In my opinion, most learning theories have made valuable contributions to the instructional designer's tool box. For any given project, the designer should use an analysis of learner characteristics, the learning environment, learner outcomes and the sponsor's expectations to guide the choice of learning methods, mixing and matching as needed.
For example, a lesson for emergency rescue workers in setting up a field medical tent could be very straightforward and behavioristic, with emphasis on speed and technique. A lesson for high school students in an outdoor experiences class in setting up a tent could emphasize teamwork and problem solving. A lesson for college art students in using found materials would have them exploring what kind of outdoor shelter they could construct.
And then of course, there's the old joke about "how many instructional designers does it take to put up a tent..."