrored the cultural phenomenon which was Elvis. And, in a way, their clunky beginning almost worked its way into their act, being that they were sloppy, they were behind, and they were almost always overshadowed by artists like the Beatles or Dylan. The Beatles and Dylan dived into writing their own songs first, but it was the Stones who took the lead in writing darker, dirtier material relative for the times, and it was pointlessly so--the music wasn't really politically or emotionally charged (despite what they may say), just simply a means for whoever was listening to have a good old rocking time. Even though I find the Beatles' and especially Dylan's lyrics vastly overrated, I can fully consent to the fact that they contain a whole lot more depth than the average Stones song, much in the mode of early Beatles pop-rockers. But it was because of this that the Stones were so effective--just in the same way it was said in class that the Beatles may have been the remedy for the J.F.K. tragedy--the Stones were that kind of outlet. After some time the psychedelic movement came on, led most predominantly by the Beatles and Jimi Hendrix and others, and of course the Stones came clunking after. At this time they released what I would say are some great albums but which many seem to agree are very poor, so I'll just roll with it for purposes of staying somewhat neutral. The Rolling Stones were falling behind, to say the least, in their popularity and music. This is when the ‘second-fiddle’ nature seemed most apparent, through their soft-pop and then psychedelic album releases that seemed strangely reminiscent of the Beatles. Because this could be argued as their all-time low (I assure you they got much lower), the Stones, in their proper ‘rolling’ fashion, switched gears in a way that would forever change their image and music. They reverted back to their roots, and created, or perfected, modern rock n’ roll. What I mean by that is this: for seemingly anything in popular culture, there is a beginning, there is an apex, and obviously a downfall. Elvis almost inarguably was the beginning of rock n’ roll, and the Rolling Stones were the apex, much in the way that The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly was for the Western, or Terminator 2 for the action movie. They took the cumulated expanse of blues, of country, of soul, of folk, of gospel, and of course rock n’ roll, and molded it into something that no one had ever heard before, not even Elvis. This manifested itself in their aforementioned "golden era," and kicked off with the release of "Jumpin' Jack Flash." Rising from the darkness, the Stones burst onto to the scene with hard-boiled guitar riffs and a sound of vast, robust confidence ripping through straggly, weathered lyrics. Even listening to it today, you can hear its timeless fusion of multiple genres coming together in what is just simply one helluva song. This was just the beginning as the Stones went on to release four albums that brought a new definition to rock n' roll and pretty much shaped it forever. As the Rolling Stones told the world to Let it Bleed the Beatles told them to Let it Be and Bob Dylan began his gradual descent into obscurity. Of course there were a myriad of other popular artists, but the Stones had seized power and taken over, even going so far to claim themselves "the greatest rock n' roll band in the world." They more or less effectively killed the psychedelic movement with the ejection of guitarist Brian Jones from the band, who would soon afterward die in typically mysterious rock n' roll fashion, and then at Altamont, where the hard-rocking Stones paired with the Hells Angels in a despondent, epic breakdown of hippie optimism. I like to joke that the Beatles called it quits in the face of the newly all-powerful Stones and just simply couldn't hang with the best, but of course it's a matter of opinion. Either way, the bad boys had won, and I say for the better. They had carved a new trajectory in the history of rock n' roll, one that was deep and filled with innovation and influence much like the Beatles and Dylan. But unlike those two, the Stones had an even further grasp of music history with the inclusion of the Beatles, Dylan, Hendrix, the Doors, Led Zeppelin, the Who and so on, and, regardless of any 'who's first' argument, they made the most of it, and packed a bigger punch as a result. I could go on and on to their trashy highs and trashy lows and even a trashy breakup, and then the leveling out of their modern music and so on and so on and just lots of wonderful trash (even their part in the video was awkwardly trashy, but it made me smile), but I won't; I've been long-winded enough. Nevertheless, the purpose of all this is not only to show how I feel about the Stones' music, but also their place in history, and the immense impact of songs like "Gimme Shelter" or "Street Fighting Man" had upon the general populace and culture as a whole. In other words, the Stones did matter, and for better or worse, they always will.

Elvis, the Beatles, and Dylan's influences on young women (Katie Kunik)

The idea of the younger generation only liking what their parents hate is a large reason for the success of Elvis and the early Beatles. The sexuality of the singers played a large part in the disapproval by parents of this music, as well as their fear for change. In “The History of Rock and Roll� DVD, the idea of the artist doing something unique was the key to success. This is what made singers like Elvis, Dylan, and the Beatles so huge. They all started out playing mostly covers of other bands, but they each did something to tweak the music, or at least to change the way the music was performed to make it their own.

Along with the changing roles of women in the 1950s and 1960s, and a society on the verge of a sexual revolution, much of the fan base for Elvis and the Beatles belonged to the young females. The sexual hinting Elvis provided with his hip gyration made the young girls flock to him. In Barbara Ehrenreich’s article, she says of the Beatlemania movement that it was the “first and most dramatic uprising in women’s sexual revolution� (524). The Beatles sang songs like “Please Please Me� with an obvious sexual undertone. These sexual messages made it impossible for them to be accepted by the adults of society, which in turn made it impossible for the younger generation not to like them. The irony of this idea of going against the grain was that it became very conformist.

I think this is why women had a different response toward folk singer, Bob Dylan. His voice was certainly not as appealing as the Beatles’ or Elvis’, which may have turned off the young females. His songs were also much more political than Elvis’ or early Beatles’ songs, which was too much the young conforming females to grasp. Dylan himself appealed more to the bohemian crowd, although his songs were very widely known, and many of them were covered by other artists. This led the way into a cultural rebellion when so many other musical artists announced Dylan’s anti war messages through their own versions of his songs during the Vietnam War era.

February 19, 2008

Trying Again - Even if it's too late

After seeing Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb I recommended it to other people. I thought the film was fantastic. Without this class I may never have seen or even heard of this movie. But to the point…

Two aspects of the story line stuck out for me. The first was the ridiculous characters (and their names) we got to learn about. It was impossible to not laugh at these authority figures that often had the quote “Peace is our Profession� as a background. From General Jack Ripper’s obsession with bodily fluids to the obscene amounts of gum chewed by General “Buck� Turgidson and the comical conversations, in particular between President Merkin Muffley and Soviet Permier Dmitri Kissoff, the character development never ceased to amaze me! I agreed with Burgess completely when he wrote that “the ones who effectively blow up the world are shown not as incompetents or villains but as lovable lunatics, and when the fireballs unfold in the final frames and the girl begins to sing ‘We’ll Meet Again’ the picture has allied itself with their lunacy, leaving the viewer all by himself with no place to stand.� When the movie ended I was at a loss for words. There was no resolution after these men had tried to overcome their technological “boo-boo.�

This leads into the second aspect of the movie that really got my attention… The role of technology. Although these men were supposed to be our brilliant leaders, even they couldn’t figure out a way to outsmart the very machines and procedures they had created. As Dr. Strangelove put it, they had figured out ways to “rule out human meddling.� In a less amusing way of viewing this aspect of the film, it depicts that our society doesn’t have a firm understanding over the very technologies that we depend on for safety.

Monica Weir

February 18, 2008

reproduction; Dr. Strangelove -- Dillon Aretz

In Dr. Strangelove, Gen. Ripper personifies the judgment we are able to make over time. That is, while his assumption that fluoridation--because it began in 1946--was the work of the Soviets seems ludicrous now, at the time it may not have been as crazy. As we went over in class, the Red Scare of the fifties prompted people to be suspicious of their neighbors (in case they were commies), their professors (because all professors were commies), and everyone else. In this type of society, it is easy to see how something as precious as water might be used as a weapon. It is in this mental warfare; this eye of suspicion, that the cold war truly took shape. There were no battles directly between the US and the USSR; rather, the paranoia and constant race ("we must not allow a mine-shaft gap!") to stay above the other side technologically became overwhelming. The erratic behavior and decidedly dangerous decision of Gen. Ripper shows the effect the Cold War had on people-- even if his fear of water was only imagined.

February 17, 2008

Dr. Strangelove- Brenna Munoz

The movie Dr. Strangelove embraces a unique use of satire to portray the real life hysteria surrounding the Cold War on a less serious level. The idea of some taking offense to this movie is hypocrisy. The movie is packed full of humor and clever jokes that poke fun at the most realistic events and current political matters dominating that particular period of time. The current fears and idiotic illusions that filled the minds of many during this time are quite deserving of a satirical point of view and the movie Dr. Strangelove fulfills this need quite accurately. For example, the constant reference to sexual jokes, such as the scene of Kong straddling the atomic bomb, implies that this crazy fear of nuclear war is dominated by a desire to obtain some sort of testosterone driven manliness. This constant reference, which is found frequently throughout the movie, suggests that this race between the U.S. and Russia is revolved around the obsession of typical meatheads obtaining an imaginary status of power or strength. In totality, the intent of the movie is to mock the fears of a crazed society during the Cold War. The movie’s humor and satirical disposition is so close to reality, done in such a hilarious manner most would find it impossible not to laugh or at least crack a smile.

Dr. Strangelove- Melissa Colbert

My first impression of Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb was how well Stanley Kubrick created a film that was lighthearted as well as serious on a subject that was very controversial for its time. The fear of nuclear devastation after World War II created an atmosphere of suspicion, with everyone prepared and waiting for the “bomb� to drop. Kubrick’s film portrays a worst case scenario in which humans fall victim to the machines of destruction they have created. I agree with Jackson Burgess’ assertion that, in the movie, the machines “…are the villains, but in the images of the film there are the repeated juxtapositions of Man-sloppy, incompetent, unreliable, but full of hope and courage-and Machine-beautiful, functional, absolutely reliable. but mindless and heartless� (pg. 9, The "Anti-Militarism" of Stanley Kubrick). A human (General Ripper) was the one who ordered an unfounded attack on Russia as a result of some psychotic disorder (showing the fallibility of the human brain), and the “Doomsday Machine� did exactly as it was created to do, strike fear and release total destruction (showing the reliability of machines).

The matter of nuclear war was and still is a serious one; however, Dr. Strangelove made it a rather blithe one, leaning far away from reality and more towards the outlandish and humorous. I feel that the film was not taken seriously because no one wanted to acknowledge the fact that they could live in such uncertainty and powerlessness, even the politicians, who we as Americans put our trust in, were powerless. Also, in spite of the very tragic end of the movie, there was a sense of optimism with “We’ll Meet Again� playing in the background as the bomb went off. Even though Dr. Strangelove became more of an uncomfortable joke than a potential reality, I feel that its humor was what made it such a success.

Dr. Strangelove commentary by Jenna Johnson

Stanley Kubrick described that using “black comedy� was the best way to tell “Dr. Strangelove� and the “things you laugh at the most are really the heart of the paradoxical postures that make nuclear war possible,� and I believe that this is the only way his story could have succeeded. If this were a serious film, I believe it would invoke more fear than necessary in US citizens at the time about the possibility of nuclear war, and further raise anti-Communist paranoia. As the Maland article describes, Kubrick’s film “uses nightmare comedy to satirize four dimensions of the Cold War consensus,� which I believe is the only way Americans would still be have been sane after seeing on film examples of “the problem of accidental nuclear war� and what “blind faith modern man places in technological progress.� Kubrick’s satirical strategy lessens the seriousness of the enormity of actual nuclear war, through both the storyline and the “lovable� lunacy of the characters. Yet this effect is advantageous in some respect, as it informally plants an awareness of nuclear war in viewer’s minds.
“Dr. Strangelove� is accused of “making mincemeat of the military mind� in the Burgess article. Such an accusation probably means that certain critics of the film “just didn’t get it,� or they just don’t response to satire well. The film may unfairly portray the military on the surface, but it is all in the satirical sense and adds to Kubrick’s nightmare comedy effect in order to convey his point. In some sense, the serious side of this film is falsely the “buffoons� of the military, possibly for the purpose of adding to the detraction from the seriousness of nuclear war.

Reflection of Dr. Strangelove. By Thanh Diep Truong

In my opinion, Dr. Strangelove did portray the military unfailrly. This was clearly seen the the scenes on the ariplane flying to Russia. One of the pilot was reading playboy while controling the plane, the other one was eating and drinking. Then they made it sound like the soldiers were usually "horsing" around on the air. The captain even wasn't wearing his uniform; he had on a cowboy hat instead of his captain hat. When the U.S. military being portrayed as too relaxing and lack of disciplines, I felt that was really unfair for the soldiers of the country. I think at any given times, the one out in the front lines should be respected and honored. When they were portrayed such as lackers and undisciplined group of people, their honored and pride were somehow taken away, more or less. I think Kubrick should had focus all the humor on the government instead, not the military men, making them look not so well trained in the public's eyes.
Except for those humors on the military, I think the humors from the scenes of the meeting room and the rest were good. I believe they did get the points across. Everyone should relax, don't worry too much about the nuclear war. Everything is ok, the bombs are not that big of a deal. One of the best piece in the movie when there was shooting at the office, and right at the scene where the shooting was happening, on the back ground was a giant sign "Peace is Our Profession". I found that funny and significiant. It was like a way of saying the government can do anything to bring peace to the country, they can shoot, fight, kill, or even use the nuclear bomb to keep the peace. I think the movie brought its message across clearly and loudly. Even when a nuclear bomb is dropped, everything would be fine like before. Recall the scene when the men on the plane received code for plan R, which is to attack Russia. They were getting ready to reach there target and drop the nuclear bomb, the captain and every men on board were so relaxed and the captain himself said something like "After this thing is over, you will get some kind of promotion". No one in the movie seemed to take it seriously. Right after the plane received the code for plan R, the captain called the general on land to comfirm, but he didn't bother to take the call and let his secretary lover answer it instead. When he was in the meeting with the president, his secretary even called and they talked informally like the meeting was going on. Moreover, one of the most important pieces in the film is the conversations between the President of the U.S. and the President of Russia. They were always chatting like old time buddies and they knew each other really well. They were portrayed as if they were just having a small little fight and it could be over tommorow. I thought those were halarious scenes, and the points were brought across pretty well.

Dr. Strangelove - Alicia Bjork

In the movie Dr. Strangelove there are some flawless technologies and some extremely flawed technologies. The technologies that fail always seem to be the ones that need humans to operate them. Human fallibility is the reason for the failure of many of the machines when they are needed the most: Mandrake doesn't have enough change to place a call to the president, and the men who were sent to get Jack D. Ripper on the phone blew out the phone lines in the gun fire. The technologies that fail are mainly communication based, indicating that the country, or world's inability to communicate is what eventually will cause it's destruction, along with nuclear weapons. While these technologies fail, others succeed flawlessly. The doomsday device is set off. This device was created by humans but functions completely on it's own, removing the possibility of human error. No hero can come to the rescue and disarm the bomb because it was created to be completely independent of humans. The one technology that requires humans to use it and does work is the hydrogen bomb. Even with this example there is a lack of communication as Major King Kong is dropped with the bomb. He while not very quick, is well trained and able to open the doors without communication or help from anyone else. The use of technology in these movie gets to the point that technology and a lack of communication in war, or war in general leads to unnecessary deaths and mass destruction.

Dr. Strangelove Reflection

I think the portrayal of the soldiers was a bit over the top but I think it was necessary to be so extreme to add to the overall satire of the piece. I think the many different military characters in the movie helped to show some of the ridiculous ideas about the war. Of course I do not think anyone who has not been a part of the battlefield would not get it but this was the director’s way of showing that we were waiting for nothing. The way the soldiers acted when they were patrolling around in the airplanes shows that there was nothing for them to do. They were waiting around for nothing to happen. These soldiers were fine people just doing their duty but the base commander and the General were nuts. Now I also do not think that is what the military is like but these characters were there to show how outrageously stupid this war was.
As far as General Ripper and Cornel Kong are concerned, I do not believe they were loveable characters. General Ripper was a nut case. The fact that he sent the United States into war just shows how crazy he was. Then when the other base came to get the code, he told his men to fight. He pinned American against American. He thought that the few lives that would be lost there would benefit the greater good of American. I thought his character was disgusting. Even his name suggests that of Jack the Ripper, a murder and lunatic (Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus). As for Cornel Kong, he was not loveable but at least he added some comic relief. He did a good job of at least portraying some reality to the military. He was a smart leader who did a great job on his mission. He may have been somewhat crazy but he loved his country and was willing to have fun defending it. I think these to characters show important ideas within our society at the time. General Ripper represents the people who think that communists are everywhere and that they are taking us over any way they can. As for Cornel Kong, he represents those in our society that are willing to die for our country and place trust in our duty as Americans. Grant Flatgard

Nicole Carroll's response to Dr. Strangelove

As a comedy film lover I thought that Stanley Kubrick’s, Dr. Strangelove: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and The Love Bomb, was a genius idea. I found this film to be as loved as Knocked Up, because it is quite hysterical in its own way. As known back then, many people thought that world was coming to an end during the time of the Cold War. This is what created such a vigorous plot of for Kubrick to work from. I find that only back in the time of the Cold War could this movie have been made. If a director such as Kubrick tried to recreate it in present day he would have missed the sarcasm that lies within the Cold War era. It would have lost its black and white filming to color and many over used technological effects. Yes, this movie may not appeal to our generation today, but this is why it is used as a historical part of our pop culture era. It’s important for us to see these kind of films, so we know every once an awhile that our movies today aren’t anywhere near the affect that past films have left.

One scene that got a laugh out of me was the part where the Texan (Slim Pickens) and the Colonel (Kenan Wynn) behaved outrageously funny when the Alert Force ordered to drop the bomb. Kubrick was a genius to cast these two actors in these roles. He also masterminds the ability of using human to see themselves with many flawed characteristics as the society emerges with technological advances. This is shown throughout the movies as the technological advances of the missiles cannot be stopped, because they are stupified as to how they turn them around. This can be related to our technological advances today as well. We are found that as we gain more knowledge on technology, we also get ignorant as to what can happen. For example, internet bullying, fake profiling, murders through websites that are "selling" products, stalking, and much more.

Dr. Strangelove

In Stanley Kubrick’s Dr. Strangelove, Kubrick uses satire to portray a society who has “delivered their environment into the hands of totally amoral technological Science and their decisions…to gamesmen aspiring through amorality to Science� (Burgess 8). Kubrick uses character portrayals to reference the idea that mankind’s hearts, brains and souls have been completely mechanized. For example, Kubrick’s portrayal of General Jack Ripper is that of a man who has stopped all rational (human) thinking and begun thinking like a machine. General Ripper’s theory that the communists of Russia are attempting to contaminate the “precious bodily fluids� of the American people through water, ice cream (“children’s ice cream�), etc. is nearly void of logical human thinking. Kubrick’s portrayal of Dr. Strangelove himself also follows the belief that mankind has become too mechanized. Dr. Strangelove is in a mechanized wheelchair and the function of his right arm is completely dependent upon machines. His right arm continuously gives the Nazi solute, not because Strangelove was or is a Nazi, but rather because that is what the machine is programmed to give. Dr. Strangelove uses satire and wit to portray the idea that mankind has ceased to reason with their hearts and minds, and started to reason with machines.

Ian R. Bell

Morals vs. Machines - by Jon Marshalla

The opinion that Dr. Strangelove unfairly portrays the military and those who might be strong on national defense as "buffoons," undoubtedly fails to realize the true message of this film. First and foremost, it is a dark, satirical comedy, and the incompetency of the high up military officials is designed to be humorous and to satire the sometimes outlandish statements made by advocates of the nuclear arms race who feared the "missile gap."

In my opinion, the real focus of the film is to contrast the "inadequacies" of humans with the lack of morals in machines. In Burgess' article, he states that "War, whatever else it may be, is still the area in which public morality is most terribly and most dramatically tested." Kubrik uses the war setting to effectively portray what happens when a strictly "rational" and "logical" approach to war is taken while disregarding human morality. Through the comedy and the satire, Kubrik established how he saw the world heading towards an almost comical reality. As Burgess also stated, the film portrays men who claim to be moral that are leaving their environment in "the hands of totally amoral Science and their decisions (the very stuff of morality) to gamesmen aspiring through amorality to Science." It represents a vicious circle that leads to a less moral world dominated by "inhuman and passionless machines." Thus, in contrast to those who think that Dr. Strangelove is meant to mock militarists, it expresses the superiority of human fallibility over amoral machines.

Dr. Strangelove set us up the bomb, Dominic Nemmers

The film Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, is a clever satirical piece about nuclear war and the absurd circumstances surrounding it. Much technology seems to pervade the films action, from the “big screen� depicting the locations of the planes which are attacking Russia, to the B-52 bombers delivering the atomic bombs to their final destinations to the bombs themselves. This movie tends to portray technology as a thing which can be used for either good or evil, but it shows the way it can be used for evil being much more successful than the attempts to stop those evil acts. I think it shows this dichotomy to show that no matter how far we have come as a society technologically, nothing is as foolproof as it seems. The methods of delivering evil, such as the B-52’s ability to still function after being hit by an anti-aircraft missile serves as an example of really turning what we think of as “good� and “evil� things on their head. I believe the portrayal of the military by this movie is a fair one, albeit a bit too humorous for my taste. The character of “Gen. 'Buck' Turgidson� played by George C. Scott I thought stole the show. He showed an amazing acting ability and very witty comic timing. The character he portrayed however, I felt was a bit unfair to the military as a whole. He was ready to throw away the lives of many people based on just a hunch that it might save some American lives when I don’t believe the actual people in command would act so hastily. I do agree that many of the villains in this movie are portrayed more as a “lovable lunatic� than villains, but I think that serves the purpose of trying to really humanize them. It is far easier to hate a villain who is out and out evil, while you have to at least attempt to rationalize the behavior of a man who is acting for his country, as in the example of General Ripper. I think that Kubrick’s use of a “Black Comedy� to portray nuclear war as a thinking point to the world is an effective and enjoyable one.

Dr. Strangelove - Meghan Frank

Dr. Strangelove shows how a series of outrageous events managed by renegade and inept leaders can lead to the destruction of the world. I do not think the movie unfairly portrays the military. Dr. Strangelove uses over the top and outrageous characters and scenarios to convey its message - that the arms race and nuclear war will destroy our society.

General Ripper is shown as a psychotic renegade that majorly oversteps his authority when he orders the attacks on Russia. He brings his entire unit into his own paranoia by telling them to attack anyone who tries to enter the base, saying "shoot first and ask questions later." The president was the most rational character but was completely ineffective in implementing a solution. He was making useless small talk with the Russian Premier while nuclear war was under way.

The point of Dr. Strangelove is to show the ridiculous path our society was following during the cold war. The characters were intentionally exaggerated. Those who felt the military was unfairly portrayed did not see the movie for what it was - a satiric commentary on the state of our nation.

Hubert Tuazon: Dr. Strangelove

The movie Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop worrying and Love the Bomb was an ok movie. I didn't find it as entertaing as the other movies we watch thus far. Reflecting on the movie and how technology plays a huge role in our society is depicted through this movie. During the cold war era and up until now, technology has affected society. The possiblity of using technology to gain power still exudes in countries today. Using technology as a form of threat. Think of all those the innocent people who were afraid of dying because of bombs dropping in. At the time of the cold war the same kind of fear is felt. At the same time technolgy to our society means advancement. We are able to save lives because of new advances in technology in the healthcare/surgical field. The point is, technology, good or bad seems to be it has the same effect. Technology to society is depenedent to humans, animals, technolgy gives us hope and at the same time causes us fear. Technology makes us happy or sad/regretful. Advances in technology will continue for us to have these kind of feelings.

Dr. Strangelove and Human Imperfection

The satirical nature of the film may lead people to believe that its intent is to mock the war hawks and pro-military leaders, but it can be argued that Kubrick was meaning to establish an comparison between man and machine to show the fallibility of human kind. Throughout the film the machines were dependable, and were not at fault for any part of the catastrophe that was unleashed. Anytime there were problems or flaws, it was always the part of people. The technology worked just as it should, but the entire national defense plan left the final responsibility for success in the hands of an imperfect master- people. Kubrick showed the “lovable lunatics,� as stated by Burgess, to be doing what they believed was right, whether it helped or hindered their intended cause. General Ripper believed he was doing the just thing by starting an offensive against Russia, without knowing he was triggering the destruction of mankind. It was a clear demonstration of the fallacy of mankind, fighting through life on the basis of his beliefs and convictions, regardless of whether they are true or right. Buck Turgidson was convinced that the “Commies� were trying to trick him, and refused to cooperate in an attempt to save the world. Every character is acting on their convictions with the best intentions, but end up going nowhere. The movie shows us that people are a faulty machine, capable of mistakes and misguided passion, but “also capable of hope and courage� (Burgess). In the end, the only plan that is carried out perfectly, and without the obstacles human emotion or decision, is the ultimate destruction of the world by the machine.

Alex Schreiner

Chris' Dr. Nihilism

My reading of the t he film Dr. Strangelove was that it is a statement about powerholders in Cold War America and the citizenry. THe film creates the impression in its viewers that the power holders, and the citizenry who are supposed to keep them in check, are infantilized, decadent, and that is dangerous for the world during the cold war and is irresponsible on part of those in power :Americans.
There are several points in the story where men in power are shown indulging in pubescent curiosities. First, The pilot of the jet carrying a nuclear bomb is shown looking at a Playboy magazine and eating. Later on the same plane, a man opens a safe with several envelopes marked "top secret" and pasted to the inside door are several pictures of women in bikinis. One of the presidents advisors is in a relationship with a woman in her early twenties who is clearly intended to be a sex object. During a meeting with the president's cabinet the same advisor's girlfiend calls and he tells her "I can't talk to you baby. I deeply respect you as a human being." This is not the activity of mature leaders who have a sense of urgency and duty during a time of crisis and is highly representative of the decay of adult maturity into an adolescent ideology for those in power and it couldn't have come at a worse time.
The characters in the stoy are very small minded, even anti-intellectual. General Jack Ripper tells a colleague "today war is too important to be left to politicians. They have neither the time, the training, nor the inclination for strategic thought." What he is saying is that there is no more room for diplomacy but he hasn't proved anything. He is just talking directly out of his ideology as a military man. Also, the American president calls the Russian president or Czar and has a ridiculously petty bourgeios housewife like conversation. "I'm glad you are fine. I'm fine too. I'm glad we are both fine." The examples in the film of those in power being small minded are supposed to remind us that our elected official are not above being idiots. That has proven deadly. Although if that's not clear now, it may never be!
The men in power are also created to be unscrupulous, and so is the public. For instance, when the presidential advisor's mistress calls him during the meeting, no one seems to notice. Not even the President! When the American President chats with "Alexi" some kind of Russian ambassador I think, he is informed about a nuclear weapon that is designed to detonate itself including if someone ever tries to disarm it. Exclaiming about the idea being mad he questions why they would ever build such a device. The ambassador tells him "there are of course those of us who fought against it, but in the end we couldn't catch up with the cost of the arms race, the space race, adn the peace race. At the same time our people grumbled for more nylons and washing machines." It is no irony that those who fought against a device being built were not successful because of material distractions. It is as such even today with demonstrations or lack there of. During the film the idea that the publiic forcing the government never enters the picture. That in itself is highly indicative too of an unscrupulous public. The theme is indicative that in our AMerican democracy there is a significant deterioration occuring in our willingness to see ourselves and our situation in a critical light in order to make smart choices.


small minded, unscrupulous, and adolescent.

Colin McGuire: Dr. Strangelove

Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb was a highly entertaining piece of media. It was a perfect mixture of a serious matter that needed to be addressed to the public and comedy. The most enjoyable parts of the film for me was the conversation between The Presidents about being sorry and when the pilot “rode� the atomic bomb to its destination. The use of black or “nightmare� comedy in the movie was a great way to address the very real possibility of a nuclear war between the super powers without scaring the audience. The quote, “black humor is pitched at the breaking point where moral anguish explodes into a mixture of comedy and terror, where things are so bad you might as well laugh� by Charles Maland in “Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus� sums it all up for this movie. The audience is able to come to a realization of how possible and horrific a nuclear war could be, but is able to take it on easily through the use of the black comedy. Dr. Strangelove worked in the manner of effectively getting its point across, but with a few knee slaps of laughter. On the same note, this film would not have worked as a serious drama. If the film had strictly been on the nuclear war subject, its high possibilities, and devastating effects, it would have merely frightened the public into a panic. The nightmare comedy was effective and the audience was still able to understand the seriousness of the nuclear situation.

Ned Rupp: My thoughts on Dr. Strangelove

“Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb� is a “black comedy� which satirizes the exaggerated fears of nuclear war that paralyzed America in the 1960’s. I don’t think the movie could have been released at a more ideal time. Less than two years after the Cuban missile crisis caused a wave of panic throughout America “Strangelove� was released. It was for the most part a kind of relief for all of the paranoia that the nuclear war was causing; it was the first time that the situation was presented in a comedic (albeit dark) and not-so serious manner. I think the general population found that it lessened some of their fears of the war because of how non-chalantly the issue was portrayed. On the other hand it was a blow to politicians and the upper echelon of the military because of the way that Kubrick presented those characters in the movie. Jack Ripper, a psychotic United States Air Force General, orders a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union because of the delusions he has of the Soviet’s plan to impurify the bodily fluids of the American people with fluoridated water (he believed that it was the Soviet’s who caused his impotence). The reason behind his need to bomb the Soviet’s is so ridiculous that you can’t help but laugh. This is one of the ways that Kubrick slips comedy into the movie. Ripper is also usually filmed at odd, close angles and uses odd facial expressions which add a bit to his supposed insanity. Another character who has odd mannerisms is Air Force General Buck Turgidson. His way of speech, combined with his excessive gum chewing, makes him seen quite mentally unstable as well. His comment about being in superior strategic position and attacking the Soviet’s, thus destroying 90% of their missiles, and only having “10 to 20 million American casualties… tops� is also a funny, but sad line, because I feel like some generals actually look at war in that way. President Merkin Muffley invites the Soviet Ambassador to the United States war room, and gives him strategy on how to shoot down his own American planes which are on their way to bomb his country. What president would do that? I mean really. I could go on about the other characters in the movie, but I think you get the idea. Dr. Strangelove is a brilliant piece of political satire which will probably remain atop that category for quite some time.

Dr. Strangelove? -- Chris Hansen

Was anyone else thoroughly bored by this movie? Skimming the last couple of posts, there seems to be something going on within this movie that I simply did not catch on to. The movie had its moments, but ultimately, comedies are ineffective (in my opinion of course) when it comes to critiquing something as subjective as governmental policies. As a class, we viewed this movie already knowing it was a dark comedy attempting to satirize and poke fun (and ultimately critique) the government. Therefore, why bother with the comedy part? Anyone who views this movie strictly for enjoyment purposes will not think twice about the underlying meanings, and anyone who views it to study its critique doesn't need it to be a comedy, because we aren't necessarily interested in the humor. It reminds me of the book "Animal Farm," which I am sure many of you are familiar with. I first read this book when I was very young, and did not understand its deeper intention as a critique of Soviet Russia. I simply found it a good and enjoyable book. Once I was told it was a parallel to the old Soviet government, I had to go back and read the book again because it required an entirely different frame of mind to analyze it as a satire. George Orwell was able to succeed in writing a book that was both enjoyable and meaningful (consider it an anomaly), while Dr. Strangelove falls short on both counts, as it is neither extremely funny nor extremely influential in its message. Films and shows involving bumbling idiots is a common genre (The Three Stooges, Family Guy, Hot Shots!), and just because these bumbling idiots are cast as leaders of the two most powerful nations in the world does not suddenly make this film a political satire. I feel Stanley Kubrick may have tried to draw more significance out of this movie than there actually is, and while there are certainly some good points to be made about government policies, this movie makes none.
-Chris Hansen

Martine Schroeder, Dr. Strangelove

The film “Dr. Strangelove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb� was a lot different than I was expecting it to be. I was expecting the film to be more old-school, slap-stick funny and very clean with little dirty humor. However, the film used dark, mocking, and sarcastic humor and it even made use of some sexual jokes and references. I do think that the seriousness of the subject of nuclear war was downplayed through the use of humor. The film did make light of the subject of nuclear war, but I think that this was a good way to handle this particular situation.

At this point in America’s history the whole country was terrified of nuclear war. Making the whole situation seem a bit less critical through comedy aided in easing peoples fears. If this film was a serious drama about nuclear war I think that it would have only added to the fright and tension that Americans had about a potential nuclear war.

When watching something more serious and realistic it is easy for a person to put themselves in that situation and get scared, and when something is being mocked and not taken seriously it is not as scary in peoples minds and lightens the situation. So by creating a film that was making light of such a serious subject helped people to not think so seriously and intensely about nuclear war.

Although this film was not one of my favorites to watch, I think it did a good job of making light of a very serious situation and potentially took away some of the tensions people were feeling.

Alexander Culverwell- Dr Srangelove

I thought the film Dr Strangelove was a very good film that made a joke of the military being incapable to defend the United States effectively and a very serious event of dropping the first nuclear bombs on the world. I also believe that the film shows how effective technology is used in the military.
The best example of the film making a joke out of the military is in the telephone conversation between the President of the U.S. and the Russian President, Demitry. The importance of the call is essential to the well-being of an entire nation, however in the film it is portrayed as friendly conversation between friends who would rather talk about who is sorrier than talk about the situation in hand. Also Demitry being drunk at that moment in time makes it even more comical, as one of the world’s most important decisions is going to be made by a drunken man. Other aspects that make the military look like a joke is when one of the men is talking on the phone with his girl rather than trying to save world war three from starting.
Technology is used as a vital part of the film. The use of technology, especially technology of communication is used in making extremely important decisions for the world’s safety. Maland makes this point in “Nightmare comedy and the ideology of liberal consensus when he states that Kubrick, the director of the film, “develops his attitude toward technology in Dr. Strangelove by making use of …machines of communication� (pp. 711). The technology in the film is not as reliable as it is in today’s world. This is shown by the plane that dropped the bomb managed to escape the radar of both the Russian and the U.S. militaries. Another example would be when the military man was unable to contact the President because he did not have any money for the pay phone.
In conclusion, the film makes very good points about the military and the technology that they use communication technology in particular. Maland make these points in his article, especially the point about technology and how it is so important.

Dr. Strangelove - Jeff Batts

This was my first time viewing the movie. I really enjoyed it, as it was nothing that I was expecting. From the readings, I would have guessed that most the movie took place in the war room. I was pleasantly surprised to find it switching focus from the military base, to the plane, to the war room. Also, I was slightly taken aback by Dr. Strangelove's surprisingly minimal role in the movie, especially since the movie was name after him. Also, it's now nice to place a movie to the scene where the atomic bomb is ridden to the ground, especially after seeing something similar on the Simpsons, knowing it's a parody, and not knowing what it was a parody of.

I can understand why Dr. Strangelove wasn't necessarily a box office smash, as stated in the blog assignment. I feel that movies of that type aren't necessarily seen as important films. By 'of that type' I mean movies dealing with the Cold War being produced during the Cold War. I can see why the public didn't necessarily herald a movie with a negative outcome about a very real issue at the time. However, now knowing the outcome of the Cold War, we look back on Dr. Strangelove as being a great example of a Cold War satire. Likewise, in an attempt (perhaps fruitlessly) to make a comparison to a contemporary film, should the global warming issue have a major effect on the earth, perhaps we will look back on 'The Day After Tomorrow' as a Hollywood benchmark on global warming. I should probably feel ashamed for comparing Dr. Strangelove to The Day After Tomorrow.

I think the main reasons Dr. Strangelove has been able to find acclaim 40+ years after its release are the characters in the film. I really enjoyed all the stereotypes (is that bad?) portrayed. There was Mandrake, the British who was seemed sort of feminine; Ripper, the general who just wanted to kill Russians; De Sadesky, the Russian who took every opportunity to spy on the US...The Charles Maland article (on page 10) pointed out an interesting bit that I definitely would have missed on the film. The main characters who were against the attack were President Muffley and Mandrake, which have female sexual connotations. Meanwhile, all the other characters were about as aggressive as you could get, calling for the US to cripple Russia with nukes.

All this has led to the survival of Dr. Strangelove as a classic from the Cold War. I wonder if it would still be considered so good if the Cold War resulted in a global nuclear war. I would guess that people would find it to be making light of such a horrible tragedy, and the movie would be more condemned than lauded. However, seeing as things turned out relatively okay, I think it's good to be able to view a film that takes a lighthearted, satirical outlook on the whole situation.

Jeff Batts

Dr. Strangelove-Katrina Heikes

Dr. Strangelove was a pretty good film in my mind. I found it interesting how Kubrick turned a serious matter, like the cold war, into a comedy. I enjoyed how Kubrick did this, because I like comedies and I feel as if the majority of the population would choose a comedy over a serious drama film to go see. And since this film was a very popular one of its time, I think most people agreed with me. I thought that technology definetly had a role in this film. Communication was portreyed very strongly throughout the film. I found it interesting how when Mandrake is trying to get a hold of the President but can't because he doesn't have anough money for the pay phone. This would never happen in our day, since mostly everyone has a cell phone. Overall I thought this film was very interesting to watch and it portreys the military very well and the use of technology, especially communication very good as well. I can see why this film was so popular and considered an important film.

Dr. Strangelove Reflections- Melissa Green

In Burgess' film review, he notes the "curiosity" in the portrayal of the generals as being "lovable lunatics" rather than incompetent or villainous. While it could be construed that this was used by Kubrick to enhance the comic effect (which it in fact did), I believe that the choice goes deeper than that. We as a society have always loved eccentrics (Take Seinfeld's Kramer for example). I think that we tend towards these buffoonish types because they allow for a vicarious release from the social rules that we are expected to follow. As long as they don't stray too far from the expected rules (as in talking to oneself), we view them almost as childlike- laughing at their foibles but not really holding them accountable. I think it reflects a desire in all of us for escape. Given the time and the context when the movie was made, the need for escapism in the face of the nuclear threat must have been great. I believe this sort of desire for lovable lunatics has continued today with the war on terror. George W. Bush has long cultivated a persona of likable incompetence, which had for quite some time worked in garnering favor and support. Unfortunately for us, instead of seeking an eccentric in film, we have found one in real life.

Cameron White

This week’s film Dr. Strangelove was a great film. The reasoning for this is how the director, Stanley Kubrick was able to take a very serious issue, in this case being the Cold War and making it somewhat funny.
In the film Dr. Strangelove technology played a large role through out the entire film. I believe that it is portrayed in a sense that without it we would not be able to defend our country and not have world power. It is very apparent that the use of communication from a technological perspective is very important to our society in being triumphant. In present society communication is extremely efficient because of past technological advancements that have helped pave the way for big and better creations. In the reading “Kubrick develops an attitude toward technology in Dr. Strangelove by making use of both machines of destructions and machines of communication� (p. 710). An example of this is how Kubrick emphasizes the importance of communication and if not used properly can result in death. In the reading it talks about Kubrick’s world view, “modern man has made scientific and technological advances inconceivable to previous generations but lacks the wisdom wither to perceive how the new gadgetry might be used in constructive ways or, more fundamentally, to ask whether the “advance� might cause more harm than good� (p. 701). An example of ineffectively using technology through the use of communication is when Mandrake tries to call the President after hearing about the supposed recall code. He tries to get in touch with the President, but he does not have enough money to call him at a pay phone. In today’s society that would never have been an issue because most people have cell phones, which are virtually always reliable.
The film Dr. Strangelove was a movie that portrayed how technological advancements are always being developed for the greater good of society, but if not used properly can do more harm than good.

Dr. Strangelove - Chimezie Ononenyi

Dr. Strangelove is undoubtedly a movie that depicts the phobia that people had over the cold war. It was a time during which technology in the military was booming. It seemed as though there was a competition amongst different countries to own the biggest and the most damaging explosives. Even though such technology advancements was still at its birth, Americans were highly horrified by the thought of it being used by the communists. Politicians helped to fuel this anxiety, which then modified a concrete purpose to become less hesitant to applying a nuclear attack if there was a slight need for it.

Reliance over the use of technology has definitely made it possible to advance on many aspects on the way of living. However depending on technology especially when there has not been a safe certainty of its use presents major consequences. Even though technology was there to represent the development and aspiring new ways of warfare, the movie showed the up and downside of its reliance. Phone lines worked all the time, but it did not work when it came down to the fact that aborting the General Ripper’s attack codes relied on a simple phone notification. To make matters even worse, there was not other alternative to reaching the bombers; thereby depicting that technology can in-fact harm the ones that rely on its use. Aside from a simple phone glitch, every other technology seemed to be perfectly reliable.

Some may say that the military was improperly characterized while some may disagree. I think the movie used a good illustration of the military in getting the message across. It was a time that nuclear weapon was new and as in other aspects, people usually get excited about new things. General Ripper, knowing that he needed an authorization from the president to send the “Code R�, his obsession of the nuclear weapon idea made him ignore the needed authorization. Upon acknowledging the message, Major Kong became very eager to accomplish the mission after a little doubt that the ‘go’ code was actually real. He was so excited that he left the plane with the bomb in other to ensure that it went through. I think that he military in this movie represented the minds of American popular belief. People may say that such method used to portray the military was unfair, but there was not a better way to depict a national obsession for cold war especially when the top political heads were not hesitant to strike with a nuclear weapon.

I think that Kubrick made a good decision to use black comedy in getting the message across because knowing that the time the movie was made, the idea nuclear weapon and its possible usage anywhere would do nothing but fuel the already existing cold war anxiety. The comedy strategy also worked because it makes the film more acceptable to public. Majority of people that see movies only go for the fun of it. They do not sit and analyze the movie or think in depth about why certain actions were depicted because that is when it starts to go down the sensitive part.

Like any other great movie, it took some time to understand more in-depth how much Dr. Strangelove tells about the American obsession over the cold war. Kubrick made the right move in choosing to use a black aspect, and the movie overall tells a tale of the consequences of total reliance on technology especially when there isn’t any second or even third back-up plan in the event it fails its purpose.

Dr. Strangelove: Matt Morosky

I think one of the most important issues to discuss when reviewing this film is that it is completely relevant in the world we live in today. It is a dark comedy, but the issues in the film are as serious as they can be. The technologies used in the film speak wonders about the current lack of human communication and knowledge on the possible effects of the weapons we have collectively created. My favorite scene is when Peter Sellers as the President calls the head of Russia to tell him what is going on. I feel that the use of the telephone makes it both hilarious and haunting at the same time. The technology is just shown as our creation that has become far too advanced for our lack of competence.
I think the film plays on cliches of both the military and the diplomats. George C. Scott is a very gung ho, pro-conflict kind of person while the President is far more concerned with his image and approval ratings. To say it is unfair to the entire military as a whole wouldn't be fair, because it does show the one rogue officer who creates this whole problem. I do find it interesting that he was American while the british officer was sensible and against what the American was doing. This could be a shot by Kubrick at the way he feels the American military is being run. As far as critics not getting it, I'm not quite sure I get it. I just know that the characters all seem to be walking cliches of what may have already been assumed by the outside world.
I do believe they're loveable lunatics and I think that is done by Kubrick to really force us the audience to take a look at ourselves and really , honestly look at how ridiculous we've become in terms of war and conquest. I think it says that we're in over our heads and that our creations will ultimately run us.
I find this type of storytelling very useful, just look at the daily show or other satirical programs...there is humor, but the issues are of great importance and nobody looks at them lightly, we just use humor as a way of dealing with issues that would otherwise keep us in tears 24/7. I believe that the final shots of the film are frightening and anyone who doesn't see that it is highly anti-Nuclear war is not really reading between the lines.

Dr. Strangelove- Justin Kaplan

I think that the portrayal of the military in Dr. Strangelove’s was very unfair and biased. I believe that Kubrick intentionally satirized the intentions made by the military leaders at the time. He was trying to show the stupidity of military leaders with their "callous disregard for other human lives, and their own lust for power" (Malland 702). Turgidson was a perfect example of this when he showed how he could care less about the number of people that were killed. He also showed his selfishness when he later talked about the ration of women to men in the shelters. I think that this movie really gave the people and unfair and untrue look of what really goes on and behind the scenes of the war room. They mocked and made fun of many situations when in reality it was a very crucial and important time. I think that Kubrick used black comedy throughout this film to sort of enlighten people and not show how serious and scary "war" really is. I believe that this sub-genre of comedy was a new thing at the time and was really a risky thing to do. I don't believe that it was a huge hit when it came out in the 60's because this was such a new idea and many people didn't really agree with it. Now a days, people are much more accepting and are willing to view this movie in a more light-hearted way. In “Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus�, Charles Maland suggests that '"black humor is pitched at the breaking point where moral anguish explodes into a mixture of comedy and terror, where things are so bad you might as well laugh, and I believe this totally explains the way it is used in this movie. Kubrick also uses technology in the film to show how important it is in defending the country. Maland emphasizes that Kubrick shows a fascination for machines and “develops his attitude toward technology in Dr. Strangelove by making use of both machines of destruction and machines of communication� (pp. 711). All of this shows that our country relies largely on communication and this is an extremely important part of the technology used in the war. All in all I felt that this was a pretty good film but I just think that its use of black comedy was way ahead of its time period and the people did not get a good feel of what the movie was really trying to do. This is why I think that it is now viewed as one of the best U.S. films of the 60's.

Reflection of Dr. Strangelove.

In my opinion, Dr. Strangelove did portray the military unfailrly. This was clearly seen the the scenes on the ariplane flying to Russia. One of the pilot was reading playboy while controling the plane, the other one was eating and drinking. Then they made it sound like the soldiers were usually "horsing" around on the air. The captain even wasn't wearing his uniform; he had on a cowboy hat instead of his captain hat. When the U.S. military being portrayed as tos relaxing and lack of disciplines, I felt that was really unfair for the soldiers of the country. I think at any given times, the one out in the front lines should be respected and honored. When they were portrayed such as lackers and undisciplined group of people, their honored and pride were somehow taken away, more or less. I think Kubrick should had focus all the humor on the government instead, not the military men, making them look not so well trained in the public's eyes.
Except for those humors on the military, I think the humors from the scenes of the meeting room and the rest were good. I believe they did get the points across. Everyone should relax, don't worry too much about the nuclear war. Everything is ok, the bombs are not that big of a deal. One of the best piece in the movie when there was shooting at the office, and right at the scene where the shooting was happening, on the back ground was a giant sign "Peace is Our Profession". I found that funny and significiant. It was like a way of saying the government can do anything to bring peace to the country, they can shoot, fight, kill, or even use the nuclear bomb to keep the peace. I think the movie brought its message across clearly and loudly. Even when a nuclear bomb is dropped, everything would be fine like before. Recall the scene when the men on the plane received code for plan R, which is to attack Russia. They were getting ready to reach there target and drop the nuclear bomb, the captain and every men on board were so relaxed and the captain himself said something like "After this thing is over, you will get some kind of promotion". No one in the movie seemed to take it seriously. Right after the plane received the code for plan R, the captain called the general on land to comfirm, but he didn't bother to take the call and let his secretary lover answer it instead. When he was in the meeting with the president, his secretary even called and they talked informally like the meeting was going on. Moreover, one of the most important pieces in the film is the conversations between the President of the U.S. and the President of Russia. They were always chatting like old time buddies and they knew each other really well. They were portrayed as if they were just having a small little fight and it could be over tommorow. I thought those were halarious scenes, and the points were brought across pretty well.

Lauren Kolsum on Dr. Strangelove

Dr Strangelove is a well made dark comedy, with the insane characters being what makes the film so effective. They demonstrate how military officials act in war sitsuations to the extreme, the very extreme. Dr. Strangelove definitely made its point as a dark comedy, I do not think it would have done well as a serious film. The Americans have the most over the top protrayal including general Ripper and General Turgetson, you give them a little power and the run off with it, blowing it out of proportion. It is like they believe blowing everything up and shooting everyone down is the most sensible option. The overdramatization is what makes Dr. Strangelove a dark comedy. I recall General Ripper announcing to his men "Shoot first and ask questions later," this theme of trusting no one plays throughout the film. My point is also reinforced when he whips out his machine gun from a golf bag and shoots from his office like a madman. General Turgetson protrays a typical ego driven American with his agressive violent nature that presents itself under the extreme pressure of Plan R. He wants to strike with nuclear bombs and has no problem that "10-20 million people tops" would die in the process. It would be a small sacrifice to pay to save the American way of life. "Bat Guano" is also one to take his position both too far and too seriously. While he will shoot to kill people at the drop of a hat he hesitates to shoot a Cocacola machine for 55 cents, saying its private property! He does not trust Mandrake and won't listen to his reasoning as if he sees Mandrake as inhumane. All he does is follow orders, no questions asked "Don't try any preversions or I'll blow your head off." Yet another comedic character is the hysterical Dimitri, the phone conversations between Dimitri and the president are both ineffective and unprofessional. The president clams his call to be friendly with the basic message being that the US mistakenly ordered planes to attack his country, Woops! It was obviously just a small slip up, no biggie.
While all these characters are definitely crazy, they are also hilarious in their rigidity and stubborness. The humor comes from their over the top personas, they are lovable lunatics. They are effected so entirely by their ego and militant position that they are blind to any other way of thinking. General Ripper has some far fetched theories on our precious bodily fluids and he seems to be the only one that knows what the hell he is talking about. Turgetson is also pretty spastic and overreactive to be a general, who are usually composed individuals who think things through. Guano's tendancy to act on orders like a robot, unaffected by emotion is an overdramatization of the sodiers of war. The characters are who they are, unchangeable stubborn individuals that make the movie what it is. A great, timeless satirical film.

Joe Ross on Dr. Strangelove

Stanley Kubrik's attack on the "red scare" through his film "Dr. Strangelove" is done in a way which allows the viewer crack a smile while thinking about the shortcomings of our government. In the movie, the big players of the government and military are shown as incompetent baboons incapable of making a worthwhile decision. However, Kubrik goes so over the top with his characters that it is impossible to view them with any sense of belief that the people who protect our country act like this. "Dr. Strangelove" is not making of personal members of the military, such as Edward Teller and General Curt LeMay, like Jackson Burgess wants to believe, but it is rather makin fun of certain procedures of the military in place to maintain order. The most notable attack on military procedure in the film is the idea of Plan R. As crazy as the idea sounds of an unauthorized general giving the order to nuke Russia, in all likelihood there probably was a plan in place very similar to the one in the film in case the Russians struck first. In fact, I don't see a whole lot of difference between Plan R and the President being allowed to send our troops into war without first getting Congressional approval. Both plans negate the necessary checks and balances that have held our country together since the beginning, which Kubrik alludes to through dark yet lighthearted humor.
Critics like Jackson Burgess either completely missed the point of this film or became very defensive about the military after watching it because Kubrik's portrayal isn't all that far off. Burgess goes as far to say that "Dr. Strangelove" makes "mincemeat of the military mind, the Birchers, the anti-fluoridationists, and all governments (which it does) and making the case for disengagement, sexual liberation, and philosophical anarchism (which it doesn't)" (9). Until that point in the article, I agreed with a few things Mr. Burgess wrote, but to say that this movie tried to make a case for disengagement, sexual liberation, and anarchism is ridiculous! I realize that many things have changed since he wrote the article in 1964 and that everyone is entitled to their opinion, but I still find it hard to believe that the man wrote that in seriousness. However, that is off the topic, so I will conclude by saying that the military, like any organization of people, is prone to error, and "Dr. Strangelove" brings some of the military's possible fallacies to light during a time when it was necessary, though not popular, to do so.

Dr. Strangelove Chris Lewis

This movie is a wonderful satire of modern political philosophy and warfare. It delivers in a turbulent time a refreshing look at how leaders of our time could go very easily overboard. Dr. Strangelove reminds me of Ayn Rand’s Atlas Shrugged, a novel published seven years earlier by a Russian immigrant. In both pieces of work the government goes out of control to create an inhospitable world so that only one group of peoples is the ultimate group. The main difference is that in Rand’s novel there is a group of people that are above all of the destruction and recreate society, whereas in Dr. Strangelove the world and its people are destroyed ultimately.
During the early 1960’s one of the questions on everyone’s mind is who are we and where do we come from. The basis of human instinct is a prevalent theme in Dr. Strangelove. The idea of vital fluids needing to be replenished as a source for humanity symbolizes the need for person’s need for ideas to be exchanged and innovations to be made so as to further the human race. Communism is shown to slow human production, and in fact can be quite true. Communism works within a perfect society, but as the people are imperfect; such as communists only drinking vodka; society would end up failing due to need for thought exchange. The end of the world is brought about by the stopping of thought exchange and just blowing one another up. The doomsday device would create a cloud of radiation killing everything and dropping the earth’s temperature so as to stop the motion of all water. This “doomsday device� is how war acts to stop thought and thought exchange and is the end to human civilization. Another question posed is, why must we kill? One of the men in the war room suggest that we should destroy with the lowest number of casualties, but also acting as if the people dying are just number and are of no importance. A debate goes on as to whether a nuclear war is needed and whether people must be killed. The meaning of war and humanity is discussed in a whimsical manner with great destruction in the end. As satires goes, this one is funny, but makes the people who watch it think without knowing it.

Matt Hobbs - Doctor Strangelove

Matt Hobbs
Blog #4

Doctor Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb is able to function as such an effective critique of the military, and war in general, not because it depicts an ineffective military, but because it shows the reasons for war and the people behind the decisions in such an over the top, ridiculous manner. Far from showing the military as ineffective, Doctor Strangelove goes the opposite way, and Kubrick shows the military as being absolutely effective at what it does. If the United States needs to drop a bomb, well then our pilots are so good and our technology is so great that we can do that, even if we can’t keep track of it!
This is the tone of Doctor Strangelove and it is why the film is so effective at getting it’s message across. Instead of being useless the military is all-destructive; war doesn’t just cause famine or destroy an area, it decimates everything. Kubrick, by depicting the characters who are charged with this responsibility so incompetent and either over the top or soft-spoken, is able to show the audience just how fragile peace can potentially be. That the people in charge of the decisions, are just people, and just like us, have their own quirks, phobias, etc. By doing this Kubrick is able to effectively get the message across at how precarious our “diplomatic� peace really is.

Dr. Strangelove/ Kyle Cross

The representation of technology in this film portrays a very negative impact of its role in society. I think Jason Burgess' reference to Col. Kong's B-52 bomber owning him says a lot about technology's power over us. In Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, it seemed that everything on that plane went wrong that could up until the very end, where Col. Kong had to manually override the H-bomb deployment with his own 2 hands because the automatic deployment failed. I think that scene symbolized something. Man created that H- Bomb, which I think represented the culmination of technological advances in the most grim way possible, something that can take thousands of lives or possibly destroy the human race. Not only was the plane vulnerable to technological failures, but also radio equipment, telephones with severed connections and a faulty coke machine. The role of technology in our society can't be denied and even though during the nuclear age most technological advances were for military purposes in order to take lives, many advances in technology have been created to save lives. A quote from Burgess' reading sums it up perfectly, "And it isn't that ordinary human virtues are inadequate to ordinary human vices, but rather that neither vices nor virtues, being human and passionate are much use in a world dominated by inhuman and passionless machines." I think the their were 2 major roles in the film, roles held by humans and by technology. Roles played by the actors were full of life, some cooperated together,some were insane, but nevertheless they were lovable and had character. These actors appeared to be at the mercy of technology and did their best to overcome the obstacles it imposed.

Miles Mendenhall, Zombie Nuns, and Dr. Strangelove.

I like Dr. Strangelove just because of its title. It could be a awful movie, but I’d still like it because the title is so good. Anything over the top like that I think is genius, not unlike how I find the over the top gore of zombie movies hilarious. Yes, I want to see a pregnant undead nun get beheaded by a spud gun, and yes, I will always watch a movie entitled Dr. Strangelove. However in this instance, the over the top title is not some hollow gimmick, it actually fits the obnoxious portrayal of the military, specifically national security, contained within the movie. Although some critics found this way of critiquing such a ludicrous system ineffective, I feel that Kubrick’s use of satire was directed and appropriate. Focusing on the irrational fears created by the anti-communist military types at that time, Kubrick pokes satirical fun at our leaders in many ways (Turgidson suggesting that 10-20 million American lives should be about right for the sacrifice of personal safety was particularly wonderful). Malland makes a good point about the hysteria that came out of the ‘red scare’, noting that Kubrick is particularly good at highlighting the idea that this communist conspiracy was merely a way to get into a good ol’ fashioned nuclear war. This in turns brings us to the larger question that Kubrick poses: what, if anything, warrants nuclear war? And as a child of the late eighties and early nineties (when zombie movies were in their prime) I say very little. Nuke them all I say, because we all know nuclear accidents create zombies, and I really want little more from life than the chance to decapitate a pregnant zombie nun with a spud gun.

Miles Mendenhall

Tom Lulic - Dr. Strangelove/Cold War

The indulgence and recklessness of men is portrayed well in Dr. Strangelove as military leaders are shown as "loveable lunatics". Each powerful position occupied in this film is by a man. Rarely is a woman seen in this film and when one is, she is represented as a sexual possession of a man in power. Each goofy but likeable military leader has a character that we laugh at and are drawn to. When Burgess says, "Dr. Strangelove mocks not only militarism, Edward Teller and the Pentagon, but all pretensions to moral judgment on the part of men who have delivered their environment into the hands of totally amoral technological Science..." he says how these men are reckless. I think it is this barbaric and instinctive recklessness that we are drawn to. Instead of diplomacy and discussing issues at hand with words and logic, it is in our very nature to "do it the easy way" and blow everything up. The way of the dummy is tempting and I think Kubrick shows that it is ultimately our demise. He shows that we should strive to be smarter and logical so that the world doesn't explode.

Dr. Strangelove and satire-Kyle Anderson

Stanley Kubrick’s intention upon making Dr. Strangelove was to satire the Cold War and the all too present and real threat of nuclear annihilation. Most aspects of the film are cast in a satirical light, from the inept and war-mongering portrayal of the military to the dismal performance of international diplomacy. Critics who claim that the movie is guilty of a slanderous representation of the military fail to see that the point of the movie is satire. All of the elements in the film are slightly askew from reality, and this is done so to make an otherwise grave and serious subject more palatable and humorous. Dr. Strangelove was produced in a time when the seriousness of nuclear war was ever present, and using satire, the movie helped lighten the load of the heavy topic. If you are looking for an accurate or realistic portrayal of the cold war and the doctrine of mutual assured destruction, Dr. Strangelove doesn’t fit the bill. Then again, that really never was the purpose of the movie.

Brian C Andreen Dr. Strangelove and the Cold War


I agree with the reading from Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare comedy and the Ideology of Liberal consensus. The United States out of necessity had adopted a single unifying paradigm in order to come together against the obvious threat the World War II represented. After the war had ended we still had this united paradigm we obtained and solidified throughout the war. At the ending of the war this was thoroughly set in American culture. The American people truly and firmly believed in the United States and its way of life and were happy with it.
After the war people were very happy with how their lives were and did not wish to return to the uncertain and terrifying conditions in which they lived during WWII. The threat from Communism caused people to fear that their way of life which with they were content could be turned upside-down. These feelings are what lead to such strong opposition against the threat from Communism.
Despite this feeling of opposition to communism people were also afraid of the increasingly powerful weapons which newfound technology was making possible. The movie Dr. Strangelove was designed to alleviate the fears of the American people. Things you see in a movie become less mysterious and thus loose some of their fears of that subject. Also the movie being a comedy helps portray Nuclear War as something that is practically tolerable and not a big deal. Their were other agencies also attempting to make nuclear war seem tolerable as we discussed in class with the duck and cover campaign. This made people feel as if they could do something to protect themselves, though in reality they could not.
The way in which Nuclear Technology in this film was treated I believe says a great deal of how people felt about nuclear weapons. In Dr. Strangelove even the people who are using the nuclear weapons are terrified of using them, even though it may be a necessity. I think this shows how afraid people in the united states were of either having to use nuclear weapons or having them used against us.

Courtney Marlow's Dr. Strangelove

I can’t say that I particularly like this movie. This is not because the movie’s message is unimportant, because it definitely is, but I just do not find this type of satirical humor fascinating. As soon as the first scene began, I knew right away that Dr. Strangelove was going to poke fun at the United States military. And although this is supposed to be a light-hearted way to show viewers how complicated the system is, I find it a bit disrespectful.
Throughout the film, several attempts are made to make United States soldiers appear uneducated and blatantly ridiculous. Their words and actions are thoughtless, and it is impossible to take them seriously, even when speaking about classified information. I found it particularly interesting that there was absolutely no sense of urgency throughout the entire film, even though we are dealing with nuclear war, a rather important subject.
I do like the idea that this movie portrays the doings of political figures in the United States as careless, and that national policy is decided in such an imprudent fashion. The movie really pokes fun at our government, and makes a point to show the viewers that what was going on at the time was extremely important, and the film does this by making a mockery of people we hold in such high regard.
By the end of the film, although I still didn’t like it, it became obvious that Dr. Strangelove’s mission is not to ridicule the actual people in these positions, but the policy and decision-making itself. This film is very important for its time because it helped to shed light on a serious topic by lightening the load with satire.

Dr Strangelove- Ashley Bergman

Dr Strangelove is one of the most popular movies of all time. It was nominated for several Academy Awards and today holds the rank of 39 on AFI's Top 100 Movies list. It isn't hard to see why it is so popular-- it's a clever and strikingly honest satire of a delicate situation. Yet, one has to wonder why exactly Stanley Kubrick would choose to turn it into a comedy rather than a drama as in reality there would be nothing funny at all about a problem where the only outcome was total destruction.

Kubrick originally intended on making this movie a serious drama as it was an issue he felt strongly about. However he found, as he was jotting down ideas, that the ones he kept throwing out-- "I can't do this, people will laugh!"-- were the most truthful. He saw that the only way to tell his story was to turn it into a black comedy. And yet it made its point and I would argue more effectively than a drama would.

The thing about dramas is that they're intense and captivating in the film world yet when the credits roll, we leave feeling glad our lives aren't like that. What Kubrick did with Dr. Strangelove was capitalize on the fact that people laugh at what we feel uncomfortable about. The things we fear the most we turn into comedy. Had he made this another drama people would have left feeling glad it wasn't reality, feeling as though it were a part of another world that was far away from the here and now. By making Dr. Strangelove a comedy, he was able to get people to laugh at what they already felt uncomfortable about, and as such, made it impossible for them to ignore the very real threat of nuclear war. Plus it worked also as a commentary on just how ridiculous the Cold War was as by that time, the conflict had escalated to a point where it was nearly comical.

Kubrick knew exactly what he was doing when he chose to make Dr. Strangelove into a comedy, and lucky for audiences everywhere he did.

No Bad People, Just Bad Choices

The portrayal of military officials in Dr Strangelove was criticized as unfair, particularly those representations of men that took a strong approach to national security. While some critics focused on only the perceived the foolishness of the leaders’ words and actions, I feel that they missed the point that the film was trying to make.
Kubrick intentionally satirized the various strategies taken by military and civilian strategists at the time. He was trying to remark on the stupidity of military leaders with their “callous disregard for other human lives, and their own lust for power� (Malland 702). Turgidson was a perfect example of this selfish drive for personal safety; voicing his willingness to sacrifice millions of Americans, with little differentiation between ten and twenty million lives. He spoke in the same eager tones of this sacrifice for the dubious potential procurement of a safer reality as he later pondered the ten to one ratio of beautiful women to men in the survival shelters.
There was also a strong focus on the irrationality of the anti-communist fears that infused the culture of the time. General Ripper’s fears of Communist infiltration of American society are shown as extremist anxiety to the point that fluorides introduction synchronous with the formation of the postwar international Communist conspiracy was a just reason to initiate a nuclear war (Malland 706). The “red scare� was so prevalent throughout the nation that people were fired, jailed, deported and blacklisted for offenses ranging from involvement in humanitarian political movements to refusing to name ‘conspirators’ in their alleged wrongdoings. Kubrick was trying to highlight that any threat posed by the Soviets did not warrant the use of nuclear weapons (Malland 700).
The film intentionally highlighted the narrow focus of military strategists and the devastating consequences the nation could face because of this. I do not feel that he was trying to malign all military establishments or show the American government as dangerous, idiotic buffoons. It reminds me of the idea that there are not bad people, just good people making bad choices. The film is criticizing the choices and rationalization occurring in the culture not the society itself.

Nyssa Shawstad

WORKS CITED
Maland, Charles. “Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus� American Quarterly, Vol. 31, No. 5, Special Issue: Film and American Studies (Winter, 1979), pp. 697-717.

Cameron Lee

Last weeks film Dr. Strangelove was highly comical even though it was portraying an all too serious subject. I felt that it really gave the military the short end of the straw throughout the whole movie. Such things as nuclear war are not suppose to be taken so lightly as a General taking a call from his secretary in the War Room right in the middle of a decision of what to do. Every powerful figure that was part of the military had a highly amusing yet depressing trait about them, except for possibly the President. Gen. Ripper was simply insane and his obsession with his bodily fluids made his character far more unprofessional than a general should be. However this would make his justification for the nuclear strike seem far more amusing than logically sound, like a general should act. The other general, although seeming a little more professional when first introduced, was quickly shown to be the kind of person we would never want to see in the military, and especially in a seat of power. He is attitude towards the deaths of millions and his overzealous nature seemed very unfair to the position of general. What I found to be most comical but at the same time depressing for the seriousness of it was the discussion between both presidents. The sheer fact the U.S. president was trying to convince the drunk Russian that he needed to act negated all seriousness of the subject. The real justification to an unfair stance towards the military was Dr. Strangelove himself. He was by far the most out of place character in the War Room and only supported this with his apparent split personality. The sheer fact a person like this was giving consultation to the President could be seen as a slap to the military, and to the American generals. The president was taking counsel from an ex-nazi over their "expert" opinion.

Cole Storer: Dr. Strangelove and Nightmare Comedy

From the beginning of the movie Kubrick uses black comedy to effectively display his fear of the possibility of nuclear war. I think he used black comedy as a way of getting people to understand the situation our country was in without scaring them too badly. It was a little bit of a wake up call to America asking us to pay attention to what was going on because there was a chance it could have gotten out of control. Some people might not have understood how he could make light of a serious subject, but I think it was genius. He could have made it into a serious drama, however I feel like it would have made it too intense and might not have appealed to as broad of an audience. After all, he really did want to send a message out to the public about the importance of this issue. In “Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus�, Charles Maland suggests that '"black humor is pitched at the breaking point where moral anguish explodes into a mixture of comedy and terror, where things are so bad you might as well laugh," describing quite accurately the way Kubrick came to feel about the arms race and nuclear strategy.' ( pg.9).Although the movie was funny it for sure gets people to understand to a certain extent how bad a nuclear war could get. For instance there is that part describing how powerful a hydrogen bomb is in comparison to all of the bombs used during World War II combined. Also the description of the doomsday machine is a pretty frightening thought, and one that could be completely attainable. I think this movie really opened up a lot of peoples eyes to the nuclear issues surrounding our country.

Thomas Campbell's Dr Strangelove Reflections

Stanley Kubrick The director of the film Dr. Strangelove uses technology throughout the film as an effective representation of how technology is important to be successful in defending the country. Maland emphasizes that Kubrick shows a fascination for machines and “develops his attitude toward technology in Dr. Strangelove by making use of both machines of destruction and machines of communication� (pp. 711). The use of technology in the film provides evidence that our society relies hugely on communication to be successful. In our society today we use communication that has developed to be efficient and very reliable thanks too the advancement in technologies. In the film Dr. Strangelove it proves that the misuse of radio codes and lack of communication within the military was deadly. Kubrick stresses the importance of communication in the film as the failure of communication to the B-52s after directing the military to their targets lead to the one plane completing the task. Another example of technology failure is when Mandrake tries to call the President after hearing about the recall code; he cannot contact the president because he does not have any money to pay for the pay phone. With better communication tools, that we have today, this would have never occurred. Kubrick also provides other ways of showing that our society relies heavily on technology. Malland tells us that “throughout the B-52 scenes, Kubrick keeps viewers interest by alternating close ups of various panel controls� (pp 711). This emphasizes that technologies also succeeded in the film, without the importance of effectively using panel controls to ensure that flights run smoothly. The most fascinating and also successful technology throughout the film was the use was the use of the electronic wall chart in the war room, this technology always succeeded as it always monitored the exact location on the planes. The film also emphases that no matter how good technology may be, it needs to be used correctly, therefore qualified people must only use important technology. In the case of Dr. Strangelove the plan of attack would never had been enforced if the communication came from the war room and not unqualified military.

Candice Dehnbostel: Dr. Strangelove

Kubrick’s Strangelove combines satire, fear and outrageous characters to produce a political commentary about Cold War time. Advances in technology during this time were immense. The film exhibits a map, or as Gen. Turgidson calls it-- a“big board�, that lights up and pinpoints the location of U.S. planes. Nuclear bombs are the major threat mentioned in the film, until the Russian Ambassador slips the secrets of the Doomsday machine. Radios are impounded and only returned to power with secret codes. All of this technology is not reliable, nor successful. While Maj. Kong tries to bomb a Russian target, the circuits on the plane stop working. He must manually fix the circuits and open the plane’s doors so the bomb may be dropped. Yet, Gen. Ripper’s plan R is implemented with out any trouble. At the same time, Ripper’s use of technology becomes a failure due to his conscious overstep of authority. Close ups of the plane’s cockpit, with all of its dials, knobs and buttons, shows the viewer the complexity and power of new technology. Maland argues Kubrick’s use of technology represents “machines of destruction� and “machines of communication� (p. 710).

Throughout the film, war mongers and Hawks are intentionally shown as blundering idiots. This seems to be purposely done to impart an idea of overblown aggression and lack of diplomatic skills. Pilots are shown busily reading Playboy and eating snacks, furthering the idea of a less-than-competent armed forces. The portrayal of an over zealous military trying to prove superiority is one that seems to act before thinking. As Gen. Ripper explains, “war is too important to be left to politicians.� President Muffley is too set on peacekeeping, even though signs on the military bases boldly read “peace is our profession.� Despite all this, these characters are developed in such a way as to earn the viewer’s favorable reception. They keep us entertained and amused. These characterizations tell of a society that views its leaders as puppets or sideshow attractions. The amusement Americans find in President Bush’s speeches exemplifies this.

As discussed in class, Kubrick’s film had to be a dark comedy in order to not to propound the fears of a nuclear age and the thought of war. The film’s use of this type of comedy is successful in that discourse about the actions and ulterior motives of the military are scrutinized, but not turned into civilian panic. If Dr. Strangelove had been released as a serious drama, it would have added to the hysteria and, for some, advocated military action.

Kendra Elm Dr. Strangelove

The film Dr. Stangelove portrays the United States Military as incapable of protecting our country and makes a joke out of what would be a very serious situation. I believe this showing of the military is over-exaggerated, but is based on many truths. The first of which is international diplomacy. In the film when the US president is taking to the leader of Russia their phone call is a complete joke. Demitry is drunk and incoherent of what is about to happen and the President is just playing along. These phone calls between countries show how difficult it is to work between countries. Another aspect is domestic diplomacy. The communication between the generals and the President is very poor. One general is taking on the phone to his woman when he is in a meeting of national security. They are unable to get communication to the base where another military commander has gone rogue and sent a fleet of planes to attack Russia.

Plan R, as called in the film, was an attack plane that could be ordered by someone of lower rank in the military in case of a sneak attack on the United States. I think the point of this part of the movie was to show how in many cases the military tries to cover all of its basses, but it can backfire. They thought this plan would be good if something drastic were to happen, but they didn't think about the human side of the plan, and obviously that turned out badly. I believe all of these examples are things that happen in the military but taken to the extreme. No system can be flawless, and Dr. Strangelove picked on the flaws in the military and in a way made us lose trust in the American system of government. So, I can't say the the portrayal of the military was unfair as much as it was taken out of proportion.

Oakley Tapola DR STRANGELOVE

I love Dr Strangelove. I've seen it multiple times. I think what makes it such a great satire is its accuracy in portraying and accentuating the incredibly real and outlandish behaviors of our governing bodies. The film doesn’t unfairly portray the military, its uses situations that are real enough, like the threat of (nuclear) war, and makes apparent to its audience that it is truly madness to allow the fate of an entire nation to slip into the throws of technology. What this films reveals to its viewers is the true insanity and irrationality involved in a system that would permit such a thing as a doomsday device to even be created. It precludes that when deadly preposterous options are made available to those in power humanity is inevitably lost in the battle that follows and madness is the only final option because it is madness and relentless greed that is creator of such evil. This film is consistently relevant because that is the role technology plays in the lives of many Americans, its an overwhelming force that has unseen powers and introduces corruptive, consuming and mind clouding threats. Also the character names are geniusly paired with each of the actors. President Muffley, the seemingly only sane man, is constantly being "muffled" by all the other outlandish events taking place. General Ripper is the man who sets the whole disaster into action (rips apart the rationality of the situation). And the war room itself, the place where all the decisions are being made is inaccessible to any normal person. The jet as well is especially inaccessible and the pilots of the jet carry out their mission unquestioningly like good little children. The whole situation, while humorous and satirical, hits your because its strikingly true. It’s all too familiar to the hastiness which real wars are fought and real bombs are dropped. Its makes you question the current state of things and if we too aren’t dooming ourselves to this same kind of fate.

Dr. Strangelove as Effective Criticism- L. Vieira

Dr. Strangelove effectively functions as a criticism of the military because of the extreme stance that it takes. The fact that the characters are caricatures of their respective military officials rather than direct representations makes it function outside the realm of practical. Such absurdity is important to the critical tone of the film because by illustrating the extremes of behaviors it becomes clear that the practices and not the people are what is under attack. Despite the intensity of the soundtrack and mise-en-scene, the dialogue is kept lighthearted and the characters’ actions and names are comical. It is impossible to take the film seriously and as such it functions as effective criticism of the brash decisions made about using nuclear force. The climax of the film that occurs as the pilot launches himself on the nuclear weapon rather than leave the conflict without launching the bomb. His cowboy demeanor and nonchalant approach to the bomb are obviously not typical and by taking the conceptual idea of cowboy foreign policy and interpreting it literally, the absurdity of the concept as a whole is presented. The existence of the Doomsday device shows how impractical the consequences of the arms race could be. The President’s failure to notify the public and the casual demeanor and petty arguments that occur in the war room may well confirm American fears that they will need to duck and cover. The accidental nuclear war is the consequence of impractical and overconfident foreign policy, so when the film is boiled down to its basic message, the criticism simply says we should pay attention to the potential consequences of our actions.

Dr. Strangelove- Jackie Claypool

This week we watched Dr. Strangelove. I really liked how this movie used nightmare comedy in order to satirize certain American beliefs that were felt during the period around the Cold War. According to the Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus reading, the four dimensions of the Cold War consensus that were ridiculed throughout this film included: “anti-Communist paranoia; the culture’s inability to realize the enormity of nuclear war; various nuclear strategies; and the blind faith modern man places in technological progress.�
The “anti-Communist paranoia� was mostly displayed by a character in the film named General Ripper, who is convinced that the Communists are under cover in America and that they have contaminated our water through fluoridation. As a result of this paranoia he decides to carry out “plan R� and eventually destroy the world all because of fluoridation.
In class we talked about how the media made light of nuclear war by providing people with the idea that if they “ducked and covered� once they saw a flash that they would be saved from the nuclear bomb. In reality, this action wouldn’t do anything because they would be immediately vaporized if a nuclear bomb was to ever be dropped. During the last scene of Dr. Strangelove after the B-52 dropped the nuclear bomb on Russia the song “We’ll Meet Again� played while a serious of mushroom clouds filled the screen. According to the Dr. Strangelove (1964): Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus reading, Kubrick decided to have this song play during this time to “ironically suggest[s], we will never meet again, because there will be no one left on earth,� which goes against the world view of being able to survive a nuclear war.

Dr. Strangelove - Becca Rinas

When asked if Dr. Strangelove unfairly portrays the military, I fail to find a correct answer, mainly because I think it’s the wrong question. I don’t think “fairness� was a consideration in Kubrick’s vision. He did not make the film with a disclaimer at any point in the movie reminding audiences: “for all fairness, keep in mind, this is satire!� But rather, he produced the film for an informed audience, an audience hungry for statements other than those previously saturating the big screen, statements that largely included the implementation of national policy. His movie was in response to the over-consumption of propaganda characteristic of the previous decade in film. Kubrick emerged in a new Hollywood, where he was not barred by the constraints of the studio system, where he could produce his own vision, one, consequently, in line with the rest of the nation. After years of pro-military films that illustrated the bomb as an instrument of peace and security, it was time for a fresh and alternate perspective. It is so true, especially in Hollywood, that you can only be at the top for so long, and the time had passed for these films and ideas. The nation had grown restless with this overly patriotic idealism. The early 1960’s was the perfect launching pad for the film, with ever increasing antimilitaristic attitudes and a desire for change.
However, many of his critics did protest that his depiction was, as the question poses, “unfair.� They believed the film to be dangerous and unpatriotic. They had probably never experienced such a highly popular and widely accepted expression of criticism. Their gripes make it apparent that they took the sarcastic nature of the film far too seriously. The characters, situations and ideas in the film are not meant to be translated literally. Kubrick is obviously not suggesting that our military leaders believe that Communists infiltrating “our precious bodily fluids� is good reason for dropping a bomb. But, a satire-savvy audience can perhaps translate this message and deduce, “hey, that is as good a reason as any to kill millions of people.� I believe that those most strongly opposed truly did not “get it� – or perhaps they did and were just not prepared to laugh at themselves. After years of being proliferated on the big screen, this mockery may have hit too close to home and bruised a few egos. So, sure, maybe there were many out there that found Kubrick’s interpretation “unfair� but, in all fairness, they was (and is!) an equal, if not greater, number that believed it to be the first “fair� film in a decade.

Jasmine Omorogbe- Dr. Strangelove Reflection

I found the movie to somewhat odd, especially the role of Dr. Strangelove, not only did his voice and demeanor creep me out but the part in the end where he has German spaz-outs was weird. Burgess claims that that is a commentary on “American and Russian explotation of German scientists� (p.10) but I wouldn’t have understood that without having read the article prior to viewing.
The movie did a good job of pinning man versus machine and as Burgess discusses, showing the inconsisitencies between the two. In the film, even the best and most elaborate technologies were susceptible to human error. General Ripper almost started a nuclear war single-handedly. I found it ironic that the same plans and technologies intended to protect the nation were the same ones that ended up killing Colonel Kong and eventually and indirectly, the whole world. Plan R was well thought out, that is, until it went wrong. All the back-up plans that were to be used against the enemy ended up working against themselves, or in other words, the plans made in order to escape trouble ended up causing the most in the end. In order for things to be successful, both man and machine must be up to par. This film highlights the incapabilities of both man (General Ripper and the whole team of authorities at the Pentagon not being able to come up with a solution or being unprepared – not enough money to use the phone, etc) and machine (nothing working properly when it was supposed to) .
Burgess also mentions the ambiguity of the film, saying that “It suggests that we are, indeed, going toblow ourselves up but it isn't very sad or shameful, or even very important.� (p.4). This seems to be true and is illustrated in the demeanor of the characters. Besides General Turgidson’s super excited state, there does not really seem to be a sense of urgency presented. The President is concerned but more in “oh-man- we-really-messed-up� manner than an “oh-no-we-are-all-going-to-die� manner. The other officials barely speak and no one seems to be frantic or in a panic. Even when the Doomsday machine goes off, they are in the midst of calmly debating different plans of action. I am unsure if this ease is because they know the anticpated end of the world due to this situation is inevitable, are confused about what to do, or really just don’t see it as a super scary issue.

Looking back at the movie now, I can see it as an effective nightmare comedy, however, had I been a viewer during this time period, I don’t think I would have found it funny at all. I know the goal was to make people step back and look at all the hysteria and laugh at themselves for taking it so seriously. However,in that day, when the government was spreading messages that things like this could actually happen at any given time, any given place, and with the movie depicting the cause as human fallibility (which we know the military is certainly capable of), the goal would not have been accomplished with me, I would have sided with the critics who didn’t get it or have been angered at the insensitivity. Just like if someone made a satire of 9/11, even though it was 7 years ago now, I am sure most people would not find it funny, it is too close to home. However, in hindsight, I can definitely say it has value- offering a different view of both technological and human capabilities and fallibilities, as well as military procedures and leaders.

. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb Jeff Tow Arnett

Being from a military family back ground and knowing that this film was going to make fun of the military I was a little bias towards the competence of the films message. I believe that the film Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb did intentionally portray the leaders of the military and the government as buffoons. However it may have been the only way that Stanley Kubrick was able to get his real underlying message across. I believe this film wanted to show that with technology improving rapidly it is still only as effective or useful as the individuals controlling it. The movie showed the idea that head military leaders would like to take physical action against a possible Soviet threat in order to alleviate some American casualties, if America was not able to stop their B2 bomber from attacking the Soviets. Like one of the best all time actors George C. Scott's character said that we should surprise attack them because "we would only suffer 20 million dead to their hundred million". The idea presented by George C. Scott's character was to bomb the Soviets so the Soviets have fewer resources when they attack the US. This strategy seem outrageous and funny at the same time but there are a lot of crazy people in this world and it only takes on person in charge to rectify that idea. Over all I thought that this movie was very good and comical. On the other hand it portrayed a very sincere and real message that people need to pay attention and technology is only as effective or useful as the people controlling it, so us Americans need to place/elect the right people to control these technologies. As a side note I found it hysterical how George C. Scott's character would always assume or call people COMMIES.

Dr. Strangelove - Amanda Palazzo

I find it difficult to imagine that “Dr. Strangelove,� as it is written, could have worked as a serious drama. The source material for this film, the novel “Red Alert� by Peter George, is a “thriller,� and therefore written in a serious tone. Obviously since the basis of “Dr. Strangelove� is that of a serious drama, the film could have taken on that tone and have probably been successful; in all likelihood, however, it would not be considered one of the greatest films ever made. The satire and black comedy is what made this film great and without it, it is just another war film.

Black comedy and satire has the effect of professing to approve the very things one wishes to attack. Kubrick does an excellent job of employing this technique to illustrate his discontent with the Cold War and the threat of nuclear warfare. Kubrick, using the example of the “doomsday machine,� shows the absurdity of the real-life theory, “mutual assured destruction,� in which “each side is supposed to be deterred by the fact that a nuclear war would be a cataclysmic disaster for both sides, regardless of who ‘won.’�

He uses characters like Turgidson, who are eager to initiate nuclear war with the Soviet Union, to parody members of the government and military. In one scene, Turgidson states, “Now I’m not saying we wouldn’t get our hair mussed, but I am saying no more that 10 to 20 million killed. Tops!� This is a direct reference to Herman Kahn, a military strategist and architect of the “mutual assured destruction� theory, who in his works, “estimated how many human lives the United States could lose and still rebuild economically.� Kubrick, by employing black comedy and satire in “Dr. Strangelove,� is able to show the illogicality, irrationality, and ludicrousness behind the methods that drives the members of the government and military in “fighting� the Cold War.

In some cases, as in “Dr. Strangelove,� the satire is able to say directly, what would normally be said indirectly; there is no political spin employed to filter out what might incite fear or panic. The statements are made with a smile and a laugh, but nonetheless, are said full out. One is able to grasp the seriousness because of the directness of the material being disseminated, but because of the tone, that of humor, it has the effect of deadening the fear.


Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Strangelove_or:_How_I_Learned_to_Stop_Worrying_and_Love_the_Bomb

Dr. Strangelove and the Cold War - David Belair

Dr. Strangelove was an over-the-top cold war satire. The movie's main goal, it seems, was to show Americans how silly their obsessions with the cold war was.The reason for General Ripper starting his nuclear attack was that through flouridation, the communists were subverting the American way of life. This is why he only drinks distilled water, pure rain water, and grain alcohol. He doesn't want his bodily fluids to become impure by the treacherous communist plot. He is able to mount his nuclear attack because of a loop hole in the American nuclear war strategy, which allows a lone general to launch a nuclear war if America is attacked, and the normal chain of command is made inopperable. We see the President and his advisors trying to figure out the best way to deal with this crisis, which leads to American troops attacking our own army base, the buffoonery of the President and his dealings with the Russians, the eventual call back of all but one of the war planes, and then that one war plane eventually reaching a Russian target which sets off nuclear annihilation.

One of the main plot lines in Dr. Strangelove is our increasing technology and how it can become a crutch with our reliance on it. In the movie we see the success of all the technology that allows for the nuclear attack, and failure of the technology that would enable the attack to be stopped. General Ripper is able to successfully send the attack codes to the nuclear bombers, he is able to successfully lock down the army base, and the crew of the plane is able to easily go through their check points without any glitches. On the other hand, the president and his staff are unable to get in touch with General Ripper, or anyone at the army base, because the phone lines have been made inopperable, they are unable to stop the bombers from their course of action because they don't have the secret communication code, the Russians do not have a way to disarm their preprogrammed armegeddon program which causes world wide nuclear annihilation upon Russian attack, the bomber that gets through has its communications system fail which doesn't allow them to get the call back code. In this way, Kubrick shows us that it is technology that can both aid us and lead to our destruction. We rely too much on developing, and furthering, our technologies, and not enough time on contingencies should these technologies fail us. At one point Dr. Strangelove tells us that the U.S. studied the viability of implementing an automatic nuclear destruction program as the Russians have. he states it was deemed not viable because there would be no way to stop it, even in the event of an accidental nuclear bombing. Unfortunately the Russians didn't come to this same conclusion, and their technology failed them because there were no contingencies in place.

I think the use of comedy was effective in getting across Kubrick's point. The cold war brought about too much craziness and irrational thought. At the time many thought it prudent for America to be the first to attack in the eventual nuclear war that was coming. His premise was that those in the government and the military spend most of their time focusing on our attack plans, and/or planning a counter-attack in the event of an attack on us, that they lose sight of the need for plans to prevent a nuclear war from ever happening. In his own way, he is letting America know that it needs to loosen up, quit relying on technology, and quit focusing on a nuclear war that most likely won't ever happen. Is he a little rough on his portrayal of the government as bafoons and of the military as war hungry psychopaths? Probably. But, the movie is a farce, and a farce is most effective the more over the top it gets.

Yu Katayama

I would say that the film, Dr Strangelove, is one of the best comedy films that came out in the 60s eventhough the film was about militarism and war. I thought the film contained lots of different types of gags, but it still showed how war can be very dangerous and how meaningless it is. However, there were couple of scenes where the producer wanted to send some importanat messages across to the audience. For example, in one of the scenes in the film(when the russians were attacking the americans), there was this big sign that was standing up in the middle of the battlefield, which said "Peace is our profession". I thought that was very ironic because there were gunfires everywhere in middle of this field where this sign was standing - this was, i think, one of the messages that Kubrick was trying to send a message across to the audience. some may think it's funny, but others may take it as a sign of ending the war. The audiences might have thought how meaningless the war can be and how the war can cause damages both externally and internally. In one of the assigned readings, the narrator said that Kubrick was drawn to the war films because of the concern he had with the public morality, not anti-militarism. Overall, i think Kubrick did a great job of expressing his ideads and emotions towards the "Ban-the-bomb movement" in the way that the audience could enjoy, but still take the film seriously - how people needed to pay attention to the messages that the film portrayed.

Dr. Strangelove, Jordan Swan

The representations of technology seem to represent our need for acceptance of the technology as discussed in class the American public needed to understand that the technology created by our military and see it as necessary and controllable. Information like the duck and cover turtle made the devastating technology being created as something that was inevitable and socially accessible. In this film the destructive technology seems to always work even when faced with difficulty, the bombs drop and the doomsday device works, this seems to indicate the powers of conflict will continue and that the military actions can not be stopped. The fact that on many occasions the communication technology of the American forces does not work seems to indicate that the major problem within the American system is internal communication that the information in circulation always seems to be either sent by the wrong person or not sent at all. Every interaction with communication technology also has problems.
The extreme nature of the pro war antics show that social tone of the time and not directly those in charge of the military, it is a satirical look at the tensions in the public. The characters are one dimensional and steeped in their own eccentricities which makes the characters look distant and from another reality. Pro war critics may not get this element of the film because of the film seems to show only that the creators have a specific opinion on his topic and the subject matter being of such a serious matter this flippant film might look less like an creative look a the topic but a judgment on the members involved.
I agree that the characters in the film are seen as lovable lunatics. These characters show a parallel to the demonized image of the war heads that was presented to public by the media. Heads of war were shown through movie reels as godless and heartless. This film shows them in a more ridiculous light which makes them seem more real and personable in their quirks and eccentricities. One example of the lunacies portrayed that could be seen as lovable is the obsession with water and the communist plot to make him infertile that is held by General Ripper,, this shows a weakness behind his insanity that makes him real and likable.
I believe that the use of the nightmare comedy was extremely useful in addressing the serious nature of the tension that riddled the country at this time. It alludes to the importance and seriousness of the issue but also steps back from it to take a, even toned to it. If this film was created as a serious drama there would be an even bigger back lash then there was, at this time of political turmoil and pubic fear to look at something like this in a serious tone would seem like a judgment on the current status of wartime actions. By making it a dark comedy it makes the film seem like it is simply making a farce of it, and thus staying neutral to and separated form the actual action of the government. I believe that the seriousness the of the situation was intensely steeped in the mindset of the American public they understood that the situation was serious and the viewpoint of this film would most likely be seen as that of the director and not likely to impact the mass audience that had been so inundated with information to the seriousness of the time.

Dr. Strangelove, Jordan Swan

The representations of technology seem to represent our need for acceptance of the technology as discussed in class the American public needed to understand that the technology created by our military and see it as necessary and controllable. Information like the duck and cover turtle made the devastating technology being created as something that was inevitable and socially accessible. In this film the destructive technology seems to always work even when faced with difficulty, the bombs drop and the doomsday device works, this seems to indicate the powers of conflict will continue and that the military actions can not be stopped. The fact that on many occasions the communication technology of the American forces does not work seems to indicate that the major problem within the American system is internal communication that the information in circulation always seems to be either sent by the wrong person or not sent at all. Every interaction with communication technology also has problems.
The extreme nature of the pro war antics show that social tone of the time and not directly those in charge of the military, it is a satirical look at the tensions in the public. The characters are one dimensional and steeped in their own eccentricities which makes the characters look distant and from another reality. Pro war critics may not get this element of the film because of the film seems to show only that the creators have a specific opinion on his topic and the subject matter being of such a serious matter this flippant film might look less like an creative look a the topic but a judgment on the members involved.
I agree that the characters in the film are seen as lovable lunatics. These characters show a parallel to the demonized image of the war heads that was presented to public by the media. Heads of war were shown through movie reels as godless and heartless. This film shows them in a more ridiculous light which makes them seem more real and personable in their quirks and eccentricities. One example of the lunacies portrayed that could be seen as lovable is the obsession with water and the communist plot to make him infertile that is held by General Ripper,, this shows a weakness behind his insanity that makes him real and likable.
I believe that the use of the nightmare comedy was extremely useful in addressing the serious nature of the tension that riddled the country at this time. It alludes to the importance and seriousness of the issue but also steps back from it to take a, even toned to it. If this film was created as a serious drama there would be an even bigger back lash then there was, at this time of political turmoil and pubic fear to look at something like this in a serious tone would seem like a judgment on the current status of wartime actions. By making it a dark comedy it makes the film seem like it is simply making a farce of it, and thus staying neutral to and separated form the actual action of the government. I believe that the seriousness the of the situation was intensely steeped in the mindset of the American public they understood that the situation was serious and the viewpoint of this film would most likely be seen as that of the director and not likely to impact the mass audience that had been so inundated with information to the seriousness of the time.

Katherine Rivard

Dr. Strangelove is a brilliant film, and may be considered one of the major influences of revolutionary thought of the sixties, continuing to today. Although some may think such satire on something so devastating as nuclear war as disturbing and repulsive, director Stanley Kubrick unearthed a multitude of prevailing problems as America was becoming a world power, particularly aiming at abused power of the military, the view on Communism, and the disconnect of technological and scientific advances and “social, political, and moral ineptitude� (Maland, 701). The film highlighted the evils of military leaders, or as Maland notes, “their callous disregard for other human lives, and their own lust for power� (702). Dr. Strangelove is not simply a tasteless film set out to bash the leaders of America, however; it is a comical reflection of the paradoxes of how the country was reacting to the threat of nuclear war; as Morris Dickstein would suggest, the threat of war and the nuclear race had reached a point so terrifying that it had reached a “point where moral anguish explodes into a mixture of comedy and terror, where things are so bad you might as well laugh� (704). Therefore, I feel the film did not unfairly portray the military; it was merely trying to depict the moral and mental struggles and hardships that the nation had to deal with.

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Dr. Stranglove- Liz Eisler

As Charles Maland stated, 1) “the structure of American society [is] basically sound� and 2) something is “clear danger to the survival of the United States and its allies� (Maland, 1964). During the time when the film, Dr. Stranglove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb was released, that “something� Maland discusses refers to communism and the threat it created for the safety of the United States. The American society began to unite due to the threat of foreign totalitarianism and I believe that this film helped them accomplish it. Just as Stanley Kubrick realized, “The only was to tell the story was as a black comedy, or better, a nightmare comedy, where the things you laugh at the most are really the heart of the paradoxical postures that make nuclear war possible� (Kubrick). By producing a film that poked fun of the military and the idea of a nuclear war, people were able to step aside and laugh about a serious issue. I wouldn’t necessarily say that the film portrays the military in an unfair light (as when the men are falling asleep in the plane and playing cards instead of tending to their tasks) but instead, argue that Kubrick wanted to give the American society a break from their stressful days of worrying about a nuclear war.

Dr. Strangelove Anthony Zerka

Stanley Kubrick used black comedy in 1964 with his film, Dr Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb. In reality, the circumstances of causing a nuclear war which may lead to the destruction of mankind would have been treated as a very serious condition. This film brought black comedy into one of the scariest situation in which the world has to face. If this was serious, drama film I believe it would be a fairly good movie, but the only thing that it would create is more fear. The Cold War was still in effect and a movie the destruction of mankind would only create chaos. I believe that Kubrick’s main objective was to create a movie with the Cuba Missile Crisis still in the minds of the American people. Charles Maland states that this may be a way to “relieve anxiety during a time when the Cold War was intensifying.� Jackson Burgess suggests that this film is not to promote an anti-military approach, but a “concern to public morality.� Who has the right to start a war? The concerned President? The suicidal Army officer? Or the war-loving Air Force officer? Kubrick’s portrayal of the Cold War may have mocked the military and politics, but their judgment on how to deal with situations such as in the film. Dr. Strangelove epic, humorous approach may have led the audience believes that the United States is being protected by foolish, war-loving military. The use of technology in this film is indeed being distributed in almost every scene. The gadget that we all wished worked correctly in time of need was the radio code device used in the B-2 plane. The gadgets that we all hoped would work incorrectly, but of course, became a trustworthy gadget was a pocket watch camera that the Russian Ambassador used at the end and the nuclear weapons, such as the Doomsday Device. Dr. Strangelove may show or represents our society not trusting new technology as it may fail and serve us worse then good.

Amanda Kennedy- Dr. Strangelove Review

The use of technology in the movie, “Dr. Strangelove Or How I learned to stop worrying and love the bomb� is unreliable at best, which is one of the main points of the movie. The other point is that when technology in the wrongs hands, adding the human element of failure to it, that is just about the only time it works, leading to the destruction of us all.

The story revolves around this “plan R,� which is the most unthinkable plan that the military could come up with. The provisions of this plan make it impossible to re-call once set in motion unless of course you know the re-call code, which only one crazy man, General Jack D. Ripper, knows. The plan also over rides all authority, giving lower commander rights to send out a nuclear attack, if they feel that action is necessary. The problem with this is the human element of the plan failing, putting a crazy man in charge of the plan order. Once he sets the attack, the technology “works� to his advantage to make his plan go through, even the failed technology, such as the broken communicator with caption Kong’s plane, works to Ripper’s advantage.

Another way that technology was shown to have human flaws to it was when the doors to let the bomb drop wouldn’t open. Instead of taking this as a sign that perhaps the bomb shouldn’t be dropped, caption Kong went and manually overrode the door security, making it possible to release the bomb and lead to ultimate destruction.

On the Russian side, they have a plan that revolves around the doomsday machine, which is set to go off whenever they are attacked, killing all human and animal life forms on Earth. The problem with this device is that it is very easy to make, but impossible to destroy. This also has the failed human element in that you just need one gutsy person to create it and then the technology will work perfectly and kill us all, which is what eventually happens at the end of the movie.

Reflections on Dr. Strangelove

The film watched in class entitled, Dr. Strangelove or: How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, was a very interesting and different type of movie than those that we have seen in the past. As discussed in class prior to the film, Stanley Kubrick directed the film as a comedy because he was tired of everyone taking the whole “nuclear scare� so seriously and wanted people to “lighten up�. Therefore, in a sense, he really just made a big joke out of the whole situation, and in particular made a joke out of the US Military.

At the beginning, while Colonel Kong’s soldiers were within two hours of their targets in Russia, they were looking at images from Playboy, the pilot was snoozing as he was flying, while the other soldiers were looking up Top Secret codes while eating and spilling crumbs. When Colonel Kong was given the “Go Code� to approach and attack their targets, he placed his cowboy hat on, as though he was preparing to face-off with another cowboy. It was also clear that Colonel Kong was from the South, given his intense Southern Drawl, which made him sound as though he was unintelligent and slightly ignorant as to war tactics.

When this “Go Code� was given, Colonel Kong attempted to contact the General and seek assistance in whether it should be taken seriously or not. The General’s secretary, who was sunbathing at the time, answered the phone and relayed the messages back and forth. The General told the Colonel to call the Commander, as though to say that he does not want to be bothered with the crisis at hand – what a joke! The General later comes and takes the phone from his secretary and speaks business with the Colonel, while standing in his underwear.

During the time the President was gathered with other US Generals to discuss the situation in the “War Room,� the General was addressing the president while smacking on gum. Other Generals were chewing gum or smoking cigars while discussing the crisis with the President, as well.

The General that announced the “Go Code,� authorizing the attack on Russia, was explaining that “political people do not have the understanding or ability to conduct a war.� He continued by stating that a General should be the one in charge of conducting a war, not politicians (namely the President). This seemed controversial because it was hinting at “Anti-US Government,� taking a direct hit toward the President.

Although this film was a comedy, I believe that it did still portray the seriousness of nuclear war because, while it represented the US Government and Military as a “joke,� it included many realistic and frightful images of what dropping a nuclear bomb would entail.

-Hasti Fashandi

Dr. Stragelove - Alec Charais

"Mr. President, I'm not saying we wouldn't get our hair mussed, but I do say no more than ten to twenty million killed, tops, uh, depending on the breaks." - General Turgidson

George C. Scott's role in Dr. Strangelove for me made this film. Just picturing him in the role of General Turgidson after knowing the serious role he would later play in Patton made his satire all the more brilliant! What makes Dr. Strangelove such a successful black comedy is that while there is plenty of satire at every turn, the underlying message that the American military, and especially those in positions of leadership, are often viewed by the American public as incompetent, or at least questionable in their actions.

As we discussed in class, there have been writings in the past about the Cold War such as Gary Gerstle's article "The Cold War, Anticommunism, and a Nation in Flux, 1946-1960" where passages such as when Hoover argues that the communists "poison and pollute the very atmosphere of freedom with venemous attacks upon everything which we hold dear" (Gerstle, 243). Have we not heard similar dialogue from President Bush after the attacks of 9/11? Now, after a series of questionable decisions, many hold Bush and other leaders within the U.S. government and the military in the same contept as was illustrated in Dr. Strangelove over 30 years ago. As Arrigo stated, "history repeats itself."

We have seen satire displayed like this in recent films such as Airplane, The Naked Gun, and Hot Shots where the characters use comic dialogue and parody to poke fun at current events. What makes Dr. Strangelove stand out from these films, for me, is its inherently political message that makes you think while you are watching it that this could in some odd way happen. It is at that point I no longer find it funny.

Question of Military Justice- Chris Remy

From its inception the military has been a form of ones safekeeping. Ones protection from the ailments of war, the military will always be a way to guard our freedoms. Its representation not only helps portray its stature, but it lets society understand how it really can help us. In a time where stifle had just ended and the American Military was recognized as great achievement in WWII, a series of films were released that either did justice or injustice to the stature of the military. One movie in particular, Dr. Stragelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, can either do justice or injustice the portrayal of the military.

According to Jackson Burgress, “Dr.Strengelove mocks not only militarism- but all pretentious to moral judgment on the part of all men who have delivered their environment in to the hands to amoral technological science and their decisions.� Not only did Jackson Burgess, a writer from Film Quarterly, believe that this film did injustice to the military so did many other pro-war military hawks. In several instances in this movie the military makes mistakes and even attacks itself. It is with mistakes like this that Hollywood made when they portrayed the military during the cold war.

The cold war era was surrounded by not only freight but the inadequacies of everyday life. With Russia taking a world leading stance and the Americas trying to compete for the arms race, times took their toll on society. Hollywood tried to exploit their indifference of people by alleviating some of the stress surrounding the issues. A vast majority of people felt that people didn’t understand this and would question everything. In the end with the end of cold war the military lost even more credibility with Vietnam and the Korean War. In most cases the military’s role is greatly influenced by society and the political influences that govern it.

Jackie Robak

This movie is the 1960’s version of Austin Powers. Not only because of its black comedy, but the names of the characters, and the ridiculous bombs that are going to blow up the entire earth. Only we switch Dr. Evil for the Russians. They even had a round table in a “war room� just like in Austin Powers. The names in Dr. Strangelove aren’t as noticeable as Number Two or Felicity Shagwell, but they named them in the article that we had to read and I thought it was funny because one of the names is Merkin. I just found out the day before we watched the movie that one of my friends nickname is Merkin and I had know idea what merkin meant; it’s a pubic wig. : ) In Austin Powers they had giant laser beam and other methods of destruction. Just like the “dooms day machine.� It makes me laugh, because no offense to the 60’s but I don’t think they could come up with a weapon to kill off the entire planet.
As far as characters go, they are lovable lunatics. Especially when the President is talking to Dmitry. I honestly think that’s what George Bush sounds like when he talks to Prime Ministers of other countries. I think that by having the most important people in our nation be idiots is a huge slam to the American government. I know that our government is that incompetent; however, it wouldn’t surprise me if we have made a few mess ups (like plan R) and then covered them up.
I think that this movie could have been made into a drama. But it was a better idea to make a black comedy, especially during that time period. I think that this movie was put out to slam the government and approaching atomic war. If they would have made it a drama, it might have put the public into more of a frenzy and make the war look more realistic. By having it be a black comedy people could laugh and take away from the reality of how close we actually came to nuclear war.

Josh Zaborowski

I believe that the film Dr. Strangelove did intentionally portray the leaders of the military and the government as buffoons. However, in combination with this I also believe that many critics did not get the underlying message that this film was providing.
Yes, the film made the heads of the military and the government out to be wackos, incompetent, and buffoons throughout the entirety of the film. However, I believe that this rendition of those characters was to add a lighter side to the intense, unnerving subject of nuclear warfare. This film wanted to show that with technology improving it is still only as effective and useful as the individuals controlling it. The film drove home the point that the threat of a "nuclear holocaust" was very possible, and that one insane leader could cause complete and utter destruction.
The movie also established the idea that some military leaders would like to take physical preventative action against a possible threat in order to alleviate some American casualties, if America was attacked. For example, when the military leaders were meeting in the "war room" to stratgize abut options involving a nuclear retaliation by the Soviets. The idea presented by the general was to bomb the Soviets so the Soviets have less resources when they attack the US. Hence resulting in 20 million US casualties instead of 100 million. Seemingly a radical strategy.
Overall, I really like this movie. I thought the scenes were very witty and filled with lovable characters like the "cowboy pilot" and the dim-witted president. The film took a serious possible threat and informed viewers of it in a comedic way. But, maybe the movie did unfairly criticize the military, but it was for comedic value, which was one of the great aspects of this film.

February 16, 2008

Sydney Liles

Dr Strangelove has been one of those movies that tops the list for the best comedies. While it is not a movie that I find particularly funny I can understand why. Maland talks about the connections between politics, society and war and these all come together in this film.
This film gives a strong feeling of a documentary, with the different story lines coming together, as well as the voice overs. It shows the different aspects of war and how they work together. Applying Malands article to this film, it plays on where the American people were at this point in time and how this atomic war scared them. They had no idea what the people in charge were doing, nor did they have any control over what was going on. All they knew was they needed to "duck and cover".
As far as the film goes, I can see it being troublesome to audience members with its subject matter. As for todays audience watching, they can apply it to the war on terror or for the history buffs, the cold war. The fear of a complete outbreak is something that weighs down on multiple people and with such little control over the matter it makes sense. Espeically when you do not know what kind of person is making the calls on what direction they intend to go.

Rob Skogen

This conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry is new in the American experience. The total influence – economic, political, even spiritual – is felt in every city, every Statehouse, every office of the Federal government. We recognize the imperative need for this development. Yet we must not fail to comprehend its grave implications. Our toil, resources and livelihood are all involved; so is the very structure of our society.

--Dwight D. Eisenhowser
Farewell Address to the Nation
January 17, 1961


The epitome of American culture of the WWII era – a hero of the people, a general, a president, a citizen – laid it all out on the table for the popular culture to ponder. This was extremely significant commentary coming at a pivotal point in our nation’s course through history, from a figure that symbolized the very concept he was warning the public about.

Stanley Kubrick expressed this same message in his nightmare comedy, Dr. Strangelove. In their analysis, Foss and Littlejohn explored the notion of how the frame of irony can be used as a tool by a filmmaker to propagate a given rhetorical vision – calling on viewers that “get it� to actively participate in the discourse, or not. The stakes of this decision are obvious when considering every character, scenic element, and plot twist of the movie we watched this week; that decisions on policy cannot be entrusted to the politically inept, morally corrupt individuals in power, or complete destruction is inevitable.

The American experience through the 1950s was one driven by hysteria of fear, mistrust, and division, as is well discussed in the Gerstle reading. The Maland article addressed the notion that although liberal consensus ideology worked well to support the war effort, it would not be able to sustain the nation as it looked toward the future. The seeds of change were being sown. A new political culture, the baby boom, was coming of age and getting ready to take control. Just as the Cuban Missle crisis brought America to the brink of nuclear war, the nation was on the verge of a paradigm shift.

As a symbol of the old era was literally saying goodbye, Kubrick symbolically dropped a bomb on the popular culture of the time. A culture that would never be the same again, a culture that would accept the awesome challenge laid out before them. Now was the time for change.

Dr. Strangelove - Tammy Woehler

I enjoyed Dr. Strangelove. It was a good movie to alleviate the stress of "what could happen," or at least to those who find it funny. I think the movie was done really well in the satirical sense. It was a good way to make the movie. Those who didn't think it was a very good way to portray the movie, must not have had a very good sense of humor. At that point in time, people freaked out over the possibility of being hit by a bomb. There were fallout shelters and "duck & cover" practices, but these practices wouldn't prevent harm from happening. People need a way to relieve stress temporarily, or at least distract them from it temporarily. Sure, this movie probably reminded them of what was going on. But, it should have also made them realize how crazy they were acting. After people were being shown acting crazy, it was understandable why they wouldn't be very happy about it.

"Dr. Strangelove"- Amanda Ruffalo

I enjoyed the film “Dr. Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb�. I found Kubrick’s representation of technology in the film very interesting. In Charles Maland's article, he talks about the use of technology and what it says about our society, “This challenge to technology-both to the stress on technique in society and to the increasing importance of machines in modern life-was to become a dominant theme in the late 1960s�. Kubrick’s use of technology made the film the satirical comedy that it was. Kubrick’s idea of the importance technology was kind of over the top. If the technology in the movie would have worked efficiently, human kind would have been saved. This seems a bit drastic but Kubrick definitely gets his point across about the importance of technology in every day life. Maland’s mentions, “Kubrick develops his attitude toward technology in Dr. Strangelove by making use of both machines of destruction and machines of communication; the problem in the film is that while people handle the machines of destruction with great alacrity, the more neutral machines of communication are either ineffectual or turned toward destructive purposes�. This meaning that man is more than ready to use dangerous technology that they know nothing about but is not able to use technology, such as a telephone, correctly. The movie began with the failure of the phones for communication in the time where they can’t reach the plane to tell them to turn the plane around and not to bomb Russia. I believe that one of Kubrick’s ideas for the movie was showing the incompetence of man and how they think they can use such deadly machines when they can’t even handle a simple technology such as a phone. This was shown with many uses of technology throughout the film, for example, as I mentioned earlier, the pentagon couldn’t communicate with the plane sent to bomb Russia, or when Peter Sellers was trying to call the president from a pay phone and didn’t have enough money to make the important call. Showing that in times of need, communication wasn’t possible. It also didn’t seem like a big importance to fix the communication. For example, President Muffley was on the phone with Demitree for a long time talking about nonsense things. They seemed to be taking their time talking to each other, like nothing bad was happening. Kubrick is saying, if man can't handle a simple technology such as a phone, how do they think they can handle such deadly machines of destruction? Overall, this movie was interesting. It was definitely something I have never seen before and the satirical humor made for a very entertaining film to watch.

Dr. Strangelove-Sukhpal Dhillon

Dr. Strangelove is a humorous, witty, and politically motivated film that does an excellent job portraying the dangers of nuclear warfare. On August 6th 1945 when the first nuclear bomb was dropped on Hiroshima the way that nations would interact with one another changed drastically. Now man had created a bomb capable of destroying an entire city, killing hundreds of thousands of people within seconds. After the Cuban Missile crisis that shocked and scared the nation in 1962 director Stanley Kubrick did a marvelous job creating this dark humor film that in reality could actually occur!

Kubrick portrayed the severity of the cold world situation quite well. It showed how easily a nuclear war could be undergone. The biggest and most noticeable is the chain of command that had initially launched the whole sequence of events. When General Ripper sets the code to start the nuclear bomb strike, it was basically impossible to stop the situation. They had cut connections with the plane itself; General Ripper had boarded himself within his base. The movie really displayed how fragile or how close the nightmare of a nuclear war could become. President Muffley puts it best when he states that General Ripper is a psychotic. Kubrick makes the American people think is it right for top military officers to decide the foreign policy of America? That’s why the characters General Buck, General Ripper, Colonel Guano, and Air Force Major King Kong are all seen as loveable idiots. Even the President is seen as a fool. Why do men like these get to decide the fate of not only millions of Americans but billions of people around the world? General Ripper states that “there is no place in war for politicians,� which surprisingly makes sense coming from him.

America has always been portrayed as a land of the honorable, free, and brave but multiple times Nazi images can be seen portrayed on the leaders. A good example is when Buck wants to bomb all of Russia which in turn would kill 10 to 20 million people and the President likens him to Adolf Hitler. Another is with Dr. Strangelove towards the end informing to repopulate the world they must only pick the finest of human specimens. Overall though the film makes a complete mockery of the Cold War it is undoubtedly something that can be seen as insightful!

Dr. Strangelove and the Cold War: Elizabeth Bassett

Although it was not a box office hit when it first came out, Dr. Strangelove or: How I Stopped Worrying and Learned to Love the Bomb has become a classic of high historical value in the world of cinema. Over the decades, this film has allowed Americans the opportunity to view the nuclear arms race between the Soviet Union and the United States through a different lens other than the text book. Cinematography was utilized to embellish various aspects of the dark nature of the human mind as well as the blanket we as a society lived under during that time period.
Kubrick once stated on an interview pertaining to his film, “It occurred to me I was approaching the project in the wrong way. The only way to tell the story was as a black comedy, or better, a nightmare comedy...� This statement makes absolute sense from the perspective of a movie-goer of today’s society. With black and white color, the film emulates an eerie, almost fantasized mood. As black, dark scenes in today’s cinema culture often represent horror and nightmares, this was also true in 1964 when the film was produced. Dark scenes signified the nightmare that was currently on the American people of which they were unable to escape or awaken. The black and white nature of the film also made the characters appear ghostlike, as if they were merely figments of one’s imagination. This added even greater fear as it signified the political figures of the time as creepy and unpredictable. Producing the film in black and white may also have added relevancy as black and white films became less and less common over the decades and adding to its historical value.
At the time, it would have been difficult for this film to work as a serious drama about the possibilities of war. Nuclear war was too great a reality at the time and people often go to movies to escape from real life. Producing the film in a satirical manner allowed the American public a chance to lighten the situation. At the same time, however, Kubrick stated that the “things you laugh at the most are really the heart of the paradoxical postures that make nuclear war possible.� The most absurd situations happened to be the very events that sent shivers up the spines of many individuals. By nature, this allowed a chance for the American people to either realize the true enormity of the situation or laugh it away as a strictly political affair of little concern to them.

Dr. Strangelove - Eric Nelson

I can honestly say that I enjoyed Dr. Strangelove. The humor hit me like, well, an atomic bomb. The representations of technology in the film point towards our society as being technologically savvy, but also a race of self destruction. We take great technological advancements and turn them into tools of war. More effort is put into technologies that destroy life and less effort is put towards technologies that save lives, which is why the bombs drop and do what they were designed to do, but the safe guards never accomplish what they are supposed to.

I don’t think critics of the time did get it. They did not look into the film deep enough and only took what was on the surface, which I found hilarious, and called it slander. I also agree with the characters being viewed as loveable lunatics, because it is all in good fun and for purposes of entertainment. This movie was not intended to make the military or politicians look foolish, but rather to incorporate comedy with a message.

I actually do not think that people understand the seriousness of the message. Most people would watch the movie and say it was humorous because lets face it people go to movies to be entertained not to analyze and think.

Dr. Strangelove - Colleen May

“Dr. Strangelove or: how I learned to stop worrying and love the bomb,� is a hilarious satire that illustrates the absurdity of people’s ignorance and complacency regarding nuclear war. I think the film’s main criticism was meant to be more general, exposing American’s blind faith in technology and politics. It “mocks not only militarism, Edward Teller, and the Pentagon, but all pretensions to moral judgment on the part of men (all of us) who have delivered their environment into the hands of totally amoral technological sciences their decisions (the very stuff of morality) to gamesmen aspiring through amorality to science� (Burgess, 1964)

I agree Maland that two assumptions need to be met for this widespread acceptance and blind faith to be present; 1) “the structure of American society [is] basically sound� and 2) something is “clear danger to the survival of the United States and its allies� (Maland, 1964). When the film was made, that “something� was communism. In 2001, the same two assumptions were met, with terrorism filling in as the clear danger to the United States, contributing to the hasty, strongly supported invasion of Iraq.

As Maland writes, the dangerous “gap between man’s scientific and technological skill and his social, political, and moral ineptitude,� makes such complacency all the more disastrous. The characters in “Dr. Strangelove� hilariously illustrate this gap with their follies, erring on the side of destroying the world when programming “doomsday device� that cannot be deactivated to “rule out human meddling.� When told that one of the B52s is still in the air, “that’s impossible; look at the big board!� Technology is trusted over logic and reasoning of humans.

Dr. Strangelove reflection

Throughout history the advent of new weapons has changed the war that war is fought. This has had tremendous impact on human society. Cannons for example meant that cities could no longer have really high unreinforced walls. The firearm meant that plate armor was no more effective than cloth. There are dozens of great examples of this. But technology has also lead to advances in diplomacy and peace, although very slowly. It has been said many times that Generals are only prepare to fight the previous war. I think this is also true of Presidents, politicans, and the public. In an open society everyone must be up to date. Advances in warfare required advances in peacemaking.

Alfred Noble, the inventor of Dynamite first thought that his invention of explosives would make war so terrible that people would not fight war at all anymore. The first conflict after the discovery proved otherwise. This is why Noble set up the Noble prize committee, with awards in physics, literature, music, and peace.

Those different reactions are distinct to how the world reacted to the age of atomic weapons. Some reconized that nuclear weapons could only be a weapon of last resort, others just viewed them as big bombs and advocated their use in the Korean war and even North Vietnam.

I believe that Kubrick greatly re-defined the debate over nuclear proliferation in his film Dr. Strangelove. He did so by highlighting key malignancies and paradoxes. These problems are of human error and mutually assured destruction.
Kubrick used the plan "R" and the "doomsday device" as a set-up to show how and single human error in such a destructive system invalidates the legmitacy of such a system. In the film general Turgison explains Plan R to the president as being necessary for a so called "legimate" revenge system. The paradox is in order for deterrent to be effective, it must be absoulute. The b-52s must be able to act without a command structure. And the doomsday device is basically the inverse. Instead of letting the bombers act as their own organism, the doomsday device goes a step farther and computerizes the apocalyptic process making it even more automous that the b-52s which could have gotten a re-call code but didn't.

" opposite of war is not peace, it's creation! Yippie!!!! " - Jonathan Larson

What we as humans must do is to work toward peace. Peace in our time in possible if it means enough to you for you to work for it. It will be an active process, and it will be very hard. We cannot fight the national guard into submission, if we want change we must vote for change and adopt the policy that all men are brothers and bothers shouldn't fight over land or lovers or missiles.

February 15, 2008

Dr. Strangelove Mikhail Karpich

According to Burgess’ review, General Kipper, Guano, and col. Kong are represented as lovable lunatics and not as incompetent or villains in the Dr. Strangelove satire film. I strongly agree with this assessment. During Kubrick’s preparation for filming Dr. Strangelove he came to this belief, “a psychotic general could engage in what Kahn termed ‘unauthorized behavior,’ and send bombers to Russia,� according to the article Dr. Strangelove (1964) Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus by C. Maland. This is what the plot of the movie came to be. General Kipper, Guano, and Kong were definitely not incompetent they knew exactly what they were doing and how to do it. They were aware of the risks, consequences, and results of sending bombers to the Soviet Union. Of course they were making these decisions based on their own beliefs. Their motives, logic, rationale, and reasoning were skewed in what they wanted to accomplish. I believe that man’s striving is described well by J. Burgess in the “Anti-Militarism� of Stanley Kubrick reading for this week, “Its processes are governed by decisions of thought and feeling rather than by formulae of the counsels of caution.� These military leaders are not portrayed as villains either. They are doing what they think is best for there country. General Kipper, upon ordering the attack, stated that it was the military leaders that used to take action during war and not the politicians who knew nothing about war. General Kipper was just doing what he felt was the best course of action against the “Communists.� They are definitely lovable lunatics in that sense. They are serious and crazy in what they are doing but at the same time they are presented humorously.

Dr. Strangelove-Craig Smith

After seeing Dr. Strangelove, it is impossible to imagine the movie being made in any other genre but a black comedy. Kubrick's laughable and goofball characters are perfect for telling a story about the horrors of a nuclear war. The idea of nuclear war is so horrific that it is almost laughable. What would be the point of setting of hundreds of high powered nuclear devices all over the planet? If anyone (anything) survived the initial blast, they would surely perish quickly from the ubiquitous radioactive fallout created by the bombs. The point of Dr. Strangelove is that nobody could possibly win a nuclear war, as any potential "winner" would be among the casualties of their own attack.

I think that one must be aware of basic history in order to appreciate the comedy of this movie, as well as the magnitude of its message. For example, General Ripper, the man responsible for the giving the order for nuclear attack, resorts to McCarthyism during his broadcast message to the men on his base, saying that they needed to exercise "extreme watchfulness" of potential communist infiltration and that because of this, they should "shoot first and ask questions later". Senator McCarthy riled up the country into such activities, asking all citizens to be on alert for, and to immediately report, suspected communist activity. General Ripper's paranoia and probable psychosis mirrors the real life Senator McCarthy, who was so anti-communist that, in a way, he was a communist himself. Anyone who spoke out against his ideologies was labeled a communist, much like anyone living in the Soviet Union under Stalin's rule was subject to unjust labeling and arrest for similar minor infractions.

The humor of the movie is best summed up by a quote from President Muffley: "You can't fight in the War Room!"

Dr. Strangelove - John Erck

The film "Dr. Strangelove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb" was to me more a weapon of wit than a comedically charged film. Directed by Stanley Kubrick and loosely based on the thriller novel Red Alert, Dr. Strangelove was at its hearts a tool used to focus on the follies, abuses, and incompetence of the Unites States government and ultimately, human beings in general. As I interpreted it, the film's ultimate goal was to express discontent by means of ridicule, mockery, and irony with an intent to bring about change. On the surface the film is funny but once you begin to look beyond the surface humor, it's easy to see the deeper meaning. The film's plot is strongly driven by either the success or failure of certain technologies. What was ironic though was that the most eccentric or complex pieces of technology worked consistently and flawlessly while the most rudimentary pieces failed continuously. For example, near the end of the movie when they're attempting to launch a nuclear weapon, a simple "blown fuse" stops the entire process. Also, the "three letter code" that was needed in order to get the U.S. bomber planes to turn around proved to be too much to overcome. It was my interpretation that these seemingly simple pieces of technology or easy to solve codes were used to make a mockery of the people in charge of using a nuclear weapon. Also, the film directly made a mockery of military personnel by portraying them to be idiots. Being as young as I am, it's hard for me to have a strong position on this film (considering its correlation with the Cold War). Quite frankly, I can't definitively say if I liked it or disliked it. I've been to Washington DC and I've toured the WWII memorial. Seeing that memorial and more specifically the virtues and ideologies that American soldiers as well as Allied forces fought to uphold touched me. So, if I had to lean one way or the other with regard to my overall opinion of the film, I'd have to lean towards disliking it. I'm aware that the US government is far from perfect, but to make a blatant mockery of the institution and its people is more or less like spitting in somebody's face...quite tasteless. Now on the other hand, criticism can also be the cause for positive change and forward progress. So, perhaps the film served a distinct purpose and in turn has made the world a better place. Considering the fact that it was created and does exist, we'll never know what the world would have been like without it!

Dr. Strangelove for Katie Kunik

“You can’t fight in here, this is the war room!� This line from Dr. Strangelove in essence sums up the parody of the movie. It is clearly a political satire about the arms race with the Soviets and the scare of nuclear warfare. One theme emphasized in the movie was the presence of technology, working and non-working. One instance of the non-functioning technology was when President Muffley was in conversation with Kissov, and the phone was cutting in and out. Another example of this is once the code was finally figured out to stop the unplanned attack on the Soviets, one plane’s radio went out just before this, and they continued with their mission. Both of these examples were very problematic because the methods of communication were not working, but were the most important means of preventing a nuclear war with the USSR, which would in turn set off the doomsday device. On the other hand, the machines intended for destruction were in proper working order, or were fixed at the opportune moment throughout the movie. An example of this is the doomsday device, which would be triggered by any attack on the Soviet Union. The device is special in that it has no command to reverse the destruction. In “Dr. Strangelove: Nightmare Comedy and the Ideology of Liberal Consensus�, Maland thinks this use of working destructive technology is “to perceive a human death instinct� (712). He says that by creating these destructive machines in order to kill others is a debate to whether the human race has really progressed in the ways of technology.

The representations of working technology and non working technology could represent the irony in the nuclear war with the USSR at the time of the movie. During the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, had the US employed McNamara’s third option of striking first before the Soviets could hit us; the nuclear war would have started. This is because the Soviet missiles were lined up and ready to attack any US troops that decided to invade Cuba. It may also suggest how quickly the arms race was escalating, and weapons were being produced so fast that the non-weapon technology couldn’t keep up.

Dr. Strangelove - Marc Dunham

I found Stanley Kubrick’s Dr. Stranglove or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb to be both an entertaining and quite effective portrayal of a very imminent fear during the 1960s. Although I see and appreciate the satirical content of the film, movies of this nature often undergo heavy scrutiny and criticism, typically because people view the content too literally.

I think Kubrick’s portrait of the military was not so much intended to make a mockery of the armed forces or their personnel; rather it was a way of exposing the ridiculousness of the general “Red Scare� on a more dramatic level. Kubrick takes the American public’s general fear and paranoia and places it in the minds of those charged with their protection. He is trying to show how quickly, needlessly, and irreversibly things can escalate to the breaking point when people’s rationale is replaced with such hysteria. Unfortunately, due to the medium of the message, most viewers will tend to be appalled by the literal interpretation rather than take in the true meaning and reevaluate their own outlooks. This was exemplified in part by the film’s poor box office showing at the time of its release.

Despite the limited appeal of the film, I think that the approach of a dark comedy was the most effective one. Much of the behavior displayed in the movie is so ridiculous that people can’t help but be amused because of the absurdity of it all. Once the connection is made that this behavior is more representative of the average viewer than of those exhibiting it on the screen, people may be more inclined to take a second look at their position and the appropriateness of their actions and reactions.

Dr. Strangelove - Tom Kuppe

Great movie, and judging by the number of people laughing at it I assume the class liked it a little. I wonder though if the longer scenes and mocking of the military may have turned some people off to the movie? Making fun of the enemy is fine but our own peoples foibles run the risk of enraging the patriotic. Since we didn't grow up with the red scare going on we laugh easily at the topic but its understandable that people at the time of the movies release were a little unsure. It would be like a movie coming out today making fun of the possibility of a terrorist attack. Although I'd probably see that movie now that I think about it.

The movies "villains" aren't so much evil as they are representations of people who do their jobs far too well. Ripper's job as a General was to protect the country from Communism and because he has been affected personally recently he immediately blames the enemy and not himself. Kong is all to determined to be a successful soldier and complete his mission by any means necessary. And Guano's instructed to just suspect everyone at the base of being an enemy trying to trick him. Villains would be people who are well aware of what they are doing wrong but do it anyway. All these people seem to be more of victims of circumstance and unknowing villains.

Derek Peltier

The movie Dr. Strangelove and How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb is a nightmare comedy, or black comedy, that exposes the advancements of technologies in the 1960s. However, Stanley Cubrick the movie director portrays these advancements in a humorous manner. I think by using black comedy to represent nuclear war, in some way, takes away the creditability of the movie and the subject matter. The nuclear war and the new technologies is a serious subject and I think someone who did know about the war and watched this movie would take this matter very lightly because they know that it is a serious subject. Someone knows nothing about the nuclear war would think that it was not that big of deal if they had seen this movie. However, I believe Cubrick assumes the type of audience that would go watch this type of movie would have some knowledge or background about the war and would already know it is not a laughing matter. At times, I found the movie funny, but I still understood the seriousness of the topic.
I believe Cubrick and this movie did portray the military unfairly mostly because it is the nature of the film. Cubrick pokes fun at the military and makes light of the government and their power. I think critics do get the movie, but I think some of them did not find it funny, therefore, reacting in a negative way.
I feel the statement about General Ripper, Col. Kong and “Bat� Guano being lovable lunatics could be a correct statement. They are not villains. However, I feel it does say a little something about our society that we can put those two words together and it is socially acceptable. Lovable is usually known as nice, sweet, and soft and lunatics are usually referred to as crazy, psycho and scary. But when you put those two words together it has an entirely different meaning. It could mean something along the lines of that you hate them so much that you love them. I think it is interesting that this is a socially accepted phrase in our society.

"Dr.Strangelove..." - Kim Hanlon

I have to start out by saying that I enjoyed the movie very much. I did not expect it to be so entertaining and comical. The director and writers took all of the actors and turned them into stereotypically funny characters. The film was not to be taken as making fun of people, but for the public to realize how petty and silly we look sometimes when we engage each other, country’s, in war and other such arguments.
The writers of this film portrayed the technology of warfare in such a way that the countries represented in the film, America, Russia and Germany, were seen as ones who wanted to take over the world, but would end up destroying it instead. Russia had the ‘Doom’s Day’ machine that would automatically be launched if anyone attacked Russia. The ambassador of Russia said that there was no way to disarm it and that it would cause total destruction and uninhabitable conditions for 93 years. These representations of far fetched ideas and notions shows that these ‘world powers’, or countries, are very power hungry and are not very interested in just living with all of our differences from society to society. It also shows that all we, people, care about is power and dominance of others.
Technologies of total destruction and dominance always seem to fail. No one has yet to completely dominate the entire world and take over all countries, although some countries are trying to do so or have tried no has yet succeeded, thankfully.
The comical side of the film came in with the superior technological skill and the incompetent politicians and military officials. I believe that the writers were just trying to emphasize how ridiculous some of the decisions are that country’s leaders make and how outrageous ideas are ruining this world and our relations with other people.
The film pokes fun at the military and politicians. I do not think it unfairly portrays them; it just puts to light some of the ideal thinking that goes on in government. Of course not all of the military thinks and acts the way that the characters in the film did, but some military personnel have extreme ideals and views on having world power. I thought the film was hilarious in portraying such extreme ideas. The pilot was wearing a cowboy hat and riding the nuclear warhead, heading for a Russian landmark, like it was a bucking bull. The film is not to be taken seriously.
I would hope that the critics of the film would understand the film. They might not like it if they have ties to the military or government, but they should be able to understand its humor. It was a film of the 60’s, however, so it is hard to say whether critics will ‘get it’ or not.
I agree with Burgess’ analysis, “The curious thing about Dr. Strangelove as a satire is that Gen. Ripper, Col. Kong, “Bat� Guano… are shown not as incompetents or villains, but as lovable lunatics�, in the fact that the characters are so extreme and their claims and ideals are so far fetched that it is funny and you can not help but like their characters.
I believe that Stanley Kubrick had to use nightmare comedy to effectively portray this movie because of the content of nuclear warfare being the focus. Nightmare comedy gets his point across about how crazy people can get over power. I do not think the film would have gone over well in the 1960’s if he would have used any other technique to get his point across. It would have been too serious and could have caused uproar and people being extremely frightened.
I understood the seriousness of nuclear war from the film, even though it was meant to be funny. The humor makes the message lighter in the sense that it does not scare you to death, but it still makes you aware of the dangers of nuclear war.

February 14, 2008

Jess Doll's Reflection of Doc. Strangelove

The film Dr Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb
is a black comedy, which portrays the advances and consequences of nuclear technology in the early 1960's in a casual and humorous way. The casual and humorous approach which director Stanley Kubrick took was some what of a risk considering the seriousness of the issue, but this Kurbrick realized, stating that the best approach is a black comedy, "where the things you laugh at the most are really the heart of the paradoxical postures that make nuclear war possible."

While some of the characters, such as Major King Kong (who physically straddles a nuclear warhead like a horse and rides it to his death) and psychotic General Ripper, were a little over the top, the comic relief made the film much more enjoyable (as opposed to watching a gloom and doom film about nuclear war). While the threat of nuclear war loomed over citizens and was a definite possibly in the 1960's, Kurbrick was able to use comedy to express his view of nuclear war technologies, which is a challenging task. Kurbrick's view states that although scientists are making enormous advances in technology, he is not convinced that man has the wisdom to use these new technologies properly. You can see examples of his view throughout the movie, when almost every piece of technology (phones, plains, warheads) malfunction, thus causing life threatening consequences. Overall, the film was enjoyable to watch and sent a quality message about nuclear war, unfortunately, the younger film audience of the 1960's was not as interested in Dr Strangelove or How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb.

Christina Johnston- Strangelove

Dr. Strangelove was not one of my favorite movies that we have watched so far in this class. It was very affective in making a mockery of the United States military, however, I found the degree of ridiculousness too unbelievable. Dr. Strangelove does achieve its goal in exposing an exaggerated version of the diplomatic and political interactions that went on during the arms race. It was a time in history during which the fear of communism drove Americans to the brink of paranoia. For example, during this era in American History, there were a myriad of propaganda-posters, “duck and cover� commercials, and an increased promotion of fallout shelters. These methods were used by the media to perpetuate suspicion of the “big ten,� the group of ten actors who were blacklisted and suffered ruined careers because they were believed to be communists.
Dr. Strangelove works along the same lines as all the propaganda that was being thrown out, however, it differs in one distinct way. The movie portrays the whole situation as ludicrous, and the Russians as equally ignorant as the Americans. In everyday life, communists were vilified, whereas in this film, a mockery was made of both countries. The members of the air force team were comical, and purposefully shown to be the ‘ignorant Americans’ who only want to serve their country, but are utterly unprepared. The Pilot is the worst offender of being hopelessly clueless and unintelligent, as he rode the bomb towards the end of the world and screamed in victory. Similarly, Bat, the soldier/guard of the British General reflected ignorance and stupidity of many in this film. An example of this is when he threatens the General with the fact that the coca-cola company will come after him if he shot the machine so that the General could call the president. The irony that this soldier would be more concerned with destroying public property, than informing the president of the code to stop the end of the world, is quite obvious.
It was a decent movie, and got the point across that the arms race was in itself a little ridiculous, however, I didn’t find it particularly engaging to watch.

Jordan Heighway- Dr, Strangelove

1). The representations of technology in the film so numerous things about our society on various levels. First of all, we structure our society so that there are several levels to proceed with a military like action. Yet, because of how the technology was improperly set up, somebody (Ripper) was allowed to abuse the power and start the catastrophic war. The technology that always seems to fail is computers. Ever since computers have been invented, we have depended more and more upon them, and therefore have a sense of fear of their failure. Communication technologies always also seem to fail. When (Mandrake) desperately needs to make a call, all of the available telephone lines are down. Yet, the pay phone, which is still operational, still fails because of connection problems with the operator. Few technologies seem to succeed in movies, but one that typically succeeds is the "big board". In war movies, every thing always seems to be going absolutely wrong yet the "big screens" that they use to track aircraft, airborne weaponry and other things always seems to work. In this movie, it was even pointed out by General Turdigson that "(the russian ambassador) can't see the big board!"

2). The film doesn't accurately depict military personnel but it rather depicts a situation that is beyond military control. I find few people who would agree that this is an accurate depiction of military personnel because the military is always so "serious" whereas this movie was a clear satire of this. The satire results from the views of the general public on the "stupid" military policies that the movie clearly pokes fun of. I find it hard for people not to understand the movie today, but back when the movie was made I could clearly see an opposition to the combination of nuclear war and comedy. For example, if somebody made a satire about the 9/11 attacks, many people would not accept it. Later, once the "dust settles", people can look back at what the director/writer was trying to portray-- similar to what happened with this film and Stanley Kubrik.

3.) I do agree with the assesment that they are known as "lovable lunatics". They often say stuff that is so bizarre and out there (such as Ripper's idea of communists infiltrating the water system) that it makes people laugh. When villiians are comical in nature, people react much better to the characters then when thye are true villians. These characterizations of lovable lunatics relate to our society because many people believe that politicians and military personnel are a little bit "looney" for how they act anyway, so this film relies on peoples perceptions to perpetuate the characterizations.

4.) The way that Kubrick used a black, satire to explain his nuclear war story is peer genius. It was effective because nobody in their right mind at the time would have thought of making fun of a nuclear war, when everybody believed that an total nuclear war could happen literally anyday. This film definately could've worked as a drama, but I don't think that it would've had near the reaction nor the critical acclaim. There have been several attempts to make serious nuclear war dramas (such as Fail Safe and others) that have been successful, but not nearly on the level of this film. This film was funny to the class, but at the time I believe that many people wouldn't have laughed regardless. People were well aware of how dangerous a nuclear war was, but a satirical comedy can express how dangerous a nuclear war is through laughs. The movie was funny and the attack was pointless, and yet (in the film) the world wound up being exploded through and through. The movie helped people realize how pointless an all out nuclear attack would be for either country.

The Smart Use of Black Comedy in Dr. Strangelove - Sarah Osborne

I found it surprising how different Dr. Strangelove was in comparison to the film we watched two weeks ago, Sahara. It is obvious that after World War II the OWI had no control over which movies made it to the big screen. In Dr. Strangelove, Kubrick makes his point clear that the hysteria regarding nuclear weapons was out of control in our country. He makes his point most evident through the character General Jack Ripper, who calls for the nuclear attack on Russia because of his paranoia of communism. He was even convinced that fluoridated water was the communists’ way of taking over the “bodily fluids� of the Americans, creating impotence – ridiculous! However, around the time this movie came out Americans were not too far short of General Ripper’s paranoia. As we discussed in class, completely innocent people were accused of being communists, ruining careers and lives, and people were living in constant fear of nuclear bombs.

I think the use of black comedy in this nuclear war film exposed the true absurdity of the American paranoia; however, at the same time Kubrik brilliantly made the film reassuring to American citizens that a nuclear war wasn’t just going to happen anytime. So many things had to go wrong in this movie for the nuclear attack to begin. There was a wacky General who called an attack without confirming it, a ridiculously passive president who talked to the Russian leader like someone would talk to their upset wife, a plane malfunction, and many more odd incidents. Dr. Strangelove made a nuclear war seem a little more far-fetched than they had been afraid of.

I don’t believe that a serious drama would’ve been as effective on Americans. They were already afraid from all of the warnings by newsreels and commercials such as the “duck and cover� clip that made it seem like a bomb could just strike anywhere, anytime. Dr. Strangelove wasn’t very popular when it first came out because people took it the wrong way due to their paranoid attitudes, so I think a serious movie on the issue would’ve just made people more paranoid about the possibilities instead of helping ease their minds.

Dr. Strangelove or: Patrick Fryberger

This my third time around watching Dr. Strangelove and I feel I enjoyed it much more than the previous viewing. The main reasons for this were actually because I found myself buying into the crutches and strengths of the film and its general intentions, which I will explain presently. First off, before watching it, learning some of the gritty details about the A-Bombs of WW2 really enhanced the concept of the film being a "nightmare comedy." I mean, I had felt that twinge of fear at the back of my thoughts in previous viewings but oddly enough with the more I watch it the more it gets to me. That being said, I also bought into the humor a lot more this time around. The first time I had watched it I had really enjoyed it and the second time brought it into a humbling paradigm of sorts, but this time I really enjoyed the film for what made it so famous. Nuclear war being a joke is just as dark as advertised, and what makes this film so original is the way it takes satire to such epic and pressing proportions. Kubrick plays with this 'epic-ness' most expertly in the way that the audience cheers for the airmen aboard the bomber, while simultaneously garnering support for Mandrake as he frantically tries to communicate the code to the top officials. The film is also original for its stark 'n dark style (even for black and white), its seemingly second-by-second plotline, and its general joking about serious or risque topics, among other things. I remember hearing that the original ending consisted of a food fight and the infamous line "Gentlemen, our beloved president has been struck down in his prime," obviously alluding to JFK (see here for more info--http://www.geocities.com/SunsetStrip/Underground/9798/piefight.htm). Though the present ending is great in itself, I feel the original ending would've been the topping on the cake (no pun intended) in making the film a full-fleshed dark satire. That would've been the boldest move of an already extremely bold film, but you take what you can. Backtracking, the humor works on so many levels, from upper-echelon dark satire to dumb, gross-out humor like “Bat Guano.� The amount of sexual humor in the film is also outrageous for the times--in general the film is way ahead of its time. In a way, it could be argued that Dr. Strangelove is the first truly modern film. I don't know if I personally would agree with it--maybe something more like The Night of the Hunter or Bonnie & Clyde--but either way a strong case can be made for many of the reasons listed above. All in all, it was great to watch it again and I've really found a new respect for it through further learning about some of the non-satirical background information of the time.

February 13, 2008

Dr. Strangelove by Allison Veire

The success and failure of technology plays a large part in the war effort portrayed in Dr. Strangelove. Looking at some of the simple camera filler shots, many of them portray subtle technological themes. For example, when they show the cockpit of the plane there are numerous of seemingly intentional shots that show every switch being turned and every light indicator. I find myself asking, is all of this really necessary, but when it’s viewed from a larger spectrum with more considerations it seems plausible. It seems that with every switch thrown we are one small step closer to detonation. Maland portrays this idea well in his article when he says, “Kubric has returned constantly to one of the gravest dilemmas of modern industrial society: the gap between man’s scientific and technological skill and his social, political, and moral ineptitude.� So it seems here that the technology we have gained cannot be introduced properly into the social and political arena.
As the plot of the movie unfolds, it becomes interesting to see what works and what doesn’t in a technological sense. A recurring theme seems to be that everything that could potentially stop the nuclear bombs from being dropped ironically malfunctions, with the exception of the air plane doors. For example, when the general’s assistant finally figured out the code he hasn’t enough money to make the phone call, and “bat guano� isn’t exactly the most eager to assist him. It’s also ironic that the plane’s communication specifically for war order is shot down ultimately by the people in which it would have saved if still functioning properly.
In this movie the technology provides some comedic relief. The other generals many references to “the board,� which is nothing more than a map of Russia with blinking lights, gives us a sense of its importance to the war effort. I also found it particularly humorous that the pilot, coincidentally wearing a cowboy hat, ends up riding the nuclear bomb like a bucking bull into the abyss, all because the technology failed.

February 12, 2008

Oakley Tapola Double Indemnity

It is my belief that film noir acts as both an influential, highly descriptive filmic style and a discourse. The style can exist outside of the discourse because it can be used to amplify moods within a film that doesn’t necessarily concern itself within the messages that film noir film represents but the influence of the messages within the style create the discourse so a film that isn’t necessarily considered film noir is influenced by the historical context of the discourse and that’s why the film noir techniques have a particular impact. Film noir has become more than just a film style because it emerged as a way to create freer films. Film noir was a way to undermine the regulations that stunted the creative capacity of film being created around the WWII period, when (racial) tensions in American were incredibly high. Film noir was retaliation. Film noir employs many filmic techniques in order to display darkness and evil encapsulating the main character. There are consistently downward slashing shadows that appear as prison bars. Ominous urban settings are consistently the focal point of action (and subsequent corruption). Minorities are only ever portrayed in the service industry and the white men in charge are always quick to fail, their fate is sealed by the soul contaminating evils of the ancient world (depicted by flashbacks and lines describing the awareness of their downfall). And women are always misleading and lead to doom...film noir is a discourse because it accurately represents the stresses of the time through specific cinematography and storylines.

February 10, 2008

Double Indemnity & Film Noir by Jenna Johnson

I agree that film noir could be considered a genre in itself. When referring to things such as dark cinematography, foreboding situations, violence, sexual innuendo, and other things, “Double Indemnity� seemed to be a straightforward example of so-called film noir in every respect. All of these things contributing to the idea of film noir form a distinct style that surrounds the particular content of social discourse included in such films. The plot in itself would perhaps be filed under a mystery in literary terms, but the way in which the characters were presented, the scenes shot and lit, and the dialogue heard (and inferred) made it much more than that. In reference to other films, one large part different about this movie was the overall atmosphere as far as lighting is concerned. Much of it took place during the night, as dark ideas of murder require darkness for secrecy. This metaphorical effect is one thing that seems to be specific of film noir.

More so, the femme fatale as an aspect of film noir was the predominant force of this film, as the character Phyllis starts the initial conflict/plot of wanting to murder her husband. She acts by the book, luring Walter in under the guise of love and lust only to betray him in the end. She is selfless, seductive, conspiring, and convincing, giving the general feeling that women will act deceptive when they are after what they want-- not a very positive stereotype in this case, yet very much so a classic femme fatale of film noir.

Double Indemnity - Andrew Probelski

Double Indemnity is my second favorite film noir, right behind Hitchcock's Notorious. The dialogue in this film is some of the slickest and wittiest I have ever heard. Walter Neff is a perfectly written character, and every other one-liner he spouts out makes me laugh at how clever and smooth this guy is. Phyllis is a definite Femme-Fatale, for she is as wickedly cruel as she is sweet and sexy. She is clearly a negative representation of women in general, but that is missing the point of the Femme Fatale in my opinion. The Femme Fatale is simply there to add spice to the film, not to be taken as a sweeping generalization of women in general. Come on folks, does she make the story interesting? Of course! She turns the gun on Walter when everything else falls apart, which I can't blame her for. Sure, she manipulated this poor sucker by luring him in with her sex appeal, but that is great entertainment! If you enjoyed this watch Notorious.

Double Indemnity - Andrew Probelski

Double Indemnity is my second favorite film noir, right behind Hitchcock's Notorious. The dialogue in this film is some of the slickest and wittiest I have ever heard. Walter Neff is a perfectly written character, and every other one-liner he spouts out makes me laugh at how clever and smooth this guy is. Phyllis is a definite Femme-Fatale, for she is as wickedly cruel as she is sweet and sexy. She is clearly a negative representation of women in general, but that is missing the point of the Femme Fatale in my opinion. The Femme Fatale is simply there to add spice to the film, not to be taken as a sweeping generalization of women in general. Come on folks, does she make the story interesting? Of course! She turns the gun on Walter when everything else falls apart, which I can't blame her for. Sure, she manipulated this poor sucker by luring him in with her sex appeal, but that is great entertainment! If you enjoyed this watch Notorious.

Film Noir and Minorities - Jon Marshalla

An interesting idea that did not completely occur to me until reading "Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight" is the racial messages that are present in film noir. Unlike other films of the time, film noir focused on the "dark side" of the city and urban environment. In the 1940's, many whites had migrated from the cities to the suburbs, leaving the cities filled with minorities, which in turn fueled the stereotypes and racism present in that time. In Double Indemnity, the setting is also an urban environment. This allows the filmmakers to contrast the "white" environment with the more urban "black" environment. Avila points out that "morally corrupt white folks who inhabit the noir city...often are viewed alongside black service workers...suggesting their ease within the city's black underworld." Due to racism, Neff's interaction with blacks in the city, in a sense, "compromise his whiteness." Blacks were viewed as inferior and much more prone to criminal activity, so it is not surprising that the filmmakers use this interaction along with the dark lighting to portray corruptness.

In my opinion, in film noir like Double Indemnity this use of dark lighting and interaction with blacks serves as an aid to the civil rights movement. While Neff's character is an evil murderer who loses everything in the end, he is also the lead role and the story is told from his point of view, showing that he was still human like every one of us. This type of film allows the viewer to relate to an otherwise repulsive character, and in turn, because of his association with minorities, lessens the stereotypes of minorities as less human.

Double Indemnity - Anthony Zerka

I do not believe that film noir should be considered a movie genre, but as a sub-genre to help illustrate a movie scene. Having film noir be a genre itself will not be relevant as it depicts the setting, tone, and mood of the story taking place rather then what category of genre it falls under. The way the ending ends in a noir are usually sad or watching the hero, or in this case, the villain lose. This is how the story is being portrayed, not how is categorized. In Double Indemnity, the movie portrayed as being a dark, iniquity as the main characters think of a way to kill a man and get away with the insurance money. The main characters are listed as middle-class and living in a well-rounded society where extra money is not needed. I would only assume that after World War II the people of America were still scared, tired, and suspicious on whom they can trust. This movie is far from the notion of helping the American people relieve this type of “post war pressure� as many other Hollywood movies were trying to bring back the optimism to the Americans. In Double Indemnity, you see Phyllis being portrayed as a miserable wreck that is driven by money. Walter on the other hand is shown in the beginning as the underdog in this society and gets sexually motivated by Phyllis to commit murder. The social force of America at the time was in need of money. Coming back from a long, devastating war and recovering from the Great Depression as jobs being taken by the people who did not go war only made it harder to find an employer. I would only assume that the American people were looking to get money any way possible. Phyllis is looked as an independent woman that would persuade men into doing her dirty work by creating sexual tension. She is a negative influence on woman as it correlates with the post-war fear and anti-trust amongst others.

Double Indeminity-Cassandra Johnson

I would have to say that film noir is a genre however broad it may be. I feel that it is a genre because it has characteristics specific to the type of film it is and these characteristics provoke certain kinds of emotions. In most comedy movies people laugh and feel care free or generally happy. In horror movies we typically feel a sense of fright or anticipation. An uneasy or awkward feeling seems to accompany film noir. The contrast of black and white, the shadows and small spaces are the cause for these emotions. The dark eerie urban setting and the musical transgressions throughout the film also play a key role in distinguishing film noir. The very obvious subservient portrayal of African Americans is also an element of film noir. The only time you see an African American throughout the film is when they are doing things like washing the car, cleaning the office, or carrying luggage.

Another element of film noir is the role of the femme fatale and Phyllis Dietrichson fills that role perfectly. At first I felt sense of sympathy for Phyllis. She manipulates the audience as well as Walter Neff into thinking that she is a victim of her very unfortunate circumstances and her extremely mean husband. You almost can't blame her for just throwing the idea out there... Throughout the film I think Phyllis's true intentions become clearer. The very first step of the murder plot is for Walter to go talk to Phyllis's husband about insurance. Then we get a first-hand look at the "monster" she has to deal with. He doesn't seem to be a first rate husband by any means, but he certainly didn't deserve to be murdered. Towards the end Phyllis is exposed for the feme fatale she really is. However easy it did seem to be for Walter Neff to be manipulated, (I mean he only met the woman twice and had the murder all plotted out by their third encounter) she did manipulate him with her undeniable beauty, the promise of love, and her seductive ways.

Double Indemnity's Double Import

The caste of Double Indemnity featured many supporting people of color. While the main characters were white there were several appearances throughout the film of various ethnicities. While film noir generally features minorities in “meager and misery-laden roles subservient to institutions servicing white America� their treatment in this film was not so apparent. There was the African American ticket taker on the train and the car washer in the garage he used as an alibi. There was also the house maid, all subservient roles but the film portrayed them as happy not down trodden oppressed. There was also a white elevator man and a white ticket collector on the train. So while the minorities were shown as serving the white establishment it was with a smile and shared with white workers.
This makes sense for the time. Racial inequalities were still apparent and for the most part legal. But there was a growing movement to increase the presence of different groups in Hollywood and the increasing power of organizations that protested offensive stereotypical treatments. So the inclusion of various people of color was a wise choice. But the studios also had to be careful to not antagonize their white target audience; hence the nonthreatening roles and subservient demeanor. The car washer in particular fell into the “smiling uncle tom� stereotype that has been a part of America’s popular culture since slavery; the happy helper that ‘knows their place’ and is content with it. It assuages any guilt the audience might feel at the limited roles and minimizes any anxieties about a racial uprising.
Nyssa Shawstad

Cameron White: Film Noir

First off I want to say that I thought the film Double Indemnity was brilliant portrayal of film noir. One theme of film noir that was very apparent through the film the use of "black and white" as a way to portray "good and evil." At the beginning of the film Walter Neff goes to Phyllis's house to sell her insurance. At this point in the film Phyllis comes off as a very genuinely kind lady and is wearing a white dress which symbolizes "good." After Phyllis finds out about the accidental insurance policy she uses her good looks and kind personality to seduce Mr. Neff into thinking that she is in love with him along with that her husband is a terrible man that treats her with no respect. This is "femme fatale," at its finest. As the film goes on Phyllis turns from wearing white attire to black showing the evil side, which we find out are her true colors. An example where she wears the color black is on the night she kills her husband. Film Noir was also used in the killing through the use of music. The music was very loud and fast, which I believe was a way to let the viewer be aware something bad is about to happen.
White and black also played another role in the film when it came to African Americans as actors during the 1940's and 1950's. During this time in history segregation between whites and black was prevalent. As discussed in lecture whites lived in the cites while blacks lived in urban areas (Eric Avilo). The same sort of things were happening in the film industry, white played the main roles while blacks and other minorities had the roles of maids and butlers. Walter Wright was the spokes person for blacks to help them get better roles in films. An example of this from Double Indemnity is how Phyllis has a maid working for her.
I really enjoyed this film because of the use of film noir and how the producer made it so easy to follow.

Week 3 Double Indemnity -- Colin McGuire

Again, I thoroughly enjoyed last week’s movie, Double Indemnity. My favorite part was Walter’s excessive use of “baby� throughout the movie.

I would have to argue against the statement that film noir is not a genre. Film noir is defined by moods, lighting, and visual styles and is a category of film in its own that differs from other genres. I would agree that film noir crosses over a few boundaries of other genre’s by combining defining aspects of them, but is still its own genre. For instance, Double Indemnity could be classified under certain genres as drama or crime to name a couple. But the movie contains many aspects that define film noir. The constant use of shadows, dark and light contrasts, appropriate music, and femme fatal gives the movie a feel different from the norm horror or drama movie.

In lecture, a few terms used to describe film noir were an anti-hero, corruptness, and sexual innuendo. Double Indemnity contained all three of these. Walter, the main character appears to be coming to the rescue of Phyllis in the beginning of the movie to save her from her abusive and absent husband. Yet it turns out that Walter was being used and it turns more to the fact that he has just helped murder a girl’s father, not a husband. The next two terms, corruptness and sexual innuendo, describe Phyllis’ role in Double Indemnity. She takes an honest insurance salesman and uses her femme fatal characteristics to corrupt his sense of right and wrong. She flirts, seduces, and tells Walter she loves him to get her way and plan accomplished. She had an angelic face, but was sexually malicious. As Walter killed Mr. Dietrichson, she just starred straight ahead without emotion. In reference to Phyllis, Walter said, “No nerves, no tears, not even a blink of the eye.�

As said in lecture, this movie was a model for other movies and started a trend. I was not censored by the government at the point in time when media ws dominated with pictures of D-Day, FDR, and Hiroshima. Double indemnity was the “red meat� of the future movies of its genre.

Week 3 Double Indemnity -- Colin McGuire

Again, I thoroughly enjoyed last week’s movie, Double Indemnity. My favorite part was Walter’s excessive use of “baby� throughout the movie.

I would have to argue against the statement that film noir is not a genre. Film noir is defined by moods, lighting, and visual styles and is a category of film in its own that differs from other genres. I would agree that film noir crosses over a few boundaries of other genre’s by combining defining aspects of them, but is still its own genre. For instance, Double Indemnity could be classified under certain genres as drama or crime to name a couple. But the movie contains many aspects that define film noir. The constant use of shadows, dark and light contrasts, appropriate music, and femme fatal gives the movie a feel different from the norm horror or drama movie.

In lecture, a few terms used to describe film noir were an anti-hero, corruptness, and sexual innuendo. Double Indemnity contained all three of these. Walter, the main character appears to be coming to the rescue of Phyllis in the beginning of the movie to save her from her abusive and absent husband. Yet it turns out that Walter was being used and it turns more to the fact that he has just helped murder a girl’s father, not a husband. The next two terms, corruptness and sexual innuendo, describe Phyllis’ role in Double Indemnity. She takes an honest insurance salesman and uses her femme fatal characteristics to corrupt his sense of right and wrong. She flirts, seduces, and tells Walter she loves him to get her way and plan accomplished. She had an angelic face, but was sexually malicious. As Walter killed Mr. Dietrichson, she just starred straight ahead without emotion. In reference to Phyllis, Walter said, “No nerves, no tears, not even a blink of the eye.�

As said in lecture, this movie was a model for other movies and started a trend. I was not censored by the government at the point in time when media ws dominated with pictures of D-Day, FDR, and Hiroshima. Double indemnity was the “red meat� of the future movies of its genre.

Kris Jones' Double Indemnity

It has been said that film noir is not a genre, but I couldn't disagree more. I find it pretty interesting that there are people who would actually argue against the fact that film noir is, in fact, a genre all its own. Merriam-Webster dictionary defines the word genre as "a category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content." Now, if film noir isn't characterized by a particular style and/or form, I'm not sure what is. Film noir is a type of media defined by its stylish sense of mystery, cleverness, and underlying sexuality, and just the fact that several films could be categorized under this definition is sufficient evidence to the contrary of the statement.

I think Double Indemnity did a wonderful job promoting the idea of a "Femme Fatale" in a time when women were not necessarily seen as powerful characters both on screen and off. Phyllis was a very strong woman who initially rejected Walter's sexual advances in a battle of wits. She later drove Walter crazy enough to devise a criminal murder scheme in order to collect life insurance money, and most importantly, she played the Bonnie to Walter's Clyde in the execution of the plan. She is the epitome of a Femme Fatale, the strong, smart female which was unheard of at the time.

Tom Lulic - Double Indemnity

The movie of the week, Double Indemnity, is a film of lies and deceit that accelerate and spiral into betrayal and death. The metaphoric black and darkness are an example of how this movie is a film noir. This is evident throughout the film and corresponds with the malicious intent each time a character transcends into selfish behavior. This is most obvious in the character Phyllis. She undoubtedly exhibits the qualities of a femme fatale. This is seen throughout the movie however if I had not been aware of her intentions prior to my viewing I certainly would have been fooled as to what she tried to do to Walter. She appears as a very feminine and fragile woman as she enters down the staircase, with a delicate ankle bracelet and white dress and the viewer is not aware of the woman she is underneath. Her idea of survival and how to live life is unknown at first and her disguise makes her to be even more deviant but then we see that she must suck and latch on to oncoming men and their money. What is interesting to see is how she seduces Walter into her transgressive actions. She has no awareness of the consequences to her actions even though they may be detrimental even to her. This is explained well in the reading from Bronfen, "Insofar it was fate they should have met, to play their criminal game to the end ultimately means acknowledging that each is responsible for the fatal consequences of their transgression will have." She appears even to want to live a life of ultimate pain as she chooses to be immoral and deceitful at will. "She chooses destruction at every turn, and in doing so draws attention to the question of inevitability in a tragic sequence." - Bronfen. This quote from the reading shows how she knows what she is doing yet still continues down this path of destruction and as fate would have it she ends in despair all the while she brings everyone around her into sadness and death.

Film Noir: Dominic Nemmers

I would definitely classify film noir as a genre of American film. The cinematography and the mood of film noir and the fact that it occurred during a certain time frame in American history, right after WWII, gives it the embodiment to be a genre. All of the films of film noir really typify much of the resentment of what happened to urban America after WWII. Much of the white soldiers came back from the war looking for something more. They had experienced awful things in combat and were looking to make a better life for themselves and their families. They felt the American dream of owning your own house and having 2.3 kids was the best way to do that. There wasn’t much space in the middle of the usual American city to fit a house and a yard, so the middle, and upper-middle class whites left the city in droves, moving out to suburbia. When they left the city they left much of the blacks and the other minorities behind. While the conditions were better outside of the city, they left much more than that behind. The whites that had left felt themselves superior to the other people who didn’t have the means or the want to leave the city. This made the city seem less desirable than the suburbs, and the inhabitants of those locations were grouped in with the feelings that the whites had for them. The Inner city populous started to be looked upon as less and less favorable people, who were more in cahoots with crimes and other less than desirable qualities. Film noir captures much of the feel of the inner city with its rough dialog and imagery. It also captures much of the femme fetale character; the women who didn’t want to give up the rights that she had gained by being an integral part of the American economy during the war. Much of the femme fetale’s unabashed sexuality, ruthlessness, and ambition come from that fact. Phyllis, in Double Indemnity, really embodies the worries that many men had of the time. The worry that women would become manipulative and evil with the power that the men felt they shouldn’t have. Double Indemnity does a good job of portraying both the film noir genre and much of the feelings of Americans in the tumultuous times after WWII, and thusly, falls into the category of films that I have enjoyed.

Phyllis is a Femme Fatale by Chris Hovel

In the movie Double Indemnity Phyllis displays all of the characteristics of the typical femme fatale. When Walter and Phyllis first meet you could tell that she was using her sexuality to charm and lure Walter into her trap. At first Walter sees what Phyllis is trying to do and wants no part of the plan. However, he could not resist her and becomes involved in the murder plot. I don't believe that Phyllis is a totally positive or negative characterization of women in general. Just like Walter shows both positive and negative traits of men. Phyllis used what skills and tools she had to get what she wanted. Although not all women might like to admit to using their looks for the manipulation of men to get what they want, it actually happens. Not only does Phyllis use this power on Walter she also misleads Nino into unknowingly become the fall-guy for the murder.
Phyllis may not be the main driving force or mastermind of the whole murder plot she played a very pivotal role in its formation and execution. Without Phyllis there would have been no idea for the insurance plot in the first place. Walter did do most of the actual planning of how, where and when the murder would take place, and did most of the dirty work. Phyllis however never had any intention of being with Walter and was using him like a simple pawn in her master plan. In the end I wouldn't say that Phyllis held a position of true power or subservience. Just like I would say that Walter never truly had complete control of the situation either, but the plot to kill Phyllis' husband needed both characters to both be in control and not in control. Walter's job was to figure out how to get the insurance plan signed, kill Phyllis' husband, and get away with it. Walter's weakness was his emotional and romantic attachment to Phyllis and eventually became his down fall. Phyllis' job was to find someone who could finally put her most evil plan into motion. However Phyllis' weakness was that she would never have been able to kill her husband and get the money without Walter. Without Walter killing her husband was just another evil thought that never would have been possible without being able to find a guy to do it for her.

Thomas Campbell's Film Noir Reflections

I believe film noir is a genre. The elements of this Film Noir were used very efficiently throughout the film Double Indemnity. A genre is best explained in the PC magazine encyclopedia as “a category, class, style, type or variety�. I like this definition as film noir uses a variety of styles including moody lighting, shadow effects, changing background music, and darker or lighter clothing in the Film. In the article by Eric Lott he explains “Film noir is a cinematic mode defined by its border crossings. In it people fall from grace into deep shadows� (pp. 548). In the Film this is very evident in the following elements.

My first example is the light to dark clothing Phyllis wore throughout the film. At the start of the film when Phyllis and Neff meet she is wearing an all white dress to emphasize no gloom. The next time the two meet Phyllis is wearing a black dress, to emphasize that she is not so innocent now, we first see this when she tells Neff “Oh I forgot today is the maids day off� when she really knew, and brings up the term Accident Insurance again, we now know she is trying to manipulate Neff. The next time they meet it is a dark rainy gloomy night when Phyllis comes to Neffs apartment, she is now wearing a full black dress, and they first kiss when there is a dark background, we now know there is something bad going to happen. Moody lighting is another example element used throughout Double Indemnity. This was evident with shadows on the walls, and shadowy images of the characters, where dark shadows emphasized a trapped idea and that the characters are doomed for failure. An example of this is when Neff enters his office at the start of the film, there is a dark shadow on the wall, and we can already tell that Neff was doomed for failure. My favorite element of Film Noir is the use of changing speed, and volume of the background music when something bad is about to happen. We are informed as an audience that something terrible is going to happen once the gloomy music begins. At the start it is slow and at a low volume, however as it leads up to the act it gets faster, and louder, we now know something will happen soon. I like this style as it is still commonly used in films today. Other elements of film Noir are not as common as technology advances in cinematography have better ways to send the message to the audience.
Overall I really liked this film as the elements of Film Noir as very efficiently used and easy to follow. This would have to be one of my favorite black and white films


Double Indemnity - Chimezie Ononenyi

Double indemnity is an interesting movie that tells a story of the times. Several film noir was also applied in order to get the point of the movie across. The one particular film noir that stood out was femme fatale. Knowing that it was not accepted to view women’s bare skin in the 40’s, one would agree that femme fatale was a genre of its own; it would stand out as opposed to today’s Hollywood movies that almost contain some aspect of femme fatale in every single one.

It was not hard to tell that Walter would fall for Phyllis and her murder plan after a few seconds of her appearing on screen. The first shot of her did the job. Not only that the camera was shot from below her, looking up at her like it was a sunshine that Walter could not resist looking up to. There is no doubt that she is a very good looking female. Her facial expression and her body language while responding to Walter definitely shows that she had him. Another femme fatale ‘fatal’ hit to Walter was displayed through the angle of the camera shot of her coming down the stairs to sitting with legs crossed. The bare skin and the cigarette even made the hit more powerful. Walter fell for her and was willing to do anything to take her away from her husband. There is no doubt that femme fatale did not play a big role.

Double indemnity is a positive characterization of women during the time the movie was produced. Knowing that it was a time when women had not much power in the society, it is understandable that femme fatale was one strength that they had to rely on in order to get what they want. If it was not for her sexual ways to getting him to agree with her, Walter probably would not agree with her murder plan.

My (John Erck's) take on "Double Indemnity"...baby.

First things first, I thought Fred MacMurray's excessive use of the word "baby" was pretty funny.

Now, I'd like to address the matter regarding whether or not film noir (French for "black film") is or is not a genre. Some people argue that, although it sometimes suggests particular moods, movements, or visual styles, film noir is not a genre. I do not agree with this statement.

To start with, the definition of "genre" is, "A class or category of artistic endeavor having a particular form, content, technique, or the like." Now, on the other hand, "film noir's" definition is much more subjective in nature. According to Wikipedia, film noir is defined as, "A cinematic term used primarily to describe stylish Hollywood crime dramas, particularly those that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation." Now, comparing the two terms from an objective standpoint based off the comparison of the two term's definitions, you can see that they are in fact similar in nature. With the understanding that the term "form" in a fine art context means the organization, placement, or relationship of basic elements, it is easy to see how film noir adheres to a particular form. For example, the placement of lighting is essential in a film noir to effectively communicate the shifting moods and underlying motives of the characters. Often during the movie, light would shine on Barbara Stanwyck's face, lighting it up and simultaneously casting a dark shadow on the wall behind. This had the effect of visually depicting the pure looking "external" in contrast to the dark "internal". With regard to content, film noir's consistently are based upon themes that emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation. And finally, with regard to technique, film noir's once again all share similar cinematographic techniques. These techniques would include filming in a way that results in a low-key black-and-white visual style.

Although I've argued that film noir is in fact a genre, ultimately it's my opinion that one cannot definitively state whether this is or is not actually true. I say this primarily because the term film noir has never been decidedly defined and is in itself shrouded in a layer of ambiguity.

Double Indemnity-Clare Cloyd

In my opinion, film noir is certainly a genre of film. Although many would argue that it is simply a sub-category of larger genre's such as horror or drama, these sub-categories are very capable of creating very good movies. There are 3 main aspects that make film noir a successful category of film. Shadows, lighting and the overall script and plot of the movie. This movie creates scenes where the actors or actresses perform extremely deviant acts. The misty, shadow feel that is cast on these particular scenes adds an effect that lets the viewer know that something big and more than likely brutal is about to happen. Also, the fact that the movie is presented in a flashback manner puts the story together in spontaneous pieces and creates an ultimate sense of horror. While obviously film noir is a subcategory, the fact that so many classic movies of this time (including Double Indemnity) were created, there is no doubt that it has credibility as a genre of its own and should most definitely be considered as a great historical genre.

Martine Schroeder

I enjoyed the film “Double Indemnity.� Although lines or certain conversations in the movie were a bit corny and did use a lot of innuendo I thought they were clever and endearing. And considering the time period that this film was released in, it was an edgy and intense film and it is always fun to look back on what used to be considered ‘pushing the limits’.

I found the female character Phyllis in this movie especially intriguing. She is the quintessential femme fatale. By using her feminine wiles she gets Walter to do exactly what she wants without explicitly telling him her agenda. It was interesting to watch a female character have so much power over a man in a time when women were socially still not fully considered equals. This femme fatale, although interesting, is a negative characterization of women. This type of character is powerful, but it is for the wrong reasons - her beauty, her deceptive nature, and her sexuality. Although I found Phyllis to be the villan in this film I thought she was a captivating character and I enjoyed watching her.

Double Indemnity - Amanda Palazzo

The character of Phyllis in “Double Indemnity� is the epitome of the term “femme fatale.� While not as sexually uninhibited as modern audiences might be used to, she certainly flaunts her womanly assets as a means of enticing Walter to do her bidding. She is very independent, in that she came up with the initial plan for her husbands murder on her own and took the first steps (talking to Walter about accident insurance) in completing her mission. Phyllis is also very ambitious; she is eager to be rid of her husband, and flirts with and flatters Walter to encourage him to go along with her plan.

I feel that, generally, femme fatale characterizations of women are negative in that they portray women as sex objects, gold diggers, manipulative, and self-serving. However, I do think the femme fatale is a strong female character - one that knows what she wants and how to get it - which to me, is a nice change from the typical “damsel in distress� characterization of women. So, I guess, if women are to be portrayed, I’d rather see a female character that can take care of herself (in one way, or another), rather than one that is constantly doted upon and treated like a simpleton.

The role the femme fatale, Phyllis, has in Walter’s downfall is that she used her looks and charm to seduce Walter. Once she had him “under her spell,� she exploited his infatuation and manipulates him into killing her husband, making it look like an accident, and defrauding the insurance company he works for. Eventually, he discovers that she was playing him all along, he kills her, but not before she shoots him. He confesses his crimes to his boss and the film (and Walter’s life, as he knew it) end as he awaits the police’s arrival.

My initial instinct was to say that the femme fatale, Phyllis, had a large part in the outcome of the plot because she had Walter wrapped around her finger. She had seduced and manipulated him into plotting her husband’s death, killing him, and defrauding the insurance company. However, while she had him hooked, he was the one who was running the show, making decisions. When she wanted her husband dead right away, Walter made her wait until he would be on the train. Walter decided when and where they should meet, what the course of action would be. He was the one who was calling all the shots, so she had less power in the actual outcome of the plot. Despite this, I do think the woman is in a position of power. Even though she is not directly in control of her own destiny, she has Walter so captivated that he is committing murder and insurance fraud for her – that sounds like a position of power to me!

Cinematography and Film Noir

One of the main elements heralded in Double Indemnity and the movies of the film noir genre is the use of cinematography and lighting. John Alton was responsible for the cinematography in Double Indemnity as well as many other successful film noir movies. Using light and strategic camera angles, Alton painted a scene in the same manner as an artist would paint a canvas. Symbolism, too, is an important feature of film noir, with the most obvious being the contrast between light and dark. The mood of the scenes in film noir is highly influenced by the light, with dark, intense moments having lower lighting to create the somber atmosphere.

Perhaps the biggest driving factor behind film noir’s success was that the genre pushed the envelope. Film noir was edgy while still complying with strict FCC regulations, and was a stark contrast to wholesome primetime television of the day. With the rise of suburbia following WWII, cities and the suburbs became largely segregated. The location of the dark city was chosen to reflect the depravity and darkness that surrounds them, that may someday consume them. The dark alleyways and eerily quiet streets further accent the symbolism that is characteristic of film noir.

Another classic element of film noir is the femme fatale figure, the anti-heroine that uses seduction to get her way at the expense of her male victims. Phyllis proves to be a textbook example of the femme fatale, manipulating using seduction for her personal gain. As Phyllis’s darker side is revealed, its revealed how she led to Walter’s eventual demise.

Brian Andreen Double Indemnity and Film Noir

It seems to me that film noir is not an actual film type but rather a way of symbolically portraying themes that were occurring during the time period these films were made. These themes were prevalent throughout the culture of this time and occurred multiple times in many movies, resulting in what seems like is a genre of their own, but in really were just a reflection of the culture of the day. This is especially true for the theme of good versus evil which is so obviously and easily represented by the black and white, and with light and shadows. With the world coming over such turmoil from WWII and with the world trying to get back on its feet, the struggle of good versus evil resonated with the people of this time period, and I think because of human nature will continue to resonate.
Another key toping in film noir is the. I do not feel that the vixen in these films makes them film noir. Instead I feel the newly arising sexual culture of the 1940’s and 1950’s was being suppressed by the government and other film regulating agencies. The vixen was an attractive woman and was not placed to cast attractive women with a devious nature, but instead was done in order to allow the film industry to get away with what was in the 40’s and 50’s risqué behavior and thus let film industry adjust to the change in popular culture, accommodating for many of the changes in how women were looked at as well as what they were allowed wear and do.

I conclude that film noir is not a genre, but instead is the expression the popular culture of the day through the restricted controls of the government and other film agencies.

The film Double Indemnity portrays many of these cultural themes. It displays the good versus evil with dark and light. It portrays minorities in menial jobs as the car washer. It also has the vixen pushing risqué behavior, all making it a classic example of film noir.

Lauren Kolsum's take on Film Noir

With the ongoing debate on whether or not Film Noirs are a genre, I would have to disagree that they are. Saying so would be placing them in a category when really it is more of a style. According to Thefreedictionary.com, a style is the combination of distinctive features of literary or artistic expression, execution, or performance characterizing a particular person, group, or era. There are so many features that make up all that is Film Noir, including the dramatic music, the femme fatale, the murder, the deceit, the passion, scenes narrated by the character, the shadows, and the rain. All of the features are easy to point out in Double Identity. At the time of its release the film must have had viewers on the edge of their seats, biting their fingernails in apprehention because it is a drama, thrill filled movie. What is seen as a thriller has obviously changed over the years but I would say FIlm Noirs are a mix between the drama and action genres. They can go either way, however, and that is why they are moreso classified as a style of film making, not so much a genre.
Phyllis does a great job protraying the femme fatale in Double Indemnity as well. She is a woman who knows what she wants and how to get it. She uses her sex apeal to brainwash men, completely ruining their lives in the process. Throughout the film she manipulates three men, first it was her husband. When that didn't work out for her she used Walter and Neno to rid her path of obstacles standing between her and her money. The fact that she is responsible for a murder here and there does not phase her in the slightest. The only time the stony/seductive look on Phyllis's face would change was when she was putting on an act for Walter, in which case she would emit self pity and fake love. She did go a bit out of character torwards the end when she didn't finish Walter off with one last bullet. Phyllis seemed a little vulnerable at that moment right before Walter killed her with her own gun. I think Phyllis was a character the people of the time needed. Seeing such a powerful, seductive women was out of the norm and most likely a bit controversial. She could have been an influence to young women in the early fourties to take charge and not let men have all the power. Phyllis is, however, a deceitful liar and that doesn't say anything of significance about women in general.

Jordan Swan's response to Double Indemnity

1.)I believe that Film noir is not a genre, which is often characterized as a category of films that have similar attributes that have lasting appeal to the mass audience, genres that have had been historically successful are the western, the romantic comedy and the musical. I believe that film noir is a style that has a short life of interest and has distinct style. This style has many features that make it distinctive to other styles. These films also serve as a dialogue as discussed in class describes but the importance of this dialogue seems over emphasized during the in class discussion. The dialogue is another part of the style that has a specific significance at the time, in the case of film noir the film industry was at a downtime for the first time in its history and the economic , The relevance of the style could be used later in the history of film as a throwback to the emotion of the time. Film noirs dialogue was used in conjuncture of the science fiction style in the eighties in the film Bladerunner, the darkness and fear of the unknown is used to intensify the theme of the story. Because it is a style it can be disassembled and used in pieces while a genre is so self contained that it can not be broken down.
2.) Film noir found its roots in German expressionist films and the majority of films where created by Billy Wilder who was an Austrian born man. In film noir there is a darkness which seems to indicate a sense of fear and danger lurking at the corners of the universe for the characters in these films even in airy rooms of the film there is a darkness that is unsettling, the living room scene where the main characters first meet is a perfect example of this, the room is big but still have a darkness that is accentuated by light streaming in through the venetian blinds giving the room a patchy darkness that washes out a good deal of the rooms features making them more foreboding. The style also uses light to intensify the impact of this darkness the world is a bitter and dangerous place and main characters all seem to have lily white skin which is often a signifier for innocence in films of this period but in film noir it is a deceptive shade that against the darkness surrounding it seems to almost show only an outline of the individuals making them seem less human in a way.
3.) The subservient nature of African American individuals are once again deeply rooted in their portrayal in this film. The representation of the African American seems to be completely content with whatever white person says. The social environment of the time facilitated a lot of accepted racism, however resistance to this was beginning to arise, wide released images like the subservient car polisher instilled that black individuals liked their place in the world thus attempting to pacify and persuade the mass audience.
4.) The character of Phyllis is a quintessential embodiment of the femme fatal because of her willingness to use her sexuality and the promise of love to manipulate a man to act out of character for personal gain. The depiction of woman as femme fatal characters is extremely hurtful for woman especially at this time, woman had a lot of independence from being in the workforce during the war and this seems to tie a link between female independence and irrational thought. This woman wanted out of her marriage which would increase her independence, this desire caused her to use her “special powers� over men to get what she wanted showing a lack in reasonable thought, even if not a lake in ability to concoct a plan to kill a man. This “special power� is rooted in women’s ability to play on the weaknesses of men in direct relation to what she has to offer which is the mindset of every good leader whether it be a political of economic leader, which shows a position of power, through the appropriate assessment of a situation and its possibilities.

Film Noir and Femme Fatale-Jennifer Metzer

For me this movie was interesting to watch and see what kind of role that the leading lady played in the story. I do think that the leading lady, Phyllis, was a femme fatale. I think that she used her sexuality and her personality to get what she wanted even if it hurt people that she may have cared for in the end.
In the beginning of the movie Walter goes to the home of a client. He runs into the client's wife, Phyllis, and you can tell instantly that he is attracted to her. You can also tell that she knows that as well and is willing to use that attraction to the full potential.
There are two things about Phyllis and her role as the femme fatale that really made me think. The first being her image of women that she portrays to the audience. And the second being the role that she plays in Walter's downfall.
I think the Phyllis has a both a positive and negative role for women. I think the way that she portrays the strength and independence a woman can have was really great. But than she used that strength and independence and combined it with her sexuality and seduction to get what she wanted. And that is where those negative qualities come in.
The character Phyllis also played a huge role in the downfall of leading man Walter. I believe that she used her seduction and charm to get him to do her bidding and get rid of her husband. I thought it very interesting that Walter did figure out that Phyllis wanted her husband dead. Walter even gave it to her straight and walked out. But he still went through with the plan because he could not stay away from her.
I was not expecting Walter to shoot and kill Phyllis at the end of the movie. I don't know if he was doing it so that he wouldn't get caught or if it was so that she could not use anyone else like she used him.
I thought the movie was interesting but was not really shocking. I think if i had seen the movie when it first came out it would ahve been shocking but in our time it doesn't seem so shocking now.

Femme Fatale

Monica Weir

While the film Double Indemnity contains almost all elements of film noir, I found the role of Phyllis Dietrichson to be by far the most intriguing. From her seductive charm to her undeniable beauty, she fits the mold for a femme fatale. The first scene of the movie shows our protagonist, Walter Neff, heartbroken due to the work of Phyllis as he confesses “I killed him for money – and a woman – and I didn’t get the money and I didn’t get the woman. Pretty, isn’t it?� From this, we learn that the main character is now a broken man, not our typical Post World War II era hero.

With eleven years of sales experience for Pacific All Risk Insurance Company, Walter is obviously intelligent and successful, however, upon meeting Phyllis any and all of his business ethics go out the window. After their first encounter, he’s hooked. Her physical beauty – porcelain skin, vibrant lips, perfectly styled blonde hair, and distracting anklet – matched with her witty conversation skills dominate his thoughts from that moment on. Since the movie is from Walter’s point of view, whether or not Phyllis is in a given scene, she is the focal point. The entire film revolves around the femme fatale - her desires, her worries, her problems, and above all, her control.

Phyllis is initially characterized as an unhappy, lonely housewife. When she cries to Walter about hating her husband because he’s mean and doesn’t love her the audience is led to believe that she is the victim. As the plot unfolds, the true characteristics of Phyllis show through. She uses her positive traits to her advantage to get whatever she desires. By controlling Walter’s heart, she only needs to plant the seed for him to take control of the murder. She wants her husband dead so Walter takes care of all the details in plotting the murder, performing the murder, and covering the tracks. This is ironically typical for the time period since the common view is that women need men to accomplish anything.

In the end of this film “the punishment exceeds the crime� (Scruggs 678), as is characteristic in film noir. Phyllis meets her demise when her once cold heart isn’t able to pull the trigger and kill Walter. Barton Keyes, the claims adjuster, learns that his best friend is the one whom he’s been searching for as the murderer. Most importantly, since meeting Phyllis, Walter has lost everything; he has above all lost himself.

Alexander Culverwell's Blog

To begin with I really enjoyed the film, being the favorite of the three films that we have watched so far in this class.
I am going to talk about the use of film noir and the femme fatale.
The film noir of the film was very good in my opinion. However, I would say that film noir is not a genre. A genre is the theme of the movie such as a sci-fi, horror or comedy. In my opinion, film noir just creates the setting and the mood of the film of there being something mystical or bad going to happen. therefore, I am going to agree with Schrader in that film noir is more of a "visual style" than a genre.
The femme fatale of the film was very good. Phyliss was exactly what femme fatale means to me. She was very seductive and played the innocent wife who was having a hard tie at home with her husband. Phyliss uses her power of seductivity to real in Walter to do her dirty work. Once she had reeled Mr Neff he lost all sight of what he was meant to be doing, which ultimately ruined his life.
Another aspect of the film that I would like to talk about was how the film got through Hays code for production. The reasons for it getting past the rules were that it was adapted from a novel by James Cain and that it does not have any relation to the war. At the beginning of the film they used the date of 1938 so the war had not started by then. They had to have 23 re-writes to get this write. Because of these facts it opened up the doors for other films of that time to follow similar themes.

Double Indemnity response - Meghan Frank

In Double Indemnity Phyllis plays the part of the femme fatale perfectly. Throughout the film she seduces men to manipulate them into doing what she wants. She first "innocently" plants the idea of killing her husband into Walter Neff's mind. She tells Walter that her husband is "mean to her" and that he doesn't love her. We never see any evidence of this "abuse" and are unsure if she is telling the truth. Walter agrees to kill her husband and make sure it looks like an accident for the insurance company. Phyllis pulls Walter into her world by convincing him she is in love, which we learn later is a complete lie.

After the insurance company starts to investigate the death of Phyllis' husband we learn even more about her conniving ways. Her stepdaughter, Lola, reveals that Phyllis killed her mother, seduced her father and manipulated him into marrying her. Phyllis also manipulates Lola's boyfriend into believing that Lola does not love him. She intended to use his jealousy in order to kill Lola. She was going to tell him Lola was with another man and Phyllis knew he would fly into a murderous rage. Throughout the entire film Phyllis lies and manipulates to get men to do what she wants. She never had feelings for anyone and everything she did was for her own selfish gain. She perfectly exemplifies the characteristics of the traditional femme fatale.

Melissa Green's Double Indemnity Reflection

In "Double Indemnity," as well as other film noir movies, the contrast between black and white is used to depict the dichotomy of good and evil often presented within the films. However, this goes beyond mere cinematography and aesthetics as a metaphor for the plot line. Race comes into play as well, as we saw in the film. Though surely the main characters were all white, if one looks closely enough black figures are found in the movie, as servants and menial workers in the city. If one extends the cinematography metaphor further, it is clear that the white characters are in danger of falling into darkness; in danger of falling to the depths and depravity that they would like us to think black Americans were in at the time. Avila discusses this in his article, Neff's crimes are only made possible with the help of black "accomplices" (though they help him without their knowledge). His janitor provides him with an alibi. The location of the movie also serves to create the racial dichotomy. At this point, the underbelly of cities became associated with blacks, and white, merely by being in the vicinity, were at risk of falling into darkness. The white flight from major urban areas that occurred after the end of World War II reflected this idea. Cities then became concentrated with minorities, and the whites who stayed went on to become corrupt, in the discourse of film noir.

Film Noir - Genre or Not? by Chris Hansen

Film noir is a cinematic term that has been used to describe Hollywood crime dramas from the 1940's to the late 1950's. They tend to emphasize moral ambiguity and sexual motivation. Through the black and white visual style and prototypical story lines I do believe that film noir is a genre. According to the American Hertiage New Dictionary of cultural literacy a genre is defined as "The kind or type of a work of art, from the French, meaning "kind" or "genus." Literary genres include the novel and the sonnet. Musical genres include the concerto and the symphony. Film genres include Westerns and horror movies." Since film noir has a black and white visual style, with melancholy, disillusionment, ambiguity, evil, guilt moods it can be categorized as a genre. This type of genre normally has a femme fatale (Phyllis) who has sexual motivation with her husband, step daughters boyfriend as well as an insurance salesman. The femme fatale is normally the means for the leading male going into darkness. Film noir utilizes certain cinematography techniques that help separate it as its own genre as well. Shots are often filmed in a way that gives the viewer a sense of claustrophobia and desperateness, or just a generally uneasy feeling. This is accomplished using the striking contrast of black and white, coupled with the prevalent use of shadows and filming in small spaces. It is for these reasons that I believe film noir qualifies as its own genre.

Jasmine Omorogbe- Double Indemnity Review

First of all, was I the only one who thought the way Walter Neff said "baby" was a little awkward?

Watching this movie was my first exposure to film noir. I had never heard of it and quite frankly, afterwards, I was all shook up. I liked it, but it definitely made me do a lot of thinking. I especially like the shadows and lighting, much darker than movies I would normally watch, but that really adds to the intensity at points in the film. I think film noir should be considered its own genre, because as we went over in class, it has many very distinct elements that are different from other genres (lighting, femme fatale, weak male characters, portray the darker side of life, etc)

It shook me up a little because I am the type of person who is very trusting and also really gets into the plot of movies. I could not believe Phyllis could be so evil. Throughout the movie, I had a little sympathy for her, after all, I saw her as a woman stuck in an unfortunate situation, married to someone who did not treat her right. But all that flew out the window in the last big scene when Walter revealed her plot. She used anyone and everyone to get what she wanted. Phyliss, as the femme fatale in this movie, was definitely not an angelic damsel in distress. The only person she needed saving from was herself. However, she was beautiful and convincing, the actress, Barbara Stanwyck did an awesome job portraying the character.

I found the film to be quite intriguing. It shows what happens when things go wrong, or not exactly as planned. It shows the side people don't want exposed. Furthermore, it was able to creatively tell the story and get around all the restricting guidelines of the Hays Production Codes. I think the quick-witted dialogue and making the viewers think about the references (even if cheesy) is more interesting than coming right out and saying it. I am definitely going to do more research into this genre of film. I can see how it was somewhat revolutionary in its day, but I believe this type of story would still be interesting to today's viewers as well. These films are full of crazy drama and unexpected twists and turns, exactly what many people go to the movies for today.

Chris Dahmen's dark side

The great femme fatale scenarios like spinning a web of lies and trapping men in it and murdering them are practically clichés. But another less common idea about what femme fatales represent which may be an even greater threat to the white male identity is the femme fatales role in the destruction or abandonment of the family. This is represented with its anxieties in the film Double Indemnity by the use of space figuratively and literally as well as materialism, and narcissism.
Phyllis’ materialistic ego is not conductive to family life because she only thinks of herself. When we first see the residence Walter is approaching there is a voiceover describing it as something like a fashionable style that was trendy in the twenties. There is also a view of a valley behind the house with a beautiful view. We get this impression immediately of decadence? Also when we first see Phyllis she is wearing a towel, showing skin and wearing a shining anklet. She comes down and flirts with Walter or vice versa. She sits and her legs are exposed and Walter makes a comment about the perfume she’s wearing. Already Phyllis is depicted as a woman of the body, sensual, materialistic, self conscious, etc. not the strained working class, or bourgeois housewife that embody the American ideal meant to uphold civilization.
Phyllis is narcissistic and shows disdain for family life and wants to use Walter to help her get out of her responsibilities. Phyllis eventually goes to visit Walter and shares her boredom and disinterest with him with her marriage and life. She says to Walter who doesn’t have a family “They’re just strangers beside you. You don’t have to love them or hate them� referring of course to the anonymous relations one has with one’s fellow man in the new urban economy without a sense of community or even family. She is expressing an ideal of comfort in the space with no family or marriage in a society that places the traditional role of parenting and domestic work on the woman in the family. She has no visible relationship with her daughter. In fact, she begins to get suspicious about the relationship between her daughter and Walter, a possible penis envy? Family feud? Narcissistic?
The use of space conveys idea of alienation of Phyllis from her relationship with family and lover. There is a scene in the grocery store with Walter and Phyllis which exemplifies the noir ideology of women, men and family in American life. When they meet and start talking there is a sign in the background that says “baby food� with some baby food nearby. A woman walks by and grabs a container and remarks “I don’t know why they always put what I want on the top shelf.� This statement seems to imply that Americans are dependent on instant gratification and convenience. Also the processed food and canned food signifies mechanical reproduction thus, superficiality, low quality, and anonymity. I am reminded of Andy Warhol’s first famous lithograph of Campbell’s soup cans in the 1950’s. The irony is the two characters here are not interested in baby food or babies at all. They are lovers, together, but they are narcissistic people. The image seems to be a statement about the changing role of the American family in the 50’s. After this shot, they are then separated by a chin-level aisle where they suddenly have an argument about their common purpose together. The use of space here signifies the schism occurring in the narrative ironically by the daughter gossiping? The two cannot maintain a relationship with one another, much less a family.

Film Noir Reflection


I disagree with the idea that film noir is a genre. A genre is a category of artistic composition that is marked by a distinctive style, form, or content. Film noir has all of these things. The style and form in which the movie is done in is dark, with low-key lighting, set in a bleak urban setting, with corrupt and cynical characters. We can look at a movie with the characteristics and go, that is film noir. We can do that as we can with a horror film, or a comedy. I completely think it is a genre.
The few minority characters that were actually in the film were shown as just extras. They each served white America in some sort of working class position. He referred to his cleaning lady as a colored woman, the person who washed his car was black, and the man working on the train taking luggage was black. All of the minority roles were stuck in some working position, for the oppressive white institution. It shows that black people were being oppressed and forced to work in low wage, undesired jobs. American society pushing blacks into a lower class.
I think that Phyllis was a model of perfection for the idea of femme fatale. She was extremely independent, seductive and ambitious. She played Walter from the moment she met him. She manipulated him into thinking that she an unhappily married woman who had no way out of her marriage. She made Walter believe that she really loved him so she could use him in getting the money from her husband’s death. She had the entire planned worked out, from the beginning to the end. I think that Phyllis is both a negative and positive character for women. She did do some bad things but she also showed that women were capable of being intelligent, dark, manipulating as men and could do better. She showed the strength that is capable of women. She was really the one in power. She acted weak which I think gave her the ultimate power over Walter and the situation.

Grant Flatgard

Merin Coats

At first glance the femme fatale role appears to be one of great power, a fact punctuated well by the role of Phyllis Dietrichson in Double Indemnity. Here is a woman who has great influence over the people who surround her, specifically the upstanding insurance salesman, Walter Neff. This power could be construed as a positive step for the portrayal of women on screen, but a deeper look proves this to be quite the contrary. The power of Phyllis in the film comes across more as a force. The characters who cross her path can either resist this force or surrender to it. In the reading by Lott, he says that, as is the case with Walter, the men often fall prey to these women thereby capitulating to the "darkness" they represent.

The "right" and "wrong" are identified rather quickly in Double Indemnity. The "right" choice for Walter would be to take the job as Keyes' assistant. The job is a paycut, but an honorable pursuit of truth and justice. And the "wrong" way is to follow Phyllis down a path of greed, betrayal and murder. Neff's fall is hard and fast. While both are punished in the end for their choices, Phyllis, as the femme fatale must lose her life and her power. In this case, Neff has fallen under the spell of the innocent Lola. He betrays Phyllis for her.

Ultimately, The femme fatale is an embodiment of the male fear of a woman's power. Therefore, the only power a woman can have in this type of film is one of that is sexual, immoral and corrupt, making her in general an unlikable character.

Double Indemnity & Film Noir - David Belair

In Double Indemnity we see what is generally thought of as the birth of the film noir movie genre. Yes, I do believe it is a genre. According to Websters online dictionary, a genre is "a category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content". Film noir meets this definition in every way. They have a particular style/form (dark and dreery urban setting, shadowing and music used to convey the moral transgressions of the main characters), and content (white middle class male who commits a morally objectionable act, likely aided in getting to this point by a scheming and conniving femme fetale, who in the end is caught by the morally conscientious do-gooder). I understand that it is a broad grouping of films, as suggested in the reading from James Naremore, but their are wide groupings of ideas and plot themes in all genre's of films, I don't know why this would preclude film noir from being its own genre. When I see a Hitchcock movie, or Double Indemnity, or LA Cofidential, I think film noir. Just as I think comedy when I see a Monte Python movie, or Slap Shot, or Best of Show.

In Double Indemnity we see some typical film noir trademarks. We see a dark and dreery urban setting, with shadows and music highlighting the moral transgressions of Mr. Neff and Phyllis. The murder is a night, they fake accident is at the end of the train in the shadows, Mr, Neff can't hear his footsteps as he is walking down the street (the sound of a dead man). We see the subservient portrayal of minorities, with the only blacks in the film being the attendent in the garage washing cars, the cleaning crew at the office, and baggage handlers on the train. These minorities are basically cleaning up after white America. We see the classic femme fetale, with the lonely and coniving housewife who wants her husband murdered. In classic femme fetale form Phyllis is sexually uninhibited (it is implied that she sleeps with Mr. Neff), and ruthlessly ambitious (she uses her seduction to get Mr. Neff to help her kill her husband), and manipulative (she tries to make her step-daughters boyfriend so jealous that he will kill her).

In the blog assignment their are questions relating to Phyllis' character. Phyllis uses her seduction and conniving ways to try and manipulate the men in the movie. She seduces Mr. Neff to help plot the murder of her husband. She manipulates her step-daughters boyfriend in hopes that he will kill the girl because it is believed she knows too much. She plays the helpless widow in the scene at the insurance office where she acts appalled when told her husband may have killed himself and that the insurance company would fight her on getting the insurance claim. In Double Indemnity, Phyllis definitely has a position of power over the men of the film. I don't however see how her actions reflect on women in general. She is a character is a negative characterization of people in general. Any man or woman could do these things, but I don't see how her actions would be a characterization of all women. I also don't see how her use of both truth and lies says anyhting about women. Again, anybody is able to mix both truth and lies in order to get an outcome to their liking. How would her actions have any reflection on other women? She was a typical femme fetale, she used seduction, guile, conniving and treachery to manipulate those around her. This doesn't have any bearing on anyone else in the movie or in the outside world.

Overall, I again thought the movie was good. It clearly shows the generational differences in our world. As in the other movies we have watched so far there are scenes that we laugh at now, but I imagine that when watched back in the 1940s the scene was not funny at all. In Double Indemnity the scene's we laugh at today were probably scandelous back in 1941. Its interesting to see how something so innocent today, was so ground breaking back in the day.

Tammy Woehler - Double Indemnity

First, I would like to say that I actually enjoyed this film. Usually I'm not entertained by older films. I'm not quite sure what it is about them, but they seem to have no interest to me, except this one.
Debating whether or not film noir is a genre or not, I have to lean towards a stern no and agree with Schrader when he says, "Film noir is not a genre," but it’s more of a “visual style� (Scruggs p. 677). A genre is something that defines what the movie is, such as a comedy, horror, suspense, etc. Film noir just creates the settings or tones in the movie. There were darker scenes, hardly any light shed or only darker colors used when something "bad" was going to happen. For example, when Phillis and Neff killed the husband and left his body on the train tracks. It was night and at a dark location. Granted, the odds of someone making a movie when the characters dump a dead body in the middle of the day isn't so good, but it could happen. Another example is when Mr. Neff goes to Phillis' house at 11pm. All of the lights are turned off in the house. Later, they both end up shot, but Phillis gets the raw end of the deal because she is the one killed. Film noir gives a dark setting in the flim, usually when something bad is being planned, or is about to happen.
As far as whether film noir showed minorities as being confined to meager and misery-laden roles, it definitely did in Double Indemnity. The first character that I really noticed was the guy in the garage of Mr. Neff. He was a black man, cleaning cars of what I assume to be whites. The man was polite to Mr. Neff in the way that a subordinate would to an officer of some sort. Not polite just because, but polite because he pretty much had to. Another scene shows a black man as the guy on the train helping people to their train car with their luggage. And, again, with that politeness because he had to, not just because he was polite, but not to take away from his true intentions of being polite of course.

Film Noir- Jordan Heighway

1. Film noir as a genre is a very touchy subject among movie critiques. As nice as is it to label movies by there respective genres, it's almost impossible to find a genre that's all encompassing or to find movies that are exclusive to a single genre. Personally, I would classify film noir as a genre. There are several movies that could fit in the genre, especially if you consider the classic film noir period with movies such as Double Indemnity, the Maltese Falcon and others. However, other recent movies show characteristics that could be classified under the film noir genre. Film genres will always be argued because, ironically, there may be a black and white movie, but there is only gray when you try to define a movie under a specific genre.
2. The black and/or dark scenes portray the senseless debauchery and moral ambiguity that so many classic flim noir fims so desperately try to depict, especially considering that film noir grew from the moral ambiguity that resulted from the depression and world Wars. This says alot about the post war America, as most people didn't really know what do define their morals as. Going away and killing people in a war is a life changing experience, and it really makes one question their respective morals and beliefs. As soon as the questioning begins, is when the ambiguity is really seen, because moral decisions are not supposed to blurry.
3. I definitely see minority characters in the Film being confined as second tier. It's hard to blame the flim director (Billy Wilder I believe), because minorities were often considered the problem with America. The struggles of minoriities with drugs and poverty among other things lead to a distrust of their moral institutions. The social forces in America at the time were truly sad. It's hard to believe that WASP's did everything in their power to keep first class status. Even movies like this that don't specifically have racist themes, yet you can tell their is a general distrust of minorities by the actions of the characters and how they are presented.
4. Phyllis is definately the epitomy of a femme fatale. She is so seductive in her means and uses this as her power to be destructive to the men around her. It's classic femme fetale combined with classic film noir. It depends on how the person wants to define women, but it's clear that the role of Phylllis is that of a degradation of women. Women are supposed to exhibit there beauty, yet they are "not allowed" by society to control men through seduction and ruthless ambition. The femme fatale plays the traditional role that destroys the men around them. Phyllis ruthless ambition, senseless debauchery and general lies helped lead to Walter's ultimate demise as a character. Phyllis has the capacity for both truth and lies, something that women were known for at the time. Women were thought of as being weaker, so they would have to expose the truth. Phyllis does this at times but she also manipulates men with lies, which is brought on through the femme fatale mystique. Clearly, seductive women have power of men that Double Indemnity has no problem depicting. Phyllis can use her seductive mystique to gain what she wants or needs.

Overall, I enjoyed the movie. I rate it behind Citizen Kane and in front of Sahara.

Josh Zaborowski

I believe film noir is a genre and a pretty fascinating way of depicting emotion and different situations within a film. I think the way film noir was used really highlighted the particular mood the writer wanted to portray. The way the darkness falls upon the scene during parts of Double Indemnity to portray to the viewer the character's pessimistic mood or moral transgressions is a very effective way to set the tone for those particular scenes. Double Indemnity used film noir very effectively, especially in many scenes with Walter Neff, to really emphasize his dark, devious, underlying racist actions. Like when Walter Neff plotted to kill Dietrich or when he sort of sets up that janitor. Film noir really influenced how I thought about those scenes and other situations, because the darkness and shadows really cast a negative shadow over the scene and I believe it made the scene more powerful and more effective. I believe that film noir used in this film created a heightened amount of anticipation and suspense throughout the film. As the scenes got darker the more I anticipating something big happening. The darkness and shadowing really made the scenes and situations in the film clearer to me, in some odd way. Usually I am not a huge fan of black and white films, but this movie used film noir really well and really helps me appreciate films in this genre a bit more.

Noir in Black and White - Jacob Dreyer

Film noir's use of light and shadow was one of the defining characteristics of the genre. While its style is arresting and original, the use of lighting in these films also operates on a deeper level. Avila states that the use of shadow to darken people's faces is a tool to link whites and blacks. By covering faces in shadow, the white deviant is literally becoming black. "Throughout He Walked by Night, for example, the face of a violent psychopath, never seen in its totality, is marred by dark shadows, reinforcing the black connotations of white criminality." In Double Indemnity, though, this assertion can be refuted. The shadows used to darken Walter Neff's visage are to show his moral degeneration. In the first instance of the movie where shadows encroach significantly on any of the characters, Neff has just turned down Phyllis in their initial conversation about murder. He is still morally strong, so the blinds in the room only throw a brief darkness on his face. Next, when Phyllis is at Neff's apartment, the plan comes up again in the kitchen. Neff's face here is darkened more as he is mixing drinks. Then, on the couch when they agree to do this vile deed, Neff's face is almost totally obscured by shadow. In none of these instances is Neff surrounded by or linked to or discussing black people in any way. He is only with Phyllis, another white. This clear linkage between the use of shadows and light with the moral stance of the character reveals their actual purpose in the film: to show how the character has lost the path of goodness and light and fallen into degeneracy and shadow.

Candice Dehnbostel: Double Indemnity

The social and political rhetoric of life in America during the ‘40s is exemplified in Double Indemnity. Cold War fears begin to grow as World War II ends, and changes can be found in gender roles, the labor market and social norms. Many of these changes can be found in the film, and more widely in film noirs. For this reason, I believe film noir is a genre. Schrader says (as quoted by Scruggs), that film noir is not a genre, but instead a “visual style� (Scruggs p. 677). While I do agree film noir has a very significant visual style, the themes represented through most, if not all, film noirs constitutes the genre. Dark shadows, the dichotomy of good versus evil, the anti-hero, the violence, voice-over narrative and the femme fatale are solid themes that set film noirs a part from other genres.

The social implications of Double Indemnity revolve around crime, the domestic sphere and morals. Film noir could be argued to have exposed the real inner workings of society during the ‘40s. The perfect world of patriotic Americans overshadowed the inequality of minorities and women. It sought to stop violence and crime from becoming “entertainment� or from being documented as a concern for the everyday person. Double Indemnity puts these issues front and center. A black man is portrayed only as a subservient car washer and maintenance man. A Greek-American is shown as being dumb and sneaky. He tries to get away with burning down his own truck for insurance money, but the smart, clever white man, Keyes, knows what the lowly man is up to. These roles reinforce the racism and stereotypes of the time. Violence and crimes are committed not by big, scary underworld criminals, but regular people, upstanding citizens. The film seems to say that everyone is a sinner, and stereotypical “bad people� are not the only ones to do wrong.

The importance of female subservience and domestic responsibility is a huge part of the film also. The obligatory film noir femme fatale brings home life into question. Bronfen describes the femme fatale as a sexually uninhibited, but independent and ambitious character (p. 106). The femme fatale uses her physical appearance, seductive personality and intelligence to get what she wants from an unsuspecting male victim. Double Indemnity’s Phyllis is definitely a femme fatale. She uses Walter to get a dead husband and his money. Phyllis is never interested or in love with Walter, as she leads him to believe. Women of the time were to be lovingly doting wives, who took care of the home and children. They were to obey their husbands and never think of leaving or divorcing him. The femme fatale in some ways helps and hurts the image and expectations of women. The femme fatale shows women are more than mothers and wives, but also portrays them as evil, dangerous and out of control. She is blamed as the cause of men’s problems in life and the world.

Kendra Elm Double Indemnity

Film noir is seen in this movie through the use of lighting and shadows on the characters. In the first scene when Mr. Neff is in the office he is seen in dark light, and speaks in a low tone of voice. Right from the beginning we know he is going to be a dark character who is unlawful. In the first scenes with Phyllis she is sitting in a chair almost as if she is a queen and can do no wrong. We are lead to believe she is an innocent woman and we hold her in high esteem. Then when we find out she is not loyal to her husband she is seen in a little less light. He face isn't as bright in the camera and as we begin to see her 'dark side' the lighting on her gets darker as well. Then in the final scene when she is telling Mr. Neff she never loved him the lighting on her is very dim. Phyllis's character brings up another aspect of the film, the femme fatale. As discussed in the reading this part of film is when a women uses her sex and physical features to seduce men into getting what she wants. In the film Phyllis uses her pretty features to get close the men she needs to use. Mr. Neff was a man she used to get away with a murder, and her husband was a man she used to get money from. Her seduction of Neff caused him to lose sight of 'real life' and it caused him to fall apart after the murder. This film puts women in a position of power and shows how they are able to manipulate men into doing what ever they choose.

Miles Mendenhall and Double Indemnity

Whenever I watch a good ‘film noir’ I find myself making all these crazy resolutions to speak more quickly and bluntly and make sure to hang around severe lighting, and Double Indemnity was no exception. It usually just boils down to me reciting lines in my darkened bathroom, holding a flashlight above me for some dramatic effect, but Double Indemnity I think does something more. I believe it contains one of the better examples of a “femme fatale� character, as Phyllis Dietrichson’s seductive and conniving qualities are the main source of conflict in the film, urging the plot forward. In context with the time period in which Double Indemnity was made, this aspect of the film and ‘film noir’ in general is most interesting.
In "Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight," the author Eric Avila examines the shift ‘film noir’ attempts to mirror in popular culture of the 1940’s woman reinvention of her image. Growing out of the confines of ‘housewife’ and into a more independent and self sufficient entity is suggested in ‘film noir’ and Double Indemnity by the extreme ability of the femme fatale character to manipulate men to better her situation. However, while such a depiction begins to strip the 1940’s woman of her housewife image, it does not shy away from attaching lying and murderous connotations to femininity. ‘Film Noir’ and its classic use of femme fatale characters proposed a new layer of femininity in the 1940’s, and although progression, might not have been entirely positive.

Matt Hobbs - Blog 3

Matt Hobbs Blog Post #3

To say that Film Noir would not be considered a genre is something that I absolutely disagree with. All film genre, however it is defined, contain movies that have certain qualities to it that are similar throughout other films within that genre. Action movies contain a hero who has to rescue and/or save some person or item. There is usually an attractive female character that will become a love interest in some way and these elements are always there without fail in action movies. There is even lighting and set designs that you see reiterated throughout the genre. Looked at in that light it would be impossible to say that Film Noir wouldn’t be a genre. All Noirs have similar elements, low key lighting, kanted cameras, heavy shadows, femme fatales, and a male protagonist who increasingly releases that he exists in a world that he is not part of. All Noir films have those elements. Noir doesn’t sometimes suggest these themes, there are in all films grouped as Noir. To Kill a Mockingbird, Chinatown, even to the film that started the genre, Detour, they all contain those elements.
Double Indemnity to follows the same progressions. The femme fatale, Phyllis, forces the male, in this case an insurance salesmen, off of his normal path of life, and into a world that he increasingly becomes disillusioned with and realizes he can’t cope with. Even beyond that, that this world has no place for him. This is a common theme in all Film Noirs. Noir is the cinema of obsession and where that obsession can lead you, to push the films into a subset of mystery or suspense does a disservice to the films in giving that attributes that are in those films that they don’t contain.

Double Indemnity - Kim Hanlon

I really enjoyed the film 'Double Indemnity'. The director had an excellent sense of lighting and mood setting by using camera angles and shadowing in the film. I believe that noir is a genre. The definition of genre is "a class or category of artistic endeavor having a particular form, content and technique. This film displays all of these characteristics and is a masterpiece of a film noir.
In this film, there are many uses of the black and darkness as metaphors for moral transgressions and their fall from grace. In the beginning, Phyllis is at Walter's place and they begin discussing their plot about the murder and the scam. The light becomes very dim and you, the audience, can barely see the characters faces. Slight shadows can be seen, but the scene gives off the mood of evil. Another example is the narrative that Walter gives about the murder and the scam. The lights are again very dim, shadows can be slightly seen behind him and they cover part of his face. The director also uses these techniques when Phyllis and Walter conjure up the plan at Walter's place, Phyllis on the phone with Walter while she is at the store talking about the train ride that night and the car scene at Phyllis's house while Walter is on the floor in the backseat. These are only a couple of scenes where the director uses these techniques to portray film noir.
The only minority group that I noticed in the film was the African American man that was washing Walter's car at his apartment. This shows the underlining belief of racism and prejudice against minorities in American. That is how the country was at that time and the writers and director chose to portray that way of life in their film as well. This image of minorities being subservient in the movie has influence on society and helps reinforce this idea.
Phyllis portrays an excellent femme fatale. She seduces Walter to kill her husband and all the while 'plays' Walter for this other guy, Nino, and gets him to believe that Lola does not love him. She is the criminal mastermind behind the film and she was amazing in doing so.
I think Phyllis was a very negative characterization of women. It is another example of a women playing the seducer and the 'poor' man falling for her stunning looks and conniving ways. I believe that it just is another reason for men to blame women for their short comings. It never seems to be the man's fault for not being able to live up to his own decisions. Women are not always cunning and deceitful, but they seem to be portrayed as having those characteristics quite often.
Phyllis comes out as the powerful looking one in the film at the beginning, but soon becomes the poor, helpless, in love woman that can not resist the powerful man that is stepping up to her and trying to run from the problem that he was very much involved in. Once again, the woman becomes the subservient, in the end, to the man.

Double Indemnity- Ashley Bergman

Film noir was a major genre (though a partially undefinable one) post-WWII. Many believe it is a movement reacting to the amount of discontent in the US due to all the social changes-- southern blacks moving north, suburban areas developing, and women taking over the workplace while their men were overseas. Elisabeth Bronfen discusses how the anti-hero find himself falling prey to the allures of corruption with death as the only escape. Eric Avila sees the development of the femme fatale manifestation of male insecurity about women moving beyond traditional gender roles, depicting women as connivers out to undermine masculinity through misdeeds. In Double Indemnity, Phyllis undermines the masculinity of two men by using one to aid in a murder and by killing the other.

Film Noir is also famous for its usage of black and white and shadows. Double Indemnity shows each step of Neff's fall from grace through Phyllis' attire as she guides him to corruption. In the scene they first meet she is wearing all white as Neff is still relatively pure. The next time they see each other, the time she brings up the accident insurance and plants the idea of murder in Neff's mind, she is wearing a dress that is half-white and half-black, as though to suggest he is heading down the path of corruption. On the night that Neff murders her husband, Phyllis is wearing all black to match the conclusion of his fall from grace.

So as we can see, Phyllis is the quintessential film noir femme fatale-- undermining men left and right (let's not forget poor Nino) and using classic film noir manipulations of black and white while doing so.

Double Indemnity- Jackie Claypool

This week we watched Double Indemnity. I really enjoyed this film because of the whole idea of using the unusual characteristic of film noir throughout the movie. In class and throughout the readings, the idea of how writers and directors used film noir in order to display the sense of pessimism that many Americans were feeling post World War II was a common topic.
As a result of the war, women were becoming a bigger and more important part of society and as The Whiteness of Film Noir reading said, “Female power is the crime that these women represented.� This characteristic was displayed in Double Indemnity when Walter Neff fell victim to Phyllis’s charm. Phyllis was always shown with shadows across her face to imply the darkness/evilness that she contained. Once Walter Neff fell victim to her charm he was from then on also shown with shadows draped across his face as well. As the Whiteness of Film Noir puts it, “[A] film is noir if it puts into play light and dark in order to exhibit a people who become ‘black’ because of their ‘shady’ moral behavior.�
I thought it was really interesting how this film (and other films that used film noir) combined the white criminality and the black identity. In the Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight reading, they talked about how the “morally corrupt white folks� are almost always viewed alongside some sort of black service worker. In Double Indemnity Walter Neff is no exception; he relies on the black janitor in his apartment to seal his alibi. This is just the writer’s way of displaying their racism toward blacks without actually going right out and saying it (which is a technique that was used a lot throughout movies that are noirs).

Amanda Kennedy on Film Noir

The very idea of film noir has been called a genre, a style, a movement, along with many other terms, giving rise to the argument of what exactly it is. Those that call noir a genre approximate it to occur between 1941 and 1958. As a genre, it explores the darker side of human behavior, including violence and sexual desires. It also eliminates the clear cut between what is right and what is wrong. Though it seems to me and also to Hirsch that “noir never died.� Borde and Chaumeton say that the whole basis of noir is to “disorient the spectator� to go against the conventions of regular film. This doesn’t seem to be limited to movies just of the 1940s and 50s. A movie that seems to fit the style and ideals of what has been called noir is the 2005 movie “Sin City.� It has the elements of drastic lighting, gangsters, the feme fetals of the “red light district� of sin city, and characters that do bad things yet for noble reasons. These people are caught up in the violent corruption of the city, so their actions towards survival and justice aren’t what we would conventionally think as right. Yet this movie isn’t thought of as noir.

If you asked someone to tell you about film noir they would only think of the earlier movies. That’s why I would call noir more of a revolution for movies. It was a way to break loose from the strict censorship guide known as the Hays Code, to try and show how the world is. Yet the earlier movies were still highly censored, so they used innuendos and other subtle ways around them. As time progressed and censorship lightened up a little, the movie industry could be more blunt in showing how things really are, and therefore the noir revolution had done it’s job and was over, giving way to the newly liberated Hollywood.


sin_city_front_cover.jpg

Double Indemnity: Nicole Carroll

As a not very knowledgeable viewer of Film Noir I thought that Double Indemnity was an excellent film. It not only had a plot that many movies frame today, but it had more than shots of just gray to keep your eyes on the screen. It framed many shadows to set the mood of bad happenings (i.e. murders). A great example of framing was when Phyllis' grim smile on her face was the only object highlighted with whites and grays with a black background. This showed that without sounds of the breaking neck that someone would be able to tell something bad was happening. We identified a scene like this in class as having depressive mood lighting, which includes dark backgrounds or shadows. Another example of this is the scene when Phyllis first visits Mr. Neff at his apartment and falls to shambles with emotional distraught about her husband and the attention he doesn't give her.

This comes to my second part of Phyllis' feminine quality she gave the film. She exhibits the qualities of "smart, pragmatic, independent women" (Scruggs, 676). She had the figure, the blond hair, innocent, but yet still seductive, mysterious look to her. Scruggs explains that in Film Noir these mysterious women appear out of nowhere to disrupt middle-class life. This is exactly what happens, she lured in Mr. Neff by appearing out of nowhere on the balcony of her home when he had visited first about the life insurance policy (to kill Mr. Neff). This is where they got involved and he mistakingly chose to deal with a women that has a past and will continue to have one in the life of many men, until she was stopped.

Double Indemnity- Justin Kaplan

I first want to say that I actually really liked this movie. I don't typically like black and white movies but I found the way they "set moods" with the contrast of the black and white to be very clever. I believe that Double Indemnity is in its own category of genres. It portrays Phyllis as a femme fatale. A femme fatale, of course meaning, an irresistibly attractive woman, esp. one who leads men into difficult, dangerous, or disastrous situations. Phyllis is a beautiful woman who is married to an older man that has money, but one whom she is not attracted to nor is in love with. Phyllis is very unhappy with her marriage and when Walter stepped through the door, this was like her scapegoat. Phyllis traps Walter into thinking that she loves him when in reality she is just using him for the money and could care less about him. This is the start of where I believe that this film was in its own genre. They also used the contrast lighting to really set the moods. In this film you could tell when something frightening or bad was about to happen because the scene got a lot darker. For instance when Walter walks into Phyllis's house at the end of the movie and Phyllis turns all the lights off and is sitting in her living room in complete darkness. This is comparable with today in how we use scary music to foreshadow dramatic events. Phyllis portrays both negative and positive aspects of the feminine population. She is a beautiful charming woman, but yet is also evil and puts together a scheme to kill her husband so she can claim the insurance money. Her looks were very important to Phyllis because she was in a time period that highly admired your physical appearance. I think that Phyllis is an overall negative characterization of women. Men are attracted to beauty, but are also looking for someone that they can trust and know will not stab them in the back. This film really shows how women can be very sly and you never know when Phyllis is telling the truth or not. Because Phyllis is a femme fatal character, I believe that it really keeps the viewers wondering throughout the entire movie whom she really is. The femme fatale plays a huge role in determining the outcome of the main plot in this movie. She not only stirs up the plot, but she is what everyone is really interested in. I think in the end, Phyllis gets what she had coming for her because of what she does. Phyllis has to be very reliant on her husband because of the post WWII male dominant society, but in the end, she can no longer take being the inferior person which turns out to bite her in the butt.

Courtney Marlow's Double Indemnity

Double Indemnity happens to be the first and only film noir piece that I’ve ever seen. I definitely disagree with the idea that film noir is a genre. However, this type of film does set a certain mood and makes the viewer feel a certain way. And these feelings are typically negative. As I watched Double Indemnity, I experienced unpleasant feelings- the darkness and shadows especially bothered me. I felt anxious as though something bad was always going to happen. Specifically through cinematography, film noir is able to manipulate the audience’s mood using “the power of blackness,� (Scruggs, 1).
In addition to setting the mood of the film, the darkness and shadows used in film noir also represent the moral disposition of the characters in the film. In Double Indemnity, the scenes are much brighter in the beginning when Walter Neff is still portrayed as a noble salesman. However, as soon as Neff meets Phyllis, the film’s cleverly desperate femme fatale, his character becomes a shadowy and deceitful man. It was particularly interesting that the character’s faces were almost black as they discussed ‘knocking off’ Mr. Deitrichson, and in the actual scenes when the murder took place. And more importantly, the scenes got progressively darker as the film went on, symbolizing the deteriorating moral character of Walter Neff and Phyllis Deitrichson. Blackness and shadows are definitely a metaphor for the moral transgressions in film noir, specifically in Double Indemnity.
Phyllis Deitrichson is undeniably the film’s femme fatale. Her character is clever and cunning, as she appears to be naïve and desperate. Phyllis easily manipulates Neff throughout the movie until the very end. It is obvious that Neff was never confident in their plans to kill Mr. Deitrichson, however, he was blinded by his love for Phyllis, which is why he followed through. The role of femme fatale in Double Indemnity did lead to the ultimate downfall of Walter Neff- his devotion to Phyllis is what allowed his character to do a complete 180.
In conclusion, film noir is not a genre, but a powerful style of film that allows viewers to see the devious side of people, and the dark side of life. With its use of darkness and shadows, film noir is capable of setting a mood not characteristic of typical American cinema. I can’t say that I like film noir, however, it did have a definite impact on me as I watched Double Indemnity.

Double Indemnity & Film Noir - Alec Charais

What I noticed most of all while watching Double Indemnity was how weak Walter was. This goes in line with what Eric Avila describes as film noir's parade of "weak men" that underscore the destabilization of the white male identity. This was evident throught the film where Walter, who was a successfull, respected, record setting salesman become seduced by Phllis, them ulitmate femme fatale!

What made Phyllis so powerful was her ability to play to the weaknesses of her male counterparts, making them feel as if they were the ones in control of the situation when in reality she was. By playing the role of the subservient, traditional women, she was able to lead them to believe as if they were in charge. While this plays well on film, what this depicts during the era of the 1950's is a time when women were in more predominent male roles. The aura surrounding women in movies of the noir genre would change as the social movements of the times changed, and therefore did not play as well to the viewer. The liberal movements such as women's liberation would not have been served well by negative portrayals such as those from the film noir era.

"The role of femme fatale modeled a clear contempt for the traditional role of women", as written by Avila. Therefore, the role of men in society would also have to change, and thus characters such as Walter in Double Indemnity became a part of film in this era, compared to the macho roles such as those played by Bogart in Sahara and Wells in Citizen Kane before.

Dillon Aretz -- Noir

As we discussed in lecture, film noir often represents the repressed stories within society. I think that one of the most subtle examples of this from the movie was with Mr Keyes. Keyes talks about reading case claims as if they were actual living beings as if he were a surgeon to examine them. Likewise, he gets excitement from reading statistics about suicide. These fixations reveal a darker dimension to the characters (even the ones on the 'good' side of the law, like Keyes) that was often ignored or suppressed in media at the time. Moreover, because his job is so commonplace, even dull, he gets excited through the drama of these darker subtexts; while his work may just be filing claims at the office, through his imagination it becomes laced with criminal acts that he wouldn't touch in reality. And this is the true nature of noir: the excitement (both of violence and sex) that one would never dare to experience in their life is brought up, realistically justified, and concluded. In this way, one might argue that --like the modern controversy over violent video games-- experiencing these notions and learning their consequences might prevent people from actually attempting to murder their husband; in the end, the unjust characters die, leaving the audience only with a feeling of remorse for the acts they might have done were it not for the moral in the story.

Double Indemnity--Ariel Ward

Genre is defined as "a category of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content" according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary. Given that, film noir as a genre can certainly be defended. Film noir tends to use a certain visual style, emphasizing the use of light and dark to examine the main characters. The genre (for it is a genre) usually has a leading man (generally a detective, someone attempting to discover information about another character) and a femme fatale as the main characters.

The femme fatale, Phyllis in this case, epitomizes the qualities of a femme fatale. She is sexually uninhibited, seducing her current husband, her insurance salesman, and her stepdaughter's boyfriend in order to get what she wants. The average woman is not a femme fatale nor does she aspire to be one; Phyllis is a negative characterization of women in general. Many men would do a great deal for a pretty woman, but the woman herself tends to be a good person rather than a Phyllis-type individual.

Femme fatales in film noir are always the catalyst for the male lead's descent into darkness. In this respect, the femme fatale is limited to one role and one purpose: illuminating the male lead's life and presence in the film. However, her power over him leads him to change (and thus be interesting to the viewer) so she has considerable power during the movie.

Double Indemnity- Brenna Munoz

Whether film noir should be considered its own genre or not is something that can be debated back and forth without ever reaching an agreement. Regardless of this, the characteristics and qualities of films such as Double Indemnity definitely set them aside from ordinary films such as the everyday drama or chick flick. While the film Double Indemnity had a huge impact on the film industry as a result of its release, it is still not a movie I would personally be interested in watching again. I at times found myself getting bored with the over exaggerated events and cheesy lines. However, when examined more closely, one is able to see why this film had such an impact on the start of a new era for film noir.
Double Indemnity takes a turn away from the norm of the happily ever after film, which at the time was all anybody was use to seeing on screen. Instead, Double Indemnity ends far from happily every after and presents an odd twist of events where the good gets caught up with the evil. The film also breaks away from the norm by showing an example of the glamorous and wealthy being capable of deceitful acts. What is especially intriguing about this is the new portrayal of woman that was not often seen before.
Instead of the sweet, loving housewife, Phyllis is portrayed as an independent, manipulative, and cheating woman that uses her sexuality and feminine power over men to lure them into her conniving deeds in order to get what she wants. She proves to be quite successful in this and manages to ruin the lives of what many would initially classify as good characters. This opens the viewers’ eyes to a whole new aspect of film showing the darker side of reality that involves murders, affairs, stealing, lying, violence, and death.
In addition to introducing a twist on characters and plot, film noir also introduces the use of darker lighting and various music timing that has an impact on the perception of various scenes and characters.
In totality, all qualities such as those shown in Double Indemnity, were uncommon to its time and introduced viewers to a unique, new, dark, and suspenseful mood which marked the start of a new era for film noir.

Yu Katayama

I thought Double Indemnity was a good film even though the film was in black and white - film noir. The plot, i thought, was good and it had a very unique and a clever style to the film. I would categorize (or genre) this film either into mystery or drama, but not film noir. i believe that film noir is more of a technique or a style of the film rather than a genre. i think it is clever to use the effect of darkness and lightness with no color because it does set the mood and creates that visual effect. When the lighting is very dark, (like the scene towards the end where Phyllis and Walter are at the house) it sets that mood where something bad is going to happen whereas when it is lighter, it was more of the opposite.
The film also incorporates the idea of femme fatale - a woman who has a physical attraction and pretends to be innocent on the outside, but evil in the inside. In this film, Phyllis is the one who represents this idea of femme fatale. I think the Phyllis is a negative characterization of women in general because in the film, Phyllis showed that all she cared about was herself and the money and i dont think that kind of attitude can attract any men, but of course not all the women are like that. In conclusion, i did like the film and the use of the film noir and it was nice to see a black-white film to be that interesting.

Film Noir Jeff Tow Arnett

I believe that film noir is a genre, which captures viewers through its twisted characters and surreal mood. Film noir reverses the order in which Americans are accustomed to seeing movies. Film noir has a continuing theme in their productions such as certain darkness, artistic quality through flashbacks, mysterious lighting and shadow effects, and overall plot that is unusual and twisted. In the article by James Naremore, Borde and Chaumeton are intrigued by the way film noir has "revived the theme of violence". One of the major accomplishments of the series, they observe, is to replace the melodramatic combat of arms between hero and villain (the swordplay at the climax of a swashbuckler, the gun duel at the end of a Western, etc.) with a richly elaborated "ceremony of killing." After watching Double Indemnity and learning about what film noir is, I would agree more with what Borde and Chaumeton said about my film noir is intriguing to audiences. A couple of days after watching Double Indemnity I was trying to put my finger on what about this genre of movie did I find so fascinating. After looking back at the readings another quote from Borde and Chaumeton I highlighted, perfectly put into words why film noir was fascinating to me. According to Borde and Chaumeton “True films of the type, not only take place "inside the criminal milieu," but also represent "the point of view of criminals". Such films are "moral" in an approximately surrealist sense: instead of incorruptible legal agents, they give us shady private eyes, crooked policemen, murderous plainclothes detectives, or lying district attorneys (pg. 19)�. Classic film noir first person narratives and flashbacks along with its surrealist qualities like bizarre, erotic and cruelness make it into its own genre.

Chris Lewis Double Indemnity

I would first like to say that I found this movie to have less light play imagery and cinematography that respresent film nior than the reading had suggest. I found the lighting to be obviously dark in the "bad" times, and obviously light in the innocence phases of the character. Phyllis Dietrichson seemed to be the a character with the most imagery surrounding her. In this film she represents the femme fatale, as is usually presented in film noir. Being the femme fatale she is seemingly strong and independent with a skewed sense of morals. She is her own heroine and relies on nobody. But what I find fascinating about Phyllis is that she seems almost like a golem. She has little real emotion except for the the anger she shows towards the man that keeps her. The only way her ideas can come about is if she uses someone else. Phyllis isn't a person by herself, she needed Walter Neff to succeed in her plot. I was Walter's plan that they used, she just followed orders and pined when appropriate. Also, one of the main objects related to Phyllis is her anklet. This anklet is her ball and chain, making her prisoner to her husband or to whatever man finds her alluring. Phyllis is owned by her husband through this chain, and then is owned by Walter as he finds her chain irresistible and wants to own her. Her death in the end seems only proper due to her inability to "become human" from her golem form. The only way to escape her form is to die. I found this an interesting take on the femme fatale as an object and not as a revolutionary person. She can try and revolutionize the world herself, but in the end the femme fatale would always be subject to those that keep her bound.

Matt Morosky's Take on Film Noir

Film Noir is definitely an interesting and unique sub-genre that has been a huge success since the 1940's. I don't consider it a genre itself because most of the films are mysteries and dramas which are two genres in their own right. I call it a sub-genre becuase it really mixes up with those two. Double Indemnity is a fantastic film to study when learning about film noir. It has the definition of a femme fatal played by Barbra Stanwyke and the film is shot in a very dark, mysterious way. I like how when we first see her on the staircase, she is dressed in white almost angelic looking, this is to play into the seduction of our main character. As the film goes on she begins to wear darker clothes and appear to be more and more devilish. As for views on a post World War 2 suburban lifestyle, I don't necessarily believe this film portrays it in a positive or negative light. It primarily showcases the femme fatal as deceitful and our main character as weak willed. At the end he admits hes done wrong, but it's too late. This film gives women power and recognizes the power of sex and desire as modes of persuasion. The femme fatal plays a huge role in his downfall but it ultimately rests on him. He is the driver of his own ship and his weak wills were the reason he crashed and burned. Film noirs are a fun study, my personal favorite is Force of Evil with John Garfield.

Elizabeth Bassett's Double Indemnity Blog

Movies of the twenty-first century often portray the lighthearted and idealistic sides of life as chick flicks flood today’s cinemas. This is in stark contrast with the post World War II movies of film noir which reveal the darkest corners of human hearts. Within film noir, the femme fatale holds the role of leading lady as the plot appears to evolve around her. Although the character of femme fatale has been recognized as far back in history as the Greeks, Phyllis Dietrichson in the movie Double Indemnity carries womanly wiles to an entirely different level.
In thinking of the femme fatale, the first thought that jumps to mind is her physical beauty. Upon sight of her, a man may become ensnared by her lips, eyes, and hair. Her charm and allure can light up a room while at the same time offer a mystery never to be solved. Often, she plays the victim of an unescapable situation waiting for a knight in shining armor to ride to her rescue. Looking at each of these qualities, it is clear that Phyllis Dietrichson exhibits the qualities of femme fatale. Married to a wealthy man, she is caught between a comfortable life and the ideal of true love which she does not feel from her husband.
When thinking of the general characterization of women, Phyllis represents both positive and negative aspects of the feminine population. First, she is both beautiful and alluring, positive traits for which almost every woman strives. Possession of these traits grants Phyllis unique power in a society that highly values physical appearance and attraction. The use of these powers determines either positive or negative outcomes. If Phyllis were to use her powers to help society and instill change, it would be considered a positive characterization of women. In Double Indemnity, however, Phyllis utilizes these womanly wiles for her own selfish gain which eventually leads to the downfall of her husband, lover, step-daughter, and ultimately herself.
In thinking specifically of Walter’s downfall, Phyllis’s role and responsibility are clear. Walter is a lonely man searching for an adventure amidst his rather dull life as an insurance salesman. Phyllis preys on his weakness by offering the excitement and beauty he longs for. As Walter wishes to be the hero, Phyllis presents her need to be rescued from a hopeless situation of being caught with a man she doesn’t love and a fortune she will do anything to acquire. From their initial interaction, Walter immediately starts down the slippery slope as his inhibitions diminish with each following reunion the two share. Eventually, she drives him to the point of obsession which leaves him no choice but to follow through with their plot to kill her husband and be together. Had the two never met, Walter would have most likely continued with his life in the world of insurance and lived to a ripe old age.
With this, Phyllis’s capacity for both truth and lies is revealed. As a female, Phyllis is caught between good and bad as she struggles to differentiate between the two. In her mind, there is a little truth in every lie as she may truly love Walter, but views him foremost as scapegoat. With the difficulty of supporting herself as a single female, she is left with no choice but to marry for practical reasons. Many women may have lied in expressing their happiness but realized their true need for love and adventure deep inside of themselves.
Overall, the femme fatale holds great power in manipulating the plot of the story. Her life is a double-edged sword as she seduces both her husband and lovers and knows how to get what she wants. At the same time, the society of the time demands that she rely on the man for survival in post World War II male dominated society. There are few jobs for women after the war and the positions that are available provide inadequate income to support oneself. In this, she has ultimate power, only to find herself powerless in the end.



Double Idemnity reflection

I didn't really like double idemnity very much. It is just so lacking in the strenghs that the other dark films possess. The focus of film noir is usually on the tragically "weak male" and the role of Walter Neff is very badly written into the story, which is killer for a main character(the story is supposed to revolve around him). Even with the dictaphone (Poor plot device) confession I was still wondering why he did it and why I should care. MacMurrary's performance worsened this by making the house innudeno dialouge seem creepy, vauge, and even comically hilarious at times all delivered by a character that I wasn't able to connect with.
With other film noir I found myself able to identify better with the classic miserable detective character that survives off of greasy food, nicotine, and cheap scotch. I guess I empathize much better with the character who is basically good but his weaknesses are how he goes to excess to compensate for the drudgery of living in a desolate, cold cityscape. That, I believe is film noir.

Derek Peltier

In class last week we talked a lot about genre, particularly and the idea of femme fatale. The femme fatale is the idea of a woman who is innocent and beautiful on the outside, but underneath as an evil person. In this case, Double Indemnity portrayed a character named Fillis who was a femme fatale. She was a woman who was married to a very wealthy man and was not happy at all with the relationship that they had. This led her to be an evil deviant who wanted him dead along with some of his money. To help her get the job done she manipulated Walter the insurance man by her beauty and good looks. She led him to believe that she was in love with him and he fell for it hard.
I feel that this movie was the start of a new genre, not only with portraying a beautiful woman as someone evil, but also in the contrast lighting of the filming. The lighting set the tone and mood for the audience which was usually dark and evil. This, to me, is how the new genre got started. The idea of darkness and violence paired with wealth and perceived happiness was unheard of at that time. For writers and film makers to cross that line started something that is still used today in films.
I really enjoyed watching this movie and learned a lot from it. One thing that I found really interesting and ironic was throughout the movie Walter was always lighting his boss’s cigarettes and than at the end of the movie it was Keyes, the boss, lighting Walters cigarette. It seemed as if the whole movie Walter was kind of catering to Keyes and at the end it was Keyes catering to Walter after everything happened.

Double Indemnity-Craig Smith

In the film "Double Indemnity" we are introduced to Phyllis, the beautiful and seductive wife of the rich businessman, Mr. Dietrichson. We first meet her at her home, when insurance salesman Walter Neff visits the Dietrichson household to renew their car insurance policy. Neff is immediately smitten by Phyllis, which she knows will allow her the ability to manipulate him in the near future. Their first conversation is ambiguous, filled with double meaning and innuendos, ending with Phyllis appearing to remain loyal to her husband despite Neff's advances. What follows is a perfect manipulation of Neff. Phyllis takes advantage of his attraction and infatuation with her in order to get him to kill her husband, whom she claims is mean and controlling of her. Their attempt to make the murder look like an accident in order to collect a huge insurance payoff from his policy is almost a success, but proves fatal for them.

Phyllis plays the role of the femme fatale perfectly, in my opinion. She is beautiful and sexy, which allows for her to be dangerously manipulative to even the most strong-willed of men. She definitely portrays women in a negative way: money hungry, scheming, untrustworthy, and ruthless. She is a woman who only thinks of herself, and will get what she wants by any means necessary. We are made aware of two such incidences where she stoops to murder in order to get what she wants. She first murders to get rid of Mr. Dietrichson's first wife to get to his money. When she discovers that his money will never be hers, she murders him as well, but in the end nobody gets what they are looking for.

Film Noir by Allison Veire

In the article by Erica Avila, film noir is defined as “a genre, a mood, a sensibility, and a movement.� When comparing the characteristics of film noir I’m not entirely convinced that it can be considered its own genre. Despite this thinking, film noir in my mind embodies the other three descriptions of a mood, a sensibility, and a movement. Applying this description of film noir to the movie Double Indemnity, we see the mood is present in the distinctive atmosphere in which the movie is shot. The environment is an “erotic portrait of an urban wasteland,� in which the darkness seems to creep into the characters lives throughout the movie, and eventually is shown through their toxic behavior. We also see how the movie portrays sensibility in the way that MacMurray’s character responds to the “femme fatale.� He quickly realizes her intentions in killing her husband, but because of her seductive nature he conforms to her wants. Stanwyck’s character realizes from the start that by using her manipulative personality she can control his better judgment and gain knowledge through his ideas in attempt to kill her husband. The most apparent description of film noir is the portrayal of a movement. Avila says in her article that one of the defining characteristics of film noir is “its use of the modern city as a setting and subject, unlike the gleaming spires of the wizard of Oz, however, the noir city exposed the seedy side of urban life.� That reality of suburbanization of the white population and the blackening of urban areas birthed a new attitude toward film making. This use of darkness and shadows made the characters “more black� in a sense, and this technique seemed to be used primarily when the characters were acting particularly devious. This technique only enforces the thought of the character of African American people; their deceitful tendencies were portrayed as and connected with the color of their skin.
Although it is arguable I don’t believe film noir is its own genre primarily because it seems to be made of other existing genres instead of being its own unique one. For example, it could be categorized as being a mystery or thriller genre. I believe this type of film making is most described by a type of movement. The concept of film noir has many unique characteristics such as the shadowed faces, dark streets, and character psychology, but not necessarily enough to construct its own genre.

Rob Skogen

Good and evil, male and female, white and black, rich and poor, forward and backward, urban and suburban, us and them. The discourse of duality is one that is as old as time, and one theme that is an undercurrent in all of our readings regarding where the true “essence� of film noir might lie.

Dan Flory’s epistemological approach is a great starting point for our exploration. We could focus our energies arguing the definitions, themes or film techniques that could constitute the “genre�, but all of that is ultimately superficial when we consider film noir in the larger context of American culture and politics. The search for knowledge can lead us to find that there is meaning hidden below the surface, which makes it imperative to change the ways in which we look at the world.

In searching for meaning in WWII propaganda films, we were presented a one-sided, idealistic view of the American way of life. In searching for understanding in the noir movement, we are presented with an ambiguous “other side�, or more realistic representation of how things were at the same time. In this dichotomy, Double Indemnity would be the counterpoint to Sahara’s point. The title alone screams to us to search for a hidden meaning within.

Just as Walter Neff’s relationship with Phyllis would never be the same after the murder, regardless of how hard he tried to cover their tracks, the war impacted American culture in a significant way. Millions of soldiers went over seas for years to fulfill their patriotic duty. This left a void in the social spaces that turned race, class and gender lines upside down forever. These soldiers would return to a different country, one that was going to move forward with or without them, no matter how hard they tried to maintain a sense of status-quo. From the often ignored perspectives of race, class and gender, it is this American struggle to adjust to a new reality that the other articles from this week’s readings attempt to address.

Although these concepts have been hidden in the subconscious of our nation’s history, they are the pulse or rhythm of our existence and provide a framework for furthering our discourse on the American experience. Urban and suburban, forward and backward, rich and poor, white and black, male and female.

Femme Fatale as Fatal to Feminism

Phyllis, the femme fatale, and Lola, the naïve stepdaughter, demonstrate interesting conflicts for feminist film observers to resolve. Both are complex characters that make it difficult to conclude the film’s message about women. Fundamentally, however I conclude that the film portrays women as evil or powerless, neither of which promotes a positive view.
Phyllis is portrayed as calculating, cruel and a murderer—hardly positive adjectives. Her evil side is complemented by her beauty, sexual prowess and what Naremore describes as “adept with firearms� (19). While her character does upset traditional stereotypes of ugly equating with evil and beauty equating with good, it places women in an entirely negative category—either they are ugly and evil or beautiful and evil. Her manipulative wiles might speak well toward empowerment and agency, but her character is fundamentally criticized and ultimately killed for using her womanly empowerment in socially unacceptable arenas. We might even be able to shrug her off as “too in love to realize that she was wrong� except that Lola’s description of her repeat murdering tendency indicate that Phyllis is at her core corrupted.
Lola contrasts Phyllis’s evil with moral goodness, but even she does not portray femininity positively. Instead of being evil, Lola is uninformed and naïve. Even when she acknowledges her stepmother’s evil ways, she only cries and doesn’t actively combat them but rather turns to a man for help. Her inability to act even when she notices evil displays her as weak.

Film Noir as a genre? (Jeff Batts)

I really don't feel film noir should be considered a 'genre' of film, and think it should be considered a mixture of genres. I definitely agree with the Naremore article when it says that film noir could be viewed as one of many things: a style, a genre, or a 'phenomenon'. However, if you held a gun to my head and forced me to choose, I would say that film noir is a style of cinema. Watching the movie, I saw many different genres being blended together - mystery, comedy, romance, and drama. It's the way that it's all blended together that makes it film noir. Anthony had the quote in lecture that said that the essence of film noir is the dialogue. All the conversations are quick and tense. There never seems to be a moment in the film where anyone is relaxed. Even when Walter and Phyllis are supposedly in love, you couldn't tell from the way they talked. It's tense, full of ambiguity, and sharp. It's definitely not done like that in films today. There are almost never any quick back and forth barbs being launched at each other for the length of the film. The relationship stays static throughout.

The black and white film really allows for the shadow play used throughout. It helps to provide a starker contrast between light and dark. That's not something we see commonly used in film today, and it's something that I feel is harder to pull off with color film. That's another reason why I don't view film noir as a genre - it is pulled off best in black and white.

So, in summary, until I see a 'film noir' section at Blockbuster, I won't view it as a genre, only a style.

Reflections on Double Indemnity

In last week’s class discussion, Professor Arrigo explained many aspects about the origins of film noir and about the times in which film noir was developed as a form of cinematography. One aspect of film noir, which was of great interest to me, was the use of lighting as a way of influencing the audience’s mood toward a particular character. We discussed the use of darkened shadows as a method of exuding demoralized, villainous, violent and taboo images about upper-class, white-privileged members of society. However, we discussed in particular, the notion of the femme fatale as being a blonde-haired, angelic-faced, seemingly innocent woman, who was truly a malicious sexual deviant with killer instincts. The femme fatale in Double Indemnity was Phyllis; she seemed innocent and well intentioned, but was in fact a disturbed individual with a serious dark side.

In the beginning of the film, when Walter arrived to Phyllis’s home to meet with her husband about discussing car insurance, Phyllis was seen standing at the top of the stairs with nothing but a towel draped around her. She had an aura of light illuminating from her face, as though she was an angel; however, this was before we knew anything about her character. She innocently explained to Walter that she wanted to get “accident insurance� for her husband, without his knowledge, because she was worried about something happening to him at work. Walter saw through her seeming concern for what it truly was – her wanting to kill her husband to gain insurance money. When feelings between Phyllis and Walter were reciprocated, they shared a kiss for the first time in his apartment. There were dark, contrasting shadows that fell over them as they kissed, giving the audience a sense of the taboo, adulterous act they were participating in. Phyllis took advantage of Walter’s love for her and played the victim as she explained that her husband abused her and did not love her. Walter, believing that he would gain money and Phyllis’s love, falls in her trap and decides to help her kill her husband and make it look like an accidental death. The moment that Walter killed Phyllis’s husband, her face was emotionless, with dark shadows cast over her. After the entire charade of faking her husband’s death from a moving train is over, Phyllis shed no tears, showed no emotions, just as though she was a stone-cold killer. In fact, I think I saw a smirk on her face throughout the entire incident.

Phyllis killed Lola’s father in cold blood, just as she had killed her mother, and the use of lighting and shadows throughout her evil acts made this very clear. Walter had unfortunately fallen for her act and believed that she indeed loved him, however in the end, he realized who she truly was and killed her. Phyllis’s damsel in distress act didn’t fool me for one minute; she was cold and calculating from the very beginning!

- Hasti Fashandi

Style or Dialogue_Double Indeminity_Chris Remy

Post war America incorporates a reality of social and political reconcile. Can Hollywood try and show the world how are society can redeem itself? Charles Scruggs believes that can been seen thru what he calls “pragmatic, sexy, smart and independent- this dark lady – imprisoned by Hollywood’s conventions, that in turn reflect society at large.� It’s this vehicle of reconciliation that some believe to be called Film Noir.

Problematic is how film noir remains. Caught in a scattered abyss of critics, this so called genre takes grass roots in narratives that reveal and explore the darker side of human behavior, the social conditions, and the criminal activities. These issues are raised in a notable 1944 film based on a James M. Cain novel “Double Indemnity.� It’s this film that takes the so called femme fatale of film noir to new heights.

According to Eric Lott, “the ruthless women in noir exemplify and perform the dark deeds that signify the underside of the self that upstanding men must refuse in the interest of self preservation.� He goes on to talk of “Double Indemnity� and its femme fatale, when Walter, a character in the movie falls into the prey of a woman. It is here that the reconciliation really began. When women began to realize the power they had or thru the use of dialogue they could persuade a man to even kill for her. It is this exploitation of power that makes film noir an area of great awakening in Hollywood at the time of its arrival. Even today women in charge is still raises heightened awareness.

Melissa Colbert-Double Indemnity

Double Indemnity definitely challenged what was considered to be acceptable for film in its time, and I feel that it and other film noir movies fall in a category all their own. The majority of them shared a similar cold, dangerous locale filled with uncertainty and deceit, a dangerous femme fatale, dramatic flashbacks, and racy dialogue filled with suggestion. Also, according to Eric Avila, writer of Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight: Film Noir, Disneyland, and the Cold War (Sub)Urban Imaginary, film noir exposed, “….a cycle of American filmmaking roughly spanning the ten years following the end of World War II. Defined as a genre, a mood, a sensibility, and a movement…a diverse array of crime dramas ranging from individual case studies of murder and criminal deviance to more general treatments of gangsters and organized crime� (p.6). Double Indemnity, in particular, is the classic film noir starting from the conniving leading lady to the racy love story turned homicide. Phyllis’ (Mrs. Dietrichson) character was considered the classic femme-fatale, using her sexuality to entice Neff (Walter) and driving him to kill her husband. I feel that for her time, Phyllis represented strength for women because she used what little “power� she was allowed to have to help her get the freedom from men that she wanted. Women had very little say in what went on in relationships and even in cases of supposed abuse and unhappiness (like the story Phyllis told Neff about her marriage), they were not allowed to even file for divorce without the consent of the husband. With time has come great advancement, and today women have more power and freedom to live the life they want instead of lying and cheating for it. During this time in history, the suburbs drew out many middle class whites, while leaving lower class and minorities in the dark city which was seen as dangerous and full of crime. As far as the representation of minorities in the movie, they were seen in a subservient role such as a maid. Also, besides the use of Neff’s African American garage attendant as his alibi, they were also portrayed as less intelligent and also untrustworthy. For example, when Mr. Lopez was attempting to collect insurance money from a car that “blew up�, he was called a liar and then while exiting the room he had to be told how to turn a doorknob. In short, I enjoyed the twists and turns of Double Indemnity and feel that it certainly gives us a glimpse into American culture at that time.

Double Indemnity-Sukhpal Dhillon

Film noir of the 1940’s and the 1950’s had a variety of traits that distinguished it from other films. Lighting, cinematography, femme fatale, low key black and white, fatalism/oppressive environment, taboo themes, sexual innuendos and racial tension. Being a person of color I was quite interested when Instructor Arrigo had commented that racial tension was quite prevalent during that time. Throughout the entire movie no minorities seemed to be servers of white society. I didn’t see any minorities at the supermarket that Mr. Neff and Phyllis constantly visited or the insurance firm that Mr. Neff worked at. There were four scenes where minorities were present or mentioned. The first was in the beginning when three African Americans were cleaning the building at night. Another was when Mr. Neff explains to Phyllis that a “colored� woman cleans his apartment. The third incident was when Mr. Neff hands his car over to an African American man to get it cleaned. The last and most obvious was when Mr. Neff was boarding the train. All the attendants and loaders were African Americans. No minorities held high paying jobs and were in more “service� jobs. It was evident that director Billy Wilder purposely put minorities in the background, to emphasize that white culture and society is not deemed as perfect as they come off as. By placing minorities in “meager and misery-laden roles� serving white America portrays the time in a more realistic fashion while making a subtle political statement at the same time. Though racial tension is a trait of film noir, I did not see a hint of it whatsoever within Double Indemnity. All the minorities within the film were either very polite or were ready to be told what to do. Overall though if one were to look at the role of minorities within the film it is quite evident that they lived in what could be deemed an oppressive environment.

February 9, 2008

Katherine Rivard

Many would argue that film noir is not a genre at all, but rather a ubiquitous classification based on its discourse and dialect. I feel that film noir is a genre, which captures people through its twisted characters and surreal mood. Naremore provides several components that would classify film noir as a genre: “They often employed a first person narration and flashbacks,� and are comprised of surrealist qualities such as, “bizarre, erotic, ambivalent, and cruel� (17, 19).
Double Indemnity certainly captures all of these qualities particularly through the film’s femme fatale, Phyllis, in her cruel actions, erotic violence, and seductive discourse, which leads to an overall theme of the film centered on death. This is a continuing theme in other film noir productions: a certain dark, artistic quality through flashbacks, mysterious lighting and shadow effects, and overall plot that, for its time, is unusual and twisted.

Sydney Liles

It is easy to see why Double Indemnity would have been rejected by several studios in this time peroid. It breaks a lot of the censorship laws and goes against any tradtions. The fact that the people who were doing wrong in this film, ended up meeting their death seems to be why this film was finally accpeted. Also the fact that it was so well recieved by the audience at the time, could be the fact the social deviance meet its fate.
As far as applying film noir to this film on aspect is " Immobility, to be sure, grounds the cruel theatre of noir." according to Conley. This in Double Indemnity is shown with Neff telling this enitre story of murder and money while not moving. It is then revealed at the end why he was unable to move and why he was coming clean. Being wounded Walter Neff was forced where he was and when he was trying to make is break to Mexico and could not even make it to the elevator.
Also, looking at Film Noir and its cliches that Conley mentions, this film shows the cliche of penalties for social deviance. The two main characters cheat an instantly fall in love. Then he will do anything for her and helps kill her husband and claim her insurance money. Both of them are shot, by each other, and meet the only fate they can. Had they gotten away with it and lived happily every after, it would have upset the social norms of this time period.

Jess Doll's Reaction to Double Indemnity

After WWII film noir, which can be described as a style, theme, and discourse, hit Hollywood. Unlike other "genres" before it, film noir was known for its dark and immoral themes, describing American for the first time as a dystopia. Although film noir was known for focusing on the darker side of life, not all of what it depicted was dreadful. For example, film noir highlighted woman in a new light after WWII. It recognized the women who moved out of the house and into the workforce during the war. With icons like Rosie the Riveter to look up to, woman went from being traditional housewives to the femme fatale in Hollywood.

Eric Avila, author of "Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight," also recognizes that film noir takes the woman's shift from the home to the workforce as opportunity to reshape their image in the 1940's, describing the femme fatale as the following ". . . [An] alluring yet disturbing portrait of a new breed of public woman---sassy, conniving, and out to undermine masculine authority through her many misdeeds." The movie Double Indemnity, categorized under film noir, depicts a "sassy and conniving" femme fatale as described above. Phyllis Deakerson was her name; she was the movies seductress and was able to string multiple men along during the film, using her looks and sexual energy to get just what she wanted. Although film noir recognizes woman as more than a housewife, femme fatales being murders, liars, cheaters, and lawbreakers are not exactly depicted positively. Thus, in the 1940's, women seem as though they have a long way to go in order to be represented as respectable, genuine, hardworking, citizens.

February 8, 2008

Double Indemnity- Amanda Ruffalo

I really enjoyed Double Indemnity. To be honest I have never heard of "film noir" before, but once I read articles explaining what it meant, I got a better understanding and do believe that "film noir" is a specific genre in itself. I support the thought that Hirsch makes saying, "film noir' is characterized by a fractured narrative, it's characters caught in a downward spiral, its sense of a mysterious past that cannot be explained....." (677). I think that all these aspects, and others, such as the plot, lighting, moods, camera angles, movements, all make up a specific genre of "film noir" that in return make for a fantastic suspense movie. Double Indemnity can be classified in the "film noir" genre for many reasons. To begin, the lighting in the movie was very dark and mysterious, which made for a terrific crime movie. As mentioned in lecture, "film noir" emphasizes the characters light skin against dark shadows which insinuate corruptness, which was very apparent in Double Indemnity after Walter committed the crime. Another aspect of "film noir" is the idea of a female character as a "femme fatale". A femme fatale, as mentioned in lecture, is a woman who is sexually uninhibited, unabashedly independent, and ruthlessly ambitious in using her seductive and intellectual charms to manipulate men for her own ends. This portrays Phyllis exactly. She used her sexuality, beauty, and her charm to seduce and manipulate Walter to do things she wanted. Phyllis definitely had the power in this movie. Whatever Phyllis wanted, she eventually got, no matter what it took. She also plays the card of a helpless woman in need of a strong man to rescue her, which in return leads to the man's downfall, as well as her own. The mood of the movie was very mysterious and suspenseful. You just knew that eventually the criminals would get caught, the only question was when. The crime seemed to work out perfectly at first until piece after piece began to fall apart and the characters would start to panic until eventually they would get caught or give up. Another characteristic of "film noir. Overall, this movie was enjoyable to watch. It kept me interested the whole way through and it made for an ideal "film noir" film.

Double Indemnity- Liz Eisler

According to Dan Flory, “film noir is best understood not as a genre, mood, movement, or visual style, but rather as a discourse.� Through this perspective, film noir describes films as engaging and defying society. Double Indemnity is definitely a classical best-liked film of film noir, including metaphors such as black and darkness, minorities playing meager roles, a victim of fate, and a femme fatale.
Barbara Stanwyck plays a memorable performance as Phyllis Dietrichson, a cold and callous manipulator. Playing the role of an innocent victim, Phyllis was able to ruin the lives of many men and women within society in order to get what she wants. With her sexual prowess, seductiveness, and intellectual charms Phyllis was convinced she would be able to benefit greatly after the death of her husband however her road to success lead to deep devastation (the death of her husband and herself). Throughout the film Phyllis portrays a women with an immense amount of power, convincing Walter that she is nothing more than a mere victim of her husband’s drinking problem and physical abuse. Through Phyllis’ manipulation, Walter not only found himself with his life in ruins, but he ended up dead.
Another concept of film noir which I took a notice to was the use of minorities throughout the movie. I only saw or heard mention of a few, such as the maid of the Dietrichson house, Walter’s reference to his cleaning lady as, “the colored woman comes in,� and Charlie, the black man washing cars in Walter’s garage. While these minority figures all seemed to play meager roles, I found it quite interesting that Walter wanted Charlie to be apart of his alibi. Although the social forces working in American society at the time still largely discriminated against minorities, Walter seemed to give Charlie an important role.

Double Indemnity Mikhail Karpich

In this weeks film "Double Indemnity," which is considered a genre of noir or noir films, shows minorities, mostly blacks, as being confined to performing inadequate, subservient, low-end, and non-prestigious jobs and tasks in serving the white American's. In the article "Popular Culture in the age of White Flight" by E. Avila, the author brings up the fact that World War 2 caused waves of racial violence. In this weeks movie the clash between the races was not explicitly shown but, i believe it implied the superiority of the white race over blacks by representing the blacks in subservient roles. In the noir film the morally wrong whites were represented among the black service workers. This was probably done to bring the corrupt whites down to the level of the blacks worth during that era. In the "Double Indemnity' the blacks were represented in the film performing car cleaning/washing jobs, janitorial services, baggage carrying, and house cleaning services. All their tasks in the movie were performed in service to the white Americans. In the article by E. Avila, the author also mentions Disneyland and Aunt Jemima serving the whites, which is an accurate representation of the subordinate positions of the black people in the society of that time. The roles of blacks and whites in the film represents segregation of social forces in American society. The blacks occupying the low end servicing jobs, involving much physical labor, while the whites held the prestigious "White collar" jobs in the society. In the article "The Whiteness of Film Noir" by E. Lott, reads the following,"The film noir if it is put into play white and dark in order to exhibit a people to become 'black' because of their 'shady' moral behavior." This says a lot about how the blacks were portrayed in society at that time and why they held the low end jobs. After all they were considered immoral and shady.

Femme Fatale in Double Indemnity - Sarah Osborne

Although Double Indemnity is full of interesting things to discuss, I am most intrigued by the amazing character Phyllis Dietrichson. Barbara Stanwyck was perfect for this role as she conveyed the sexy, devious femme fatale character flawlessly. She gave coy looks and innocently asked leading questions to make her schemes happen. It even seemed that instead of listening to what Walter had to say she controlled the conversation by plotting out what she was going to say or do next to help her get ahead.

I thought it was interesting that they had such a strong female character in Double Indemnity given the time period it came out in. As we discussed in class, World War II gave women a new role in the United States as they took over the abandoned jobs left by the soldiers. Then post-WWII the men returned and all of a sudden there was a challenge for dominance coming from women and minorities. In the movie Phyllis’ character exhibits this strength as she manipulates men to get what she wants. Yet, in the end her plot is foiled by Walter, and she pays for it with her life. It’s almost like this movie reflected a message to the women who thought they were now an equal part of society that this was a false sense of strength, and they are not capable of being in power.

Double Indemnity reminded me a lot of the 2002 film, Chicago. Although it’s a musical, it is filmed in a similar matter as Double Indemnity. I’m not sure if it’s considered a “film noir�, but as we discussed this may be more of a style than a genre, in which case I think Chicago would fall in this category. Not only was it filmed very dark, using a lot of shadows and black, but the characters Velma Kelly and Roxie Hart very strongly demonstrate the concept of femme fatale. Both go to jail for killing their husbands basically in vain. They use the media attention to become famous, but eventually experience a downfall as the next woman criminal takes the spotlight and they are forgotten. I just thought it as interesting how this type of film is still popular, as Chicago the movie came out not too long ago.

Film Noir - Eric Nelson

Film noir is less of a genre and more of a dialogue. It defies classification and is more of an idea, or rather many ideas. These ideas include censorship versus the reality of society, racial diversity, film techniques, the use of lighting to foreshadow the type of events to come, and the femme fatale.

The only minority I can recall from the movie was the guy washing the car. This shows that minorities didn’t get star roles and paints a pretty good picture of the type of jobs they held.

Phyllis’s character portrays the femme fatale to perfection. She is cunning and seductive. This lady knows what she wants and how to get it. She is a first-rate liar and an expert in the art of manipulation. She acts subservie