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October 13, 2005
Dinitroaniline resistant annual bluegrass in North Carolina
Authors: John Isgrigg III, Fred H. Yelverton, Cavell Brownie, Leon S. Warren Jr.
Journal: (2002) Weed Science; 50:86-90.
Background and Objectives:
Dinitroaniline herbicide has been very successful at controlling populations of annual bluegrass in bermudagrass. Dinitroaniline controls by interrupting the DNA processes of the plant. This mode of action makes it a good controller of annual bluegrass, because it persists in the soil and it is not mobile. After using dinitroaniline for period of eight years, a golf course in North Carolina may have developed a resistance to this herbicide. Over the years resistance to simazine in annual bluegrass has been recorded, therefore resistance is possible in annual bluegrass. The objective of this research is to determine if the annual bluegrass population on this golf course has resistance to dinitroaniline. It is important to know if the annual bluegrass is resistant, so they can begin other control methods to eliminate and reduce this resistant strain.
Materials and Methods:
Annual Bluegrass was treated with herbicides in fall and spring. After all the herbicide applications there were plants left alive. These living plants prompted an experiment to see if the bluegrass was resistant. The bluegrass plants from two fairways were placed in flats and treated with six rates of herbicides containing oxadiazon, pendimethalin, prodiamine, and pronamide. Seeds from the known susceptible and suspected resistant plants were placed into petri dishes with herbicide and were placed into a growth chamber for 3 weeks.
Results and Disscussion:
Resistant biotypes of annual bluegrass were present at a North Carolina golf course after eight years of extreme selection pressure. The selection pressure came from lack of herbicide site of action rotation and residual herbicide that persisted in the soil for six months. The superintendent used herbicides that inhibited the formation of microtubules in the spring for eight straight years.
Two types of annual bluegrass were used in this experiment; susceptible annual bluegrass and the annual bluegrass from the golf course were the selection pressure had occurred. The resistant annual bluegrass was 6 to 105 times more resistant to the herbicide prodiamine (a microtubule inhibitor) compared to the susceptible annua bluegrass. The other three herbicides used in this experiment (pedimethalin, pronamide and oxadiazon) which have a different site of action proved to be effective in controlling both the resistant and susceptible annual bluegrass biotypes.
Adam, Aaron, Nick
Posted by at October 13, 2005 1:21 PM
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