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October 14, 2005
Herbicide Resistance
Title: Multiple herbicide resistance in a glyphosate-resistant rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) population
Author: P. Neve, L. Sadler, S. B. Powles
Journal Info: Weed Science vol. 52 pp.920-928
Background and Objectives:
Our journal article was about rigid ryegrass var. WALR 50 being resistant
to glyphosate or otherwise known as round-up. The mode of action for
glyphosate was ESPS synthase inhibiting and other herbicides that were
involved in the study were diclofop (Illoxan) and chlorsulfuron (Corsair).
“The study was conducted because rigid ryegrass is the most widespread and
severe weed in Australian grain production systems and at the same time is
the world’s most herbicide resistant prone weed.” There are very few
plants that are resistant to glyphosate and resistance to the herbicide is
becoming a more popular topic. Rigid ryegrass was also the first weed
documented to become resistant to glyphosate.
Materials and Methods:
In a plot of rigid ryegrass any plants that survived an application of isopropylamine salt of glyphosate were collected. These plants were planted again and sprayed with isopropylamine salt of glyphosate again. The surviving plants were cross-pollinated and these seeds (WALR 50) were used the next year in six experiments to test the resistance of these plants to glyphosate. Known species (VLR 1) and (NLR 70) were used as controls in the experiments.
Results and Discussion:
Two varieties of rigid Ryegrass were compared for herbicide resistance to glyphosate. NLR 70 a confirmed glyphosate resistant population and WALR 50
with unconfirmed resistant populations were analyzed using the dose
response curves. Little mortality existed in either population at the
recommended glyphosate rate (490g ha). WALR 50 was found to be 3X more
resistant than a known susceptible variety (VLR 1) confirming WALR was
resistance to glyphosate.
Although rigid ryegrass is an uncommon weed in turfgrass systems, this is
a good example of resistance to a regularly used herbicide, glyphosate
(Roundup). Other varieties of ryegrass, annual and perennial, are found
regularly in turfgrass systems making it likely that this resistance could
be found if glyphosate is abused. The article also indirectly contributes
to the known fact that repeated use of one chemical on any plants will
result in resistance. Turfgrass managers should follow labeled rates of
glyphosate, mix modes of action, and follow other methods to avoid
resistant plants.
Posted by at October 14, 2005 12:14 AM
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