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October 30, 2008

The rules will save you!!

Instead of examining each of the characters’ relationships to Ripley, I thought it made more sense to examine how each character relates to “the rules� in the movie compared to one another, and how their attitudes inform their respective relationships. What struck me almost immediately upon being introduced to the characters in the film was the idea of their being a set of very detailed commands outlined for which each member of the crew is held accountable. The best example I can remember is Ripley’s insistence of quarantine, which is also mentioned in the Alien reading for this week. However, we could delve further into the issue of rules, upon which the reading only touches briefly. The rules were of course given down through the Nostrodomos’ company, but with the ship’s isolation in space the rules seem to be regulated by the ship’s leaders. I kept wondering if Ripley’s insistence on following the rules had some kind of significance in terms of her role as a leader and possible mother figure. However, seeing Ripley’s attachment to rules doesn’t really point to any real power she might carry, since she is only following orders.

I feel that the rules are an extension of the ship. If one looks at the ship as an archaic mother as the reading suggests, then the significance of how characters react to the rules makes more sense. In a way the crew members could be equated to be children of the ship. Unlike the titles of the characters would suggest, I didn’t feel that either Kane or Dallas really seemed to be fully in charge. Especially when Dallas’ tells Ripley that Ash can do whatever he sees fit, because science-ish matters are his call. That gave me the impression that the ship worked more like sibling rivalry. The Parker and Brett busy themselves with mechanic-ish things, and follow the rules only if they think it has something to do with their salary. Ash is keenly interested in making scientific discoveries, and to some extent is either very selfish or just completely absorbed in science, which is obvious from his poor discretion in the matter of quarantine and dissecting the alien. From the short time we see Kane, he appears to be a true leader, leading the expedition onto the planet, and volunteering to explore the creepy black hole. He seems to want to follow the rules as closely as possible, which we can see when he gets out the handbook to say that the crew has to follow the “sos� signal. Dallas, on the other hand, is much pickier about which rules he thinks are necessary to follow. He seems to lead from his gut more than anything, and shows that he doesn’t care about rules unless he is held directly responsible when he turns over the science matters completely to Ash. Also when he opens the door and breaks quarantine, we can tell that he finds the rules contemptible. Lambert seems to mostly just be along for the ride, she follows orders but doesn’t put up a fight as do Parker and Brett. From the beginning with the quarantine order it is clear that Ripley adheres strictly to the rules, and views not doing so a big mistake (which in the end turns out to be true). I get the feeling that Ripley’s following the rules is primarily what is responsible for her being the sole survivor. In most horror movies I’ve found that the directors/creative team makes it so that smart people survive. People who don’t follow rules, or who are completely self absorbed always die. It’s the idea that somehow, even against a vicious and possibly unstoppable alien, the rules will still save you in the end. How bogus.

October 29, 2008

Set if off vs Thelma and louise

In both the movie Set it off and Thelma and Louise the audience is presented women that are cornered in by a legal system that is working against them. As a viewer one begins to understand that the sexism isn’t an individual act that is perpetrated by one person, but rather that it can only exist in a system that not only supports it but also many times is based on a patriarchal system. The parallel story line between these two movies is connected through financial stability. All the women believe that they can escape the life that they are currently living through the use of money. Thelma and Louise first acquire their financial support with the help of a man that is in love with Louise. Once that money is stolen they begin to ignore the social norms of the law and begin their transformation as criminals. In the robbery that Thelma commits her character remains graceful, polite, and non-violent. This is a harsh contrast to the bank robberies that are committed by the girls in Set it off. While both these movies have many similarities when it comes to the aspect of feminism, it is in Set it off that we encounter the intersectionality of race, class, gender, and sexuality. This feminist movie is complicated by the use of more diverse characters that question the role of women in our society in a broader manner. In the movie Set it off all the women expect Stony are killed in the most brutal ways that would have never been chosen for the white women in Thelma and Louise. I believe the use of the male gaze was by far harsher and more extreme in Set it off. Many women in that movie were sexualized in a more vulgar and violent manner. This makes me question why it is normalized for a black woman to be so violently treated in that movie. The audience can see a distinct difference between the treatment of a black woman that becomes a criminal to the average housewife white suburban woman.

Who created Ada's character

The qualities of a feminist film I believe are accurate representation of women and their roles and responsibilities; also who is behind the movie -- are women the creators as much as those represented? Do these roles fight stereotypes or perpetuate them? Also, it's as important to me to use movies to break male stereotypes as it is to break female stereotypes. That said I don’t believe that Jane Campion's story of repression and self-discovery in New Zealand was a feminist film. While many viewers would complicate their understanding of Ada’s disability, I believe that the core idea or theme that runs throughout the movie is finding a voice and agency as a woman during that time period. The audience begins to understand that the main character Ada is completely dependent on her piano to find a way to communicate to the outside world. When this medium of communication is taken from her by her husband we begin to understand how helpless she is without it. Her identity changes from mother to wife and then victim in a matter of a couple scenes. This change of identity was created by her husband and since he is the one who is creating most of the storyline. After Ada is in a situation where she is forced to prostitute herself in order to get her piano back from Baines; her character once again is altered into a new identity through another man. Baines uses his male gaze to make us see Ada’s beauty in the most glorious and sensual way. Shortly after that he proposes a deal to her that transforms her into a prostitute. Which he later points out and blames her for. However because Baines doesn’t want a prostitute as his lover but rather a free woman that loves him, we begin to understand their relationship as a romance rather than a dirty contract. Once her husband finds out about this affair she is punished and once again falls into the victim role through the use of brutality and domestic abuse. She is only saved from this situation when the two man encounter each other and deal with the situation that Ada is in. While I would love to complicate Ada’s character, it is clear that her identity in the movie is molded by the male characters throughout the whole movie. Until the end when Ada makes her own storyline by jumping off the boat and attempting suicide.

October 15, 2008

Set It Off & Thelma and Louise

In both of these films the characters that make the most violence are the women. In our society most people would pick men over women to be more violent. In both of these films the “bad/violent� character is played be women. This is not saying that women aren’t violent or that they can’t be. The characters in these films are not necessarily bad people they are just stuck in bad situations. In Set It Off the women just want to steal enough money to get by. Then they realize how easy it was and go back for more, once T.T.’s son gets taken away from her. They go from being just normal everyday women just wanting a better life to actual criminals. It happens the same way in Thelma and Louise, they are just trying to somewhat escape their everyday life and a couple incidents changes their whole lives. I don’t think that race had much to do with the plot of either of these movies, in my opinion. I think that the same message would have been received had the characters in Set It Off been white or if Thelma and Louise were African-American. Seeing African-American women living harder lives in the city and two white women escaping from their “housewife� roles are just typical, I think. However, it didn’t take anything away from the films. In these two films the loyalty and sisterhood was well established. In Thelma and Louise they both leave together and they end up dying together. The same can be said with the characters in Set It Off. They all decide to rob a bank together and in the end they all die together, except for Jada Pinkett-Smith’s character. In both films all the women make the decisions on what to do together. Even with the outside influences trying to pull them apart, they all stick together.

Thelma & Louise / Set It Off

In both of the films, Thelma & Louise & Set It Off, roads not only become an important means for the characters to run away from the cops but they also get a sense of having more freedom. Thelma & Louise always create more problems when they get off the road for a stop. When they are on the road, they keep moving without any problems as they enjoy the varied landscapes. They seem to be enjoying their time on the road whereas they are suspicious and cautious when they stop to rest. In the film Set It Off, while robbing a bank, the first thing that they after getting the money to be on the road fleeing from possibly getting caught. They realize being stuck in the bank for more than a few minutes is a problem but being on the road is almost a freedom from that state of mind as well as from cops. And they do get away from cops until the end. They separate in the end but only Stony (played by Jada Pinkett Smith) is able to get away by riding on the bus to Mexico. She could probably fly or take a boat to Mexico but they ride the bus by the road. This may be an exaggeration because road is cheapest method of travel but being on the road in the car or bus certainly gives sense of freedom. Thelma & Louise who were also trying to reach Mexico didn’t want to be stopped but in the end there are surrounded by cops from behind and a big cliff in the front. They realize that their freedom to a better live ends right then if they get caught by the cops and so they decide to ride off the cliff.

The ending of the both movies demands a mixed reaction. Both movies have a sad ending because Thelma and Louise supposedly is dead if they were to add additional 2 minutes to the movie after they ride off the cliff and in Set If Off, besides Stony, the other 3 women are shot to death. The movies at first seems to give a message saying you can’t get away after committing a crime and so either you kill yourself to escape incarceration or be killed in the process of escaping. But then the scriptwriters want the movie to make lot of money and so they have end the movie on a good note or at least give the audience some comfort or hope and so they end Thelma and Louise riding off the cliff with the smiles and Stony is able to reach Mexico with all the money.

October 14, 2008

Set it Off -Thelma and Louise

In both movies, the female characters were driven to commit crimes. These female characters weren't your average everyday criminals. They were simply at the wrong place at the wrong time. That's what makes the movies so interesting. In Thelma and Louise, the two women simply went on a road trip to get away from their ives for a little while. They stopped at a bar for food and chaos broke loose. Louise ends up shooting Harlan to save Thelma from getting raped. That incident was obviously not planned. From then on out, they realized that their lives would never be the same. They'd have to keep running from the cops and the chase would never stop. In the end, the fight to flee killed them. They knew there was no way out of their situation, so they chose death over hard time in jail. In Set It Off, everything goes wrong for everyone. All of there women wind up in a situation where they need money by no fault of their own, but the system.

They are forced to rob banks to make their lives go back to normal. Once again these women just fell into the wrong situation at the wrong time. Like Thelma and Louise, all of the women kept on running until the very end. Only one makes it out alive, and even she has to start over in a completely different country. These movies portray these women as both victims and culprits. They always had the choice to stop, but they figured that they were going to get in a HUGE amount of trouble no matter what. So they just kept having fun. All of the crimes they commited were very circumstancial, and it was very hard to watch these "innocent" women get chased after and killed. They weren't bad people at all. But sometimes bad things happen to good people, and that's one of the messages the movies play out.

Thelma and Louise/Set it Off

In both movies the women aren't awful people, but the situations they are encounter drive them to a life of crime. In Thelma and Louise the event was when Harlan was raping Thelma. Louise protected her friend and shot Harlan. Thelma wanted to go straight to the cops and tell them that it was self-defense, but Louise knew that the cops wouldn’t believe that story because the whole bar saw Thelma and Harlan “dancing cheek to cheek all night�. This displayed the lack of trust the women had in the patriarchal system. In Set it Off there were multiple events leading up to the women committing crime. The first was when Frankie lost her job because she was an acquaintance of Darnell. This was a crucial event because Frankie was the mastermind of the bank robbery. She justified the crime by saying that the system is not looking out for them so they needed to take action into their own hands. The second event was when Stoney’s brother was wrongly shot. He was a good student and a good kid, and it was painful to see him killed, another situation when the patriarchal system failed. The final situation and the tipping point for when they finally decided to follow through with the plan was when TeTe lost her son to child services and needed to prove that she had enough money to support him. In both films, the women feel like their backs are up against the wall, and feel like they have nothing to resort to except criminal actions. The women in Set it Off justify their crimes because they keep saying that it is the last time that they would be doing it, and they are using the money for good. Stoney wanted to use the money to get out of the hood, and establish a better life, and TeTe was using the money to support her son. In both films the women have opportunities to stop and give themselves up. However, there would be no society for them to return to so they were forced to continue.


The similarities between the endings are evident, however there are also clear differences. The endings are similar because of the massive cop chases, the women not backing down to the cops, and the women would choose death over surrendering themselves. However, in Thelma and Louise the ending has more of a happy tone, they are sticking together to the end. There is a lasting impression of friendship, and we never actually see them die. In Set if Off the ending is more gritty and more realistic because we actually see three of the four women dying. The deaths are also more violent because we see the women shot down. However, the prime distinction between the two endings is that the women in Set it Off split up in the end for a better chance of survival, and Stoney does survive in the end. She is able to fulfill her dream of leaving the hood.

Trina Hendrickson's Set It Off

The loyalty of sisterhood is expressed and shown greatly throughout the films 'Set It Off' and 'Thelma and Loise.'
In both films, women were given a chance to drop everything that was going on and start a life with a currently involved man. Loise and Stony both chose to remain loyal with their friends. The girl friends were portrayed as family, like sisters in both films. There was such a strong bond between each woman that the viewer could sense the love and respect throughout each scene that was filmed. The loyalty remained until the very end of each film. Each woman choose death in the end. I perceive in doing so, they believed they would always be best friends to the end.
The landscape in both films differed greatly from one another. In Thelma and Loise, the landscape was naturistic with wide open areas often shown. Thelma and Louise were often shot in natural daylight with no surrounding buildings. In Set It Off, a more urban street environment was portrayed. The women were surrounded by buildings and lights. The deaths that took place in the end helped reflect the nature of the landscapes. In Set It Off, the women were brutally shot to death in the streets of the city. These deaths reflect the dark business of the city life that was shown as their surrounding environment. Thelma and Loise choose to drive off a cliff. The shot as they were driving was freeze framed with them holding hands surrounded by many other beautifully colored rocks and cliffs. Their death was portrayed as more natural and soothing just as the atmospheric landscape was shown throughout the film.
Both films were similiar in comparison while reflecting evident differences, but the main point portrayed in each film was the loyalty of sisterhood.

Set It Off vs. Thelma and Loise

The loyalty of sisterhood is expressed and shown greatly throughout the films 'Set It Off' and 'Thelma and Loise.'
In both films, women were given a chance to drop everything that was going on and start a life with a currently involved man. Loise and Stony both chose to remain loyal with their friends. The girl friends were portrayed as family, like sisters in both films. There was such a strong bond between each woman that the viewer could sense the love and respect throughout each scene that was filmed. The loyalty remained until the very end of each film. Each woman choose death in the end. I perceive in doing so, they believed they would always be best friends to the end.
The landscape in both films differed greatly from one another. In Thelma and Loise, the landscape was naturistic with wide open areas often shown. Thelma and Louise were often shot in natural daylight with no surrounding buildings. In Set It Off, a more urban street environment was portrayed. The women were surrounded by buildings and lights. The deaths that took place in the end helped reflect the nature of the landscapes. In Set It Off, the women were brutally shot to death in the streets of the city. These deaths reflect the dark business of the city life that was shown as their surrounding environment. Thelma and Loise choose to drive off a cliff. The shot as they were driving was freeze framed with them holding hands surrounded by many other beautifully colored rocks and cliffs. Their death was portrayed as more natural and soothing just as the atmospheric landscape was shown throughout the film.
Both films were similiar in comparison while reflecting evident differences, but the main point portrayed in each film was the loyalty of sisterhood.

Sisterhood, Loyalty, and Justified Crime

In each of the films, sisterhood and loyalty are established in part through the commitment of crimes to help relieve the patriarchal laws that have encumbered them. In “Set it Off� the women had to worry not only about gendered, but also racial obstacles. Their wages were unfair and they received verbal harassment from their boss. One had to prostitute herself to get college money for her brother who was unjustly killed by law officers shortly thereafter. Another was unfairly fired from her job for reasons with racial undertones. The turning point was the inability to afford child care with the unfair wages that put a third friend’s child custody in jeopardy. In “Thelma and Louise,� Thelma’s rape and unfair legal system where she could have been perceived to have deserved her rape by “asking for it,� led to murder, armed robbery, kidnapping of an officer etc. The fierce loyalty of the women was clearly shown in their refusal to submit their friendship or their freedom to a patriarchal system that had enslaved them for so long. The ultimate display of this is in the death of all the female protagonists with the exception of Stony in “Set it Off.� This explanation also speaks to the question of the justification of the outlaw status of the women in each film. Because each of the women’s lives were burdened and disenfranchised by a misogynistic system, they were put into situations that threatened their lives, freedom, well being not only of themselves, but, as displayed in “Set it Off� often the lives of family members. Because they lacked a voice in this system, they were forced to pervade the law.

"Set it off" vs. "Thelma and Louise"

In both of the films the outlaw status of the characters is justified towards the beginning of the film. In both movies the women have to become outlaws in order to escape their fate and start a new life. In "Thelma and Louise" the women become outlaws when they encounter Harlan, and Louise shoots and kills him, in defense of her friend. Therefore, they have to become outlaws and try to get to Mexico to start a new life. However, in "Set if off" the four women all need money and are determined to do whatever it takes to get out of the projects, even if that means robbing a bank. Their status as outlaws becomes more severe as the film progresses, and they are all shot to death except for Stony who is the only character in either of the films to escape her fate and survive. I think that the endings of the films were similar in the way that all the characters escaped their fate of living unhappy lives or going to jail. But they were different because in "Thelma and Louise" the end is just their car frozen in the sky, but in "Set it off" you actually see the brutal killings of the three women, and how Stony made it to Mexico and could live free for all of them.

Endings and The Road

How are the endings similar and different?

Similarities:
Both let it go too far, literally killing them in the end. Thelma and Louise end up running their car off the cliff, and Cleo and Frankie die in the line of fire. Neither of them wanted the police/system to win. They were going to fight until the end. They both knew that their only options were prison or death, and obviously death seemed like the better of the two. On the other hand, police surrounded both scenes in the end, showing how strong the system is, leaving us with the notion that the police will technically always win. Death was supposed to symbolize that the women won in the end, but they still had to die, so how much of a win was it?

In both movies, nobody had anything to look forward to in life if they had chosen to live, except for Stony and T.T. Stony did live and T.T died unwillingly. Cleo believed there was nothing for her in the future; she would only remain in the ghetto. Frankie had lost her job at the bank. Thelma was in an unhappy marriage. And Louise was not in the best relationship.

Differences:
Thelma and Louise were together through the end and made the choice together to jump off the cliff, whereas the characters in Set It Off chose to split up and take care of themselves. Stony was the only one who managed to get away from it, though she really didn’t escape because she had nothing left; everyone she loved had died.

How are freedom and the road confounded in each film?

The road acts as an outlet for the women in both films. It symbolizes freedom/moving forward. In Thelma and Louise, the women begin on a fun little road-trip. They were trying to escape their everyday lives. After the rape, they spend nearly the rest of the film on the road, escaping from bigger concerns, such as the police/places they robbed. In Set It Off, Stony’s brother was killed in the road, the women speed away from their robberies by way of the road, and then Cleo and Frankie die on the road. Finally, Stony leaves everything behind by driving off in the bus, on the road.

In “Set It Off� sisterhood and loyalty are established throughout the film when we see the characters struggle both together and against each other. Near the beginning of the film when they are on the roof smoking pot, Frankie challenges Stony by refusing to quit talking about robbing a bank, there is an extended moment where they gaze defiantly at one another, in a sort of stare down fashion. Despite Stony’s distaste for the discussion, she defuses the confrontation with humor, thus demonstrating her commitment to the friendship above anything else. In the scenes when Cleo pulls a gun on Stony and when Frankie refuses TT her share of the money the others intervene to keep the unit together. The allegiance to their bond that goes back to childhood carries more weight for Stony than Cleo’s hot head antics, and sympathy for TT’s situation quickly override Frankie’s anger.

Sisterhood and loyalty are established in a similar way in “Thelma and Louise.� In moments where they could split apart, they ultimately choose to remain together. There are at least two scenes where one gives the other the choice to leave because she feels there may be some chance at a normal life for the other if she does so. What is interesting to me about these similarities between the two films is that there is also a profound difference; Thelma and Louise offer each other an out with no hard feelings, while Stony regularly encounters resistance from her friends and even pleading form TT to not leave. This could be a function of class as clearly the women in “Set It Off� have few options to make good money, and Thelma and Louise for the most part don’t have the same economic crisis due to their middle-class status.

Within the reality of the white supremacist, capitalist, patriarchy the women of “Set It Off� are oppressed for not only their gender, but their class and race as well, as where Thelma and Louise suffer mostly due to their gender. However, both groups justify their outlaw status based on the fact that they are victims to a system of inequality and oppression beyond their control. Thelma and Louise rationalize their actions because they know that the laws are established in favor of men; they know Thelma’s assault would be construed as her fault. Once they’re running, they justify their robbery because in order to escape they have to have money- which was stolen by a man. When they blow up the tanker truck, they feel justified because the male driver is a lascivious chauvinist. Similarly the women of “Set It Off� live in a world where all the rules are made by white males. None of them are able to make a decent living off working legitimately, something Stony has already accepted and rebelled against by stealing cars. Frankie had a good job, but ultimately lost it because the white male power structure associated her with Darryl’s bank robbery because of her race and socioeconomic background. As they are blocked from legitimate employment opportunities they justify their crimes as their only chance for a better life. So in this way, both groups are blocked from justice by the system of white, male oppression, and both feel warranted in rebelling against it because of this.

Parallel Themes

There are many parallel themes in the films “Thelma and Louise� and “Set It Off.� One is the running theme of sisterhood. Thelma and Louise don’t seem to have as much history between them when the films begins as the friends in “Set It Off,� but by the ending of both films, all women are willing to die for the loyalty of their sisterhood, rather than return to the patriarchal normative society they all came from and struggled to get out of. The character of the white male cop is in both films, somewhat sympathetic to the women’s situation. I think the cops play a role symbolic to the possibility that white supremacist patriarchal society would have sympathy for the women and that the women could return to that normative society. Although on the outside this seems like a nice thing, it only illustrates that the women are surrounded by white supremacist patriarchal society, because they are either being oppressed by it, trying to run away from it, being threatened by it (as represented by the government) or being shown a little sympathy by it (as represented by the cop). Anyway you slice it, they couldn’t get away from it. That brings me to the similar endings. Although all but one woman dies in “Set It Off,� the surviving woman drives through the countryside, close to a cliff, with wide long shots of the sky, the road, and her driving in an open-top car. In “Thelma and Louise� it is the same long, landscaped shot with the sky and the women driving in an open-top car. The cars may symbolize their mobility and access to freedom, but both ends are bittersweet because of the deaths. I find it very interesting that both films have a character that is the handsome man that shows one character, previously sexually oppressed and abused, her capacity for enjoyable sexual experiences. My reaction to this concept is negative, because either by abusing or seducing, the man is showing the woman her sexuality and thus controlling it to a certain extent.

Race and Gender

The role that race and gender play in both "Thelma and Louise" and "Set It Off" is important. "T&I" features attractive, white women and was directed by a white male (Ridley Scott). "Set It Off" features an attractive cast of black women and was directed by a black male (F. Gary Gray). The way in which both auteurs weave their stories based upon the race and gender of their protagonists creates dynamic differences, especially in regard to the films' endings.
"T&L"'s final shot is a freeze-frame of the two women going over the cliff, as the music reaches a crescendo. Their car, framed by the blue sky above it, can be seen as angelic, a mode of freedom. We never see the crash of the car, the bloody wreckage, etc. The emphasis is not on the fact that they're going to their death, but rather that both women are finally free, a situation they came to together. This positive message of hope. It's a safe ending, fitting a very traditional, patriarchal mode.
In contrast, the ending of "Set It Off" is violent, often operatic in scale. Slow-motion shots of bodies being pumped full of bullets are frequent. We watch as our protagonists are slowly gunned down by dozens of masked (and typically white) police. Was directory Gray feeding into our notion of the need to associate black people with violence and savagery? If so, it's very similar to what Kimberly Springer says, “African Americans are thought to be always already violent due to their ‘savage’ ancestry� (174). Whereas 'T&I' offers cathartic release through hope for our white female protagonists, 'Set It Off' offers catharsis through violence against the black women, almost exclusively by white men.

Sisterhood As a Means

In both the films “Set It Off� and “Thelma and Louise� there are distinct codes of sisterhood and loyalty, which are established for many reasons beyond the plot of the movie. In “Thelma and Louise� it is to lend support for the confined world of male patriarchy that the two women live in—especially Thelma. In “Set it Off� the women support one another as each experiences their own tragedy (except Cleo) in which male oppression dictates via the system. It is not only an issue of gender, but also one of belonging to a minority race group and to the lower class. However, despite these differences of status, as the plots progress the women’s sisterhoods in both films become amplified as a result of their outlaw status. In both situations we are shown scenes where one of the women in the group thinks of leaving, but in the end loyalty to the group beats all. Moreover, these relationships are what allow them (if only temporarily) to succeed; they also reveal characters the audience can sympathize with. For example, Cleo endears herself to the audience through her humor, but more ultimately in her loyalty to Stony and Frankie when she tells them to get out of the car and run to freedom while she heads toward certain death. In “Thelma and Louise,� humor is also used as a device to endear us toward the outlaw behavior, but it is their dedication to one another against all hardship that makes us respect them. Stony says, “Do you feel free? Cuz I don’t, I feel very much caged.� This one line encapsulates the caged existence that all of these women are forced into because of their “inferiority� in a system of male patriarchal superiority. This situation then is what deems their “outlaw� behavior necessary and acceptable. For, within this system, they could never achieve freedom. Just as without their sisterhood they would not have the means to fight for the ends they long for. (It is obviously debatable that in reality women should use sisterhood to advance themselves without breaking the law, however within the plots of these films the women were given no other choice).

White Cops

Both "Set it Off" and "Thelma and Louise" portray the nice white male cop who just wants to help some poor innocent ladies that have more problems than they can handle. However, there are definite differences concerning race and class. While in the end of both films these cops seem to be knights in shinning armor to these women, the cop in "Set it Off" - Detective Strode- started out as a problem maker and not a problem solver. At least you could say he was for the women involved. Detective Strode caused many of the problems for the character Frankie. He made an unfair and racist assumption about Frankie being involved with the bank robbery just because she lived in the projects, she knew the robber, and she was black. Even as the film progressed, he didn’t change his mind about her and used this information to find the girls after they robbed a bank. In “Thelma and Louise� we see the white male cop worrying about the girls from the very beginning. Is this because they are white middle class? Thelma is a “nice sweet housewife� and Louise is an older white woman. Is this the reason for special treatment from the law? Louise murdered a man and no one was murdered in “Set it Off� until much later in the film. The crimes presented in these movies are vastly different, yet the punishments don’t seem to fit. After viewing both of these movies, you can’t help but feel that there is something unfair going on and it seems linked to race and class. What they have in common though is just as unfair. Each of these films presented to us have some very strong female characters. Yet, somehow by the end of the films the white male cops seem to be the heroes. This is a gender inequality and is probably in place to make male viewers feel “more safe�. How would these films be different if the main cop involved was a women?

Sisterhood and the Status of the Outlaw

I believe the only feminist aspect of "Thelma and Louise" and "Set it Off" was the strong sisterhood it portrayed. All of the women in both films felt a strong sense of loyalty to each other. This loyalty controlled the narratives, as Louise would never have murdered the man outside the bar, and the women in "Set it Off" wouldn't have been able to rob a bank without cooperation of all four of them (nor would they have the motive to). The sisterhood unites them as women against patriarchy, visible in the way Stony and Louise denied their lovers, and in the blatant disregard showed for the white male cop in each film.
I was disappointed, however, in the way "Thelma and Louise" and "Set it Off" justified the status of the outlaw. Crime is the only solution the films offer to problems like rape and poverty. There is no chance for the women to


show strength outside of violence and robbery. And even worse, we as spectators are expected to laugh as this happens (when Thelma and Louise make the police officer cry/ when T.T. hams it up in the bank). These situations may make for more entertaining movies, but I just think that alternative solutions should have at least been mentioned.

Bad ass sisterhood, gone too far?

Set it Off has a much more urban setting then that of Thelma and Louise. This is dictated by the fact that they are lower class black women. Most of the movie took place in a "ghetto" city setting that is stereotypical setting for black oppressed people. Thelma and Louise were also lower/ working class but there was no "ghetto" to speak of because they were white women. Obviously a testament to how race is portrayed in the media.

In both movies, sisterhood in established by agreeing upon their oppression. Once they all accept it in both movies the ladies decided to get there justice by whatever means necessary. Race, sexuality and gender didn't so much play into the sisterhood establishment however that fact that all characters (both movies) need money is a key factor in their alliance.

It is important to note that all characters are coming together to rage against the system. Each movie contains personal revolutions for the ladies as they realize or even just fully accept that the America they live in is not a place of equality and freedom. Is it perhaps fair to say that they took it too far? I would argue it is certainly a valid argument but that I personally don't see it as such. I am surprised that being a GWSS major hasn't driven me to a life of crime! Something tangible that I can hold in my hands and know that I took my piece of the pie because they wont give it. I am being somewhat sarcastically obviously but seeing injustice makes me want to throw in my civilian flag and just let loose! Because what is the point of listening to lies?

Landscapes and Ending in "Thelma and Louise" and "Set it Off"

Both films tell the stories of ordinary women whose circumstances force them to kill and steal. Two differences are the landscapes and the endings.

“Thelma and Louise� takes place in Oklahoma; “Set it Off� in L.A. The landscape in “Thelma and Louise� consists of big, open spaces, which some feel represent freedom. For Thelma and Louise, though, it more accurately shows that they have no where to go for help. Conversely, the women of “Set it Off� live in the city, which represents how trapped and oppressed these women are. Theoretically they have plenty of people around to help them; the problem is that no one wants to.

Both locations are stereotypical for showing someone’s class: poor black women are found in the city, poor white women in the middle of nowhere. However, while both sets of women are definitely on the lower half of the income scale, Thelma and Louise are definitely much better off than Stony, Frankie, Cleo, and T.T. are. When they need money, Louise gets Jimmy to bring her the $6,000 she has saved up. No one in Stony’s group has access to $6,000. If they had, perhaps they wouldn’t have ended up where they did.

The endings are where the films are both the most similar and different. In “Thelma and Louise,� both women die, but they do so peacefully: they drive off a cliff, and viewers don’t actually see them die. In “Set if Off,� three of the four characters die, and viewers see each death. This scene definitely contributes to the stereotype that black women are more prone to violence.

Some see Cleo’s extremely violent death as a negative critique of homosexuality. I would argue, however, that she is the only one who goes out with class. Her death most closely matches those of Thelma and Louise because she goes down fighting, her head held high. T.T., on the other hand, is accidentally killed while she is trying to surrender, and Frankie is killed when she is trying to flee. Cleo is the only one who could be viewed as dying with honor.

Set It Off

The films Thelma and Louise and Set It Off can be heavily compared and contrasted - their similarities are many, but their differences equally as diverse. They are both road movies, true, as well as being adventure films and a female infusion into the 'buddy movie' genre. At the same time, they fulfill these roles very differently.

To me, the main difference between the two films lies in the way that they are racialized. In Thelma and Louise, the adventure that is played out is distinctly white, in many ways - the rebellious waitress and housewife, throwing caution (and the safety) of their existences to the wind. In their case, they have the ability and the choice to make the decisions they make throughout the course of the film because of race, class and economic factors that give them access to things that the four women of Set It Off do not have. It could be argued that, in the binary created by comparing the two films, Thelma and Louise have relative financial security because of their race. Though Louise works as a waitress, it is established in the film that she has considerable savings; Thelma seems to have an untroubled relationship with money and goods, presumably because it is her husband who works outside of the home and not she. Thelma and Louise are first brought to their adventure because they want to take a break from their everyday existences; it all begins because they are taking a vacation together. There is never any point where they are trying to escape their economic or racial circuit. They are performing whitewashed Hollywood norms throughout Set It Off are performing the Hollywood black norms.

In Set It Off, the women are brought to their adventure because of utter desperation. Nearly all of them, with the exception of Cleo, suffers a terrible tragedy that leads to their committing the crime. (It could also be argued that Cleo's tragedy is that she is queer, that this is ultimately what defines her personality as well as destiny, causing her to die the way that she does.) It is not a whim that brings them to bank robbery, destruction and mayhem, but it is actual need. Their motive is deeply rooted within their blackness and their class status, as is seen with the behavior of the women as they begin to invite violence and mayhem into their lives. They take to it more easily, more quickly than Thelma or Louise, though they too become comfortable with their violence and law-breaking. The movie seems to suggest that the events of the film is strictly connected to matters of race rather than anything else.

Sisterhood and Loyalty

Sisterhood and loyalty are very important aspects of both “Thelma and Louise� and “Set it off.� In both films it is the women who keep each other running and they don’t let each other give up. In “Thelma and Louise,� both women have lives and men to go home to, but they choose to stick together and run away to Mexico. The reason they get into the whole mess is because Louise shoots the man that attempts to rape Thelma, standing up for her friend. As the two of them commit more crimes and get into more trouble, they still support one another. In “Set it off,� the four women also have a loyalty between them. They feel they need to help each other and protect one another. When Frankie loses her job at the bank, the other three get her a job. They all decide to keep robbing banks to get money for T.T. to get her son back. One very good example of sisterhood in the film is after their first robbery. Although T.T. chickened out and didn’t participate, they still gave her a cut of the money. Also, at the end of the film there are a lot of examples of this. First, Stony doesn’t even want to participate in the last robbery, but because of the

loyalty that she feels to her friends, she decides to go through with it. Also, the women do not leave T.T. to die alone in the bank when she is shot. Then, Cleo continues the chase with the police, letting Frankie and Stony have a chance to get away.
There are many more examples in both films of sisterhood, loyalty and family. These were very important concepts for understanding the women in both films.

October 13, 2008

the justification of outlaw status and violence coded by race and gender

To start with these movies may be viewed as feminist mainly because of the women within them returning the violence inflicted upon them by the Patriarchal order of our society. This violence is both intentional and unintentional, racially based and misogynistic at the same time, and the all six of the characters in general are said to have been pushed to the point where they had no other choice but to return it in order to find some semblance f a tolerable life outside of the “comfort� of the life they were expelled from by these actions. But as feminism goes I feel that both of these films just showing the failed attempts of women to mimic male power through masculinized violence. Thelma hears from JD and then mimics word for word his robbery scene, The final scene with the trucker is just retributional for his and the other mens constant objectification of them. In Set It Off the girls would never have considered robbing the bank if Vivica A fox's character hadn't witnessed and been subsequently fired, the bank robbery by violent desperate men.

I also want to address the character played by Queen Latifah, as a lesbian she was supposed to reject the absolutist rejection of masculine power, but she just served to embody it. It seemed as though her character had no purpose except to exacerbate the plot to the point of breaking, in a very overly violent and hypermasculine way, which was very uncharacteristic of the other three girls, who sought only an escape instead of greed. This seems to allude that they want us to view lesbians as just women attempting to be men... How is that feminist. Nto to mention the fact that her character objectified her girlfriend alomstmore then any male character did of women in the film.
While I do think that these movies are feminist oriented, at least in the bonding of women against male patriarchy and its corresponding violence and classist discrimination, I think that there is a very masculine and patriarchal hint to the actions and justifications for some of the characters of these films

Endings Similar and Different

In the movies "Thelma and Louise" and "Set It Off" the endings similar and different at the same time. Situations that seemed to be the same with the endings were for example that each women seem to choose their way to their end. Thelma and Louise choose to drive off the cliff instead of turning themselves in. Cleo in "Set It Off" choose to let the other girls go while she drove the car and than chooses to not give herself up and there for being shot by the police. Than looking at the fact did they were have a choice because they would of all been put in jail for a really long time and is that really living? So than both movies make it seem that this is the only choices they have is to choose death. Differences with the endings of the movies were with "Set it Off" there was so much more violence than "Thelma and Louise" had. Another difference is in "Thelma and Louise" they decide to die together and in "Set It Off" that is not how it is played out the girls don't die altogether. I thought it was interesting to look at how Cleo was killed in "Set It Off" she was the only queer character that was actually public with her sexuality and she was the one that was killed in the most violence scenes in both movies. Thelma and Louise being so close could of been queer but because they were pretty white girls it wasn't played like that and Cleo was a big manly looking black women. Its just curious to think about.

Enough Pigeon Holing: The Outlaws Had a Choice

In "Thelma and Louise" the duo's outlaw status is justified through the perception that Louise's primary action of shooting the 'would-be-rapist' was in defense of Thelma and that every law the pair broke following the shooting was forced upon them (the innocent victims of white capitalist male patriarchy that they are). In "Set it Off", even the title points to the way the four's outlaw actions are justified in that if their primary action of robbing the first bank is justifiable, then their following actions are justified in that the first bank robbery 'set off' a chain reaction they couldn't help but follow. The problem with both these systems of logic is that they can only operate in conditions where women are (in the case of "Thelma and Louise") too stupid to take turns and drive straight through to Mexico, or (in the case of "Set it Off') too stubborn to realize they could easily make money under the table by being sneaky and dealing pot, or something to that effect (and no I don't mean becoming entangled in a drug game with heroin and coke with a side of extortion, although that would fall under the usual plot "go to" example).

Also these two movies would not work if the women knew how to save money (think of cleo's needlessly pimped out ride, and Thelma and Louise's road trip expenditures including motels, food and liquor). My problem with these movies is that they are filled with absolutist logic. Stoney should be able to pick the guy w/out losing. Anyway while the 'knight in shining armor' motif is unrealistic, I'm not convinced either JD or 'Stoney's man' were really interested in buying sex. JD actually did the opposite of pay for sex (so it was negative sex extortion? wow) and only because Thelma was necessarily naive and stupid. Also, I'm not convinced that Stoney rejected her 'prince' for her friends simply because she didn't want to be a whore. Even if the guy had been penniless, she wouldn't have stayed with him. If he hadn't any money she still would have left, because otherwise the ending would have been ruined. So really the movie is making us prejudiced against this otherwise decent human being in order to promote the idea that being with a man can only equal subjugation. Oh AND it is definitely possible to be well educated AND penniless (no character change, just money change: she still had to dump him). Its pretty clear that Stoney's decision had nothing to w/his class or wealth, but was necessary to propel the movie to its bloody and nihilistic end These movies piss me off, because their plots are shitty, relying on 'movie-logic' and extremely dull and overly impulsive female characters. The whole premise is based on the idea that feminism can only be acheived through suicide, since in life the 'male capitalist white patriarchy' is inescapable. I'm not sorry for the 'victims', only sorry they don't realize they could just all live in one really cheap apartment until they saved enough money to get a slightly better apartment, then on to a house, then a commune in the middle of the desert and never have to be subjugated by themselves OOPS I mean the 'male capitalist white patriarchy' ever, ever again. I mean, step one, don't surround yourself with douchebags, second sell weed or join a 'petty crime' club to make money on the side (and no, they don't get caught unless they refer to the 'movie logic' they love so well). Its interesting to compare the Cleo's actions to Thelma and Louise's actions in respect to homosexuality. Because in "Set it Off" it seemed to me that the most over the top idiot moves were done by Cleo (aka wasting money on car accessories and being overly into robbing the banks for the sake of accumulating material possessions to show off with), while in "Thelma and Louise" the pair made equally ridiculous choices (aka letting a stranger sleep with you and steal your money, and buying random crap like tiny bottles of rum at the convenience store) but not with the context of homosexuality. It was interesting because it seemed that "Thelma and Louise" shows that sexuality has nothing to do with stupid decisions, but since "Set it Off" wants to have a more interesting plot, they tried to tie queerness into stupid decisions to add the plot depth (it didn't work). Basically, the women were not forced to break the law, but their characters were set up so that they would not recognize that there were other options for them that would have allowed them to escape the police and be independent. I like to call this "forced to make choices because one is too stupid to use logic to make the best of a situation". I think this movie has as much to do with 'intelligence-ism' as it does with feminism. These movies deal with the plight of those people with average intelligence and less education (this includes most of the population, and no I'm not implying I know better--but I hope I do).

I think that violence is coded by gender in that both movies the "outlaws" were a group of girls or friends that have known eachother for some time. In Thelma and Louise there was sexual violence with rape where Thelma was almost raped and in Set it Off, although there was no rape it was unwated sex for money, very degrading, given she had to do it. I dont think that race was a factor in Thelma and Louise but they used sexualty as a systematic violence in that how could two women kill a man. In Set it Off race was a group of four black women who live in poverty and experience tragedy everyday and subjective to racial comments (losing jobs) and they needed a way to live and by that robbing banks. Some of which was personal vendetta other of which was to achieve higher class standard and to escape the typical black women struggling, and being a provider to their child. Sisterhood and loyalty was established truely when Louise shot Harlan, Thelma although wanted to go to the cops, Louise refused but instead of Thelma turning her back she followed Louise and stood by her through ther journey.

Set if Off had sisterhood in that they were always there for eachother when something bad happened to each individual, and they agreed to rob the banks together as a family. Loyalty stood out when they all could of went their separate ways to escape being caught but they fought through it and they decided their own fate.

Thelma & Louise - Set It Off

Thelma and Louise and Set It Off are two different films in regards to their cultures and settings, but they both represent great examples of sisterhood and loyalty. And through these examples, their fates (ending) are very similiar and understandable.

How are sisterhood and loyalty established?

I believe that before each of these movies started, sisterhood and loyalty were already established with all of these women. You could just sense through how they talked to each other that they were very close. In Thelma & Louise it was apparent from the start of the film that these two women were best of friends and they would do anything for each other. Whether it was dealing with one's husband/boyfriend, or just being there to talk, these two women had great chemistry (kudos to Geena Davis and Susan Surandon). In Set It Off, the relationships between all four women are the same. Even though at times many of the women get upset or angry with T.T., they always recognize that she is one of their girls and she will always be one until the end. This question could be changed to how are sisterhood and loyalty confirmed in the two films. That question is saying that these women already had this special bond and through different acts, it was confirmed. In Thelma and Louise, their already special bond was confirmed when Thelma, after being beaten up and almost raped, told Louise that she wanted to go with her on her journey to escape what had happened instead of going home and recovering from her traumatic experience. She wanted to stay by her friends side. Towards the end of Set If Off there is a very similar situation that comes up. After all their money is stolen and there is a murder, the women need to go on one last bank robbery before they all go there separate ways. Stony no longer needs the money or wants this lifestyle. Whether she wants to stay with her new boyfriend or not, he has given her a new outlook on life and she really wants nothing to do with robbing banks. But even though this is the case, she understands how much she means to her friends (sisters) and she goes along with the final robbery anyways to prove her loyalty to the group.

How are the endings similar and different?

I see more similarities than differences. The only real difference to me between the two endings is how much more violent Set It Off is compared to Thelma & Louise. In Thelma & Louise we just see them drive off with no crash or explosion. Set If Off on the other hand has bloody in your face shootouts that end in gruesome deaths. Besides the obvious similarities (car chase, surrounded by tons of cops, helicopters etc.), I think the most fitting similarity is how both movies end with theme of all of these women leaving a world where they were treated unfairly and never given a chance to succeed in. Instead of continuing to suffer they chose sisterhood over anything else and because of that choice they were only given one way out. I truly believe that all of these women deep down knew that their way of leaving everything behind was the best possible outcome for them and everyone in their lives. Their stories will go on to tell the tale of their struggles. Hopefully that in turn will have people looking at things differently and also reevaluating their lives.

How does the role of the white cop function in the narrative?

Both of these movies portray the white cop as the cause of oppression. He represents all that acts against the women in the two films. When we first see him in “Set It Off� he is accusatory, oppressive, and unjust after the bank robbery in the opening scene. Through his unfair methods of investigation (staking out the women against his supervisor’s warnings), we see him put together the pieces of the puzzle that will eventually tear the women down.

In “Thelma and Louise� the white cop is more sympathetic, even siding with the two women throughout the film, but still serves as oppressor simply by duty. His desire to help the women is what eventually drives them over the edge (literally). We see him in the beginning outside the bar where the shooting took place as an intelligent figure of justice because he quickly puts together the information that will solve the crime. Later we see his relentless pursuit as an attempt to save them from their unfortunate situation even though he is really threatening their escape from the male dominated culture they are oppressed by.

It is important to the narrative that we see the women being pursued by the male authority and power figure because he represents the things in society that have caused these women to act. Even though the majority of problems caused by male domination are not represented by the cops (they are represented by the male bank robbers, child-like husband, and other males in the films) it is seen that even with the best of intentions that men are the source of oppression.

Freedom, the road and endings

I choose to discuss the role of the road and also how the endings are similar and different. In both films the main characters want to get away because of their circumstances. Thelma and Louis want freedom from their monotonous lives at home. Thelma and Louis were oppressed by sexism and classism, while the women in “Set it off� were oppressed by racism as well. Characters like Cleo want freedom with money; she does not have the desire to leave her home like Stoney. The majority of “Set it off� takes place in the city. The road to Thelma and Louise represents freedom. When the characters in “Set it off� are on the road they are usually being chased by police in the confined landscapes of the city. The characters all experience freedom in their escapes and crimes. They do not portray the classical female characters. They drink, and in “Set it Off� we frequently see them smoking pot. At the end, there is an exciting car chase with the police close behind, and most of the characters die. Thelma and Louise however, do not get shot like the others. They choose to drive over the cliff into an open landscape.

Stoney is the only one who gets away and we see her driving up a mountain looking over the ocean, representing freedom. The deaths of the women in “Set it Off� were excessively violent; especially Cleo and this makes one question homophobia and how her “unwillingness to give up those things that, presumably, make her violent foreshadows her demise…� (Springer, 187). However, both endings show how the women are unwilling to let the unfair legal systems and all systems in our country make their choices for them, even if they have to die.

Justification of the Status of Outlaw which Leads to each Ending

In the films “Set it Off� and “Thelma and Louise� there are clear justifications for the actions that lead to their outlaw statuses. These justifications are both derived from social systems that render them powerless. But these justifications are clearly different in both films. In “Thelma and Louise� the social systems at work include sexuality, class, and gender. Sexuality and gender are emphasized more in the film as the attempted rape of Thelma and the murder of the perpetrator sets off their journey into an outlaw world. The film portrays the white women as helpless in a situation where the judiciary system will not be friendly to murderers of a white male when there is no hard evidence of the rape. Their battle is fought on the grounds of sexism in the court system and their only way to freedom is to run. Of course, I must mention that the director of the film is a white male, Ridley Scott. bell hooks would conclude that because the director is a white male he has no obligation to depict the oppressions of race in his film. “When white males make films with all white subjects or with people of color, their ‘right’ to do so is not questioned� (artistic integrity 69). She would also say that he may have gone out on a whim to make a feminist film that created two female characters that kept the movie going. The movie though is based mostly on the aspects of white feminism. If the director had chosen to portray these women as black women the story would have created a more complex justification for the outlaw status. Thus, this may be the real difference between the two films.

“Set if Off� was directed by F. Gary Gray, a black male. In contrast to “Thelma and Louise,� the four black women are victims to the systems at hand that oppress their social group. They are justified in their actions because of the social position they are born into. Because F. Gary Gray is a black filmmaker he “globally start[s] from the standpoint of resistance� and “feel[s] compelled to assume responsibility for producing resisting images� (hooks 71) He portrays the life of a black woman in a world dominated by white supremacy. The women are marginalized and this is their justification for robbing banks. They are not only marginalized because of their race but also their class and gender. They all work for a janitorial company cleaning rich white people’s homes and offices and are still poor and live in the projects. Titi’s child is taken away because of her inability to pay child care and how she is forced to take her child to work where he accidentally poisons himself. Stony is forced to sleep with a man to get money to send her brother to college who is shot shortly after and killed. All of these images are included to “talk back� to white supremacy. The ends of the movie also differ, although they are very similar.
In both the films the women do not give up. They do no cease to think that they are justified in their actions. But the way in which each film portrays this creates the difference. “Thelma and Louise� ends in a way that leaves the audience with a feelings of peace and a “you go, girl!� type of attitude. The women drive their car off of a cliff and the film ends with the car in midair as the women smile and hold each other’s hand. The ending is not violent even though they have just committed suicide. The complete opposite is viewed in the ending of “Set it Off.� Each girl’s death is very brutal, besides Stony’s. The women are brutally shot several times and their deaths are violent for the audience to watch. I believe that Stony is the only one to survive because she “aspires to be more than a ‘hood rat’� as Kimberly Springer put it in her essay “Waiting to Set it Off�. Springer also questions if Titi dies first because she is a black single mother, if Cleo’s butch lesbian sexuality which can be thought of as the black male perspective is the reason for her death being the most violent and the notions of guilty by association in racist culture which is portrayed in Frankie’s opening scenes. The audience is left with a very real feeling of injustice.

Intersections of Race and Class

The questions of sisterhood between the women of these films and the role of the white cop are explored in similar ways- and yet the differences highlight the intersections of class, race and the position of the spectator very differently. Generally the story unfolds as the women band together, and their crimes serve to pull them closer demanding higher levels of trust, involvement and loyalty. Both films also highlight the choice of sisterhood over heterosexual relationships. In the end of both films the patriarchal, white state (as is exemplified by a sympathetic white cop) is "unable to save" them as his chase is the largest contributor to their demise. In both cases the cop has nothing but confinement to offer the women- providing no real options for them to return to, and thus the women chose to run until they die (stoney as the exception -but we'll return to that).

Significantly in 'Set it Off' however the white male cop (again signifier of the state) is shown as having actively and violently pushed these women to the point of desperation. This significant difference highlights the intersections of class and race in the film. It also mirrors black feminist critiques of white feminism as often ignoring how the white supremist state inflicts damage on the bodies and lives of black women in a way that is not similarly repeated for most white women. Thelma and Louis are emblematic of this separation between the state and their bodies as they have the option to go off a bridge dying at the hands of their own control, whereas the women of 'Set it off' are all killed by white figures of authority, expect Stoney who must cross the border to Mexico (leaving the United States) to experience any true freedom.

The specifics of how the relative importance of sisterhood is shaped differently in these two films is important as it demonstrates a great deal about the intersections of race and class and the geographical differences that these stories present. Thelma and Louis are both situated in heterosexual relationships as their primary source of stability before they commit their crime. The women of “Set it Off� importantly are not situated in a similar set up. And though it'd be inaccurate to say that the women of “Set it Off� had fully established dependency before their crimes- the intersections of poverty and the legacy of racial relations and racism in the US manifested by things such as the housing projects, articulate a different logic for their first crime. The racism and exclusion the women experience, enhanced their levels of loyalty in a way that was not similarly developed in “Thelma and Louis�

"Set It Off" & "Thelma and Louise"

In the films “Thelma and Louise,� and “Set It Off,� outlaw status is justified by being on the run. In both films, the women are running from the law. On the other hand, you can see they are not only running from the law, but they are running from the lives they lead. There are differences in the lives they lead, including having a man in their lives, or not, as well as the crimes they commit. The outlaw status Thelma and Louise portray, is that of murders, whereas the women in “Set It Off,� are portrayed as bank robbers. In both films they are running, but not necessarily from the same crimes.
The ending of the films are both similar and different. In “Thelma and Louise,� the women decide to drive off the cliff when they police have caught up with them and choose to die rather than go to jail. In “Set It Off,� the women have similar priorities, when they try to run from the authorities. The difference, is they didn’t stick together like Thelma and Louise did until the end. They women in “Set It Off,� split up and went their own ways to avoid being caught. In the end, one was killed, one got away, and the others were caught. They did not stick together the way Thelma and Louise did.

Thelma and Louise & Set it Off

Although very different these two films these two films have a lot in common. They both demonstrate the importance of sisterhood and how strong the bond between the women truly is. Throughout the films the women experience difficult and even traumatic events. However, instead of tearing the women apart the stregth of the sisterhood they have holds them together. In Thelma and Louise the two women start off their adventure in a harmless fun loving attitude that quickly leads to murder and then a series of less significant crimes before finally taking their own lives. In set it off the women start off not hurting anyone and then turn violent. Another difference in the films is how the women are killed. In Thelma and Louise the women are killed in a seemingly beautiful manner, and in Set it Off the women go out in a very violent fire fight with the police. Perhaps this was done becuase the women were minorities from the "hood" and not white women as they were in Thelma and Louise. Set it Off also had a queer aspect and the queer character just happened to be killed in the most violent manner.

Landscapes

How are the landscapes different?

There are many different aspects of Thelma and Louise and Set It Off that are very different.

Thelma and Louise are two white women who live in the suburbs and take a vacation away from their life. Their vacation turns into the adventure that leads to both their deaths, and both their freedoms. Thelma gets a little crazy, gets attacked by a man and Louise ends up killing him. That sets these two women off on a crime and killing spree that both liberates them and kills them. They were already best friends and this trip just strengthens that bond of sisterhood they already shared. They didn't always talk about the crimes before they committed them and they weren't both always on the same page, but in the end, they stuck together anyways. Louise thought about things a little more thouroughly than Thelma and they didn't cover their tracks very well when their crimes were committed.
The movie doesn't show a lot of blood or violence, it shows the women joking about the murders and crimes and them singing in their getaway car, which is always the same vehicle. They weren't cautious or careful, they knew they were getting caught, they drove around Texas instead of driving through it to get to Mexico. They spoke to the cops, they let them know what they were doing, and that they were ok, and that they weren't planning on stopping their crime spree. They made it so blatantly obvious that they were the criminals, it was almost impossible to escape, and in the end, escape meant death.

Set it off, however, was much different. It involved four black women who lived on the edge of poverty all the time, being fired and given minimum wage because of their race. This movie was violent, bloody and planned out. All of the robberies were in sync, all the women knew about them and they all had a role, a job, and a plan. The movie was serious, funny at times, but the reasons for the robberies were a matter of survival. They wanted to be free from their current life, they wanted to move on to bigger and better things and the only way they knew how, was to rob banks. They hid their faces when they went into a bank, they denied any involvement when the police talked to them, they got away countless times and every time they had a different vehicle and a different plan. They hit the big banks, they got the money and they got out. They grew together, and fell apart once, but the sisterhood and the tight bond of friendship they shared was always held. They all didn't die together, but they all fought for what they wanted. Three of the women died at the hands of the cops chasing them, in a shoot out. They were not going to give up or give in, and they stuck together to the end. Stony, the woman who got away, changed her lifestyle and moved far away to start over with this new life that was only made possible by the help of her friends. The ladies in this movie were fighting for their freedom, but death was not freedom. Death was losing, and death meant their crimes were for nothing. They may have died fighting, but they still died. Stony made it out alive, but she wasn't the same without her friends. We dont' know what happened to Stony, but we do know that their bond of friendship did hold them together in the end, and through the tough times.

Sisterhood, Loyalty and Landscapes

How are sisterhood and loyalty established?
In the movie “Set It Off� sisterhood and loyalty were established when the women’s lives started collapsing. After their first robbery there was a scene with the women joined in sisterhood embracing each other in a pile of money. Loyalty was created as a result of their strong sisterhood and because of their collective decision to commit the crimes. In “Thelma and Louise� the sisterhood and loyalty was somewhat similar. Their sisterhood was apparent in the beginning of the movie but continued to get stronger as their criminal lives progress. The loyalty was established in the same way as “Set It Off.� Even though they had different opinions, each stuck by the other when the decision was made. Although similar, when looking at race and class these movies are very different. “Set It Off� was about lower class African American females that had stereotypically common problems associated with their race and class. Some examples include the mother that cannot pay for a babysitter, brutal

murders, etc. “Thelma and Louise� was the same way. Thelma’s abusive relationship and Louise’s greasy, idiot boyfriend are stereotypical stereotypical “white� middleclass problems. As far as sexuality, the movies differed in the way they were viewed. Cleo’s sexuality was tolerated but still frowned upon. It was also the source of a close break in loyalty and sisterhood between her and Stoney. Thelma’s sexuality was seen as an act of stupidity and freedom also creating comedy.
How are the landscapes different?
The landscape in “Set It Off� took place in a city. The director made the projects that the women lived in clear to the viewer’s eye. These women were obviously living in a run down area where the viewer can imagine a murder or drug deal being made. In many cases, the viewer only has the images of other movies like this one for their idea of “the projects.� “Set It Off� landscapes looked just like every other movie with lower class African Americans. Race and class were clear because of the rough landscapes shown. The musical director matched the music that was almost always rap with the landscape. In “Thelma and Louise� the landscape was changing because they were on a road trip, but there was rarely, if ever, a sign of cultural diversity or a landscape like the one from “Set It Off.� The landscapes throughout the film reinforced the clear race and class of the main actresses.

Comparison

The endings of the movies, Set it Up and Thelma and Louise, are very similar. Towards the end of both movies the girls are on the run from the law. The authorities refer to them as armed and very dangerous (which is not a common description of women). Among the authorities, in both movies, there is one cop who tries desperately to help the women and wants to see them receive as little punishment as possible.
The endings also have some differences. In Set It Up, there are four girls who live in the projects and make very little money (barely enough to get by). Some of the white authorities see them as bigger trouble and treat them differently because they are black. The class and race difference between the authorities and the girls is more apparent/ important in Set It Up than in Thelma and Louise. In the end of the movie the girls originally plan on no one getting hurt especially themselves, but the last job they pull is the start of them being killed. The first one who dies is caught off guard by a bank security guy, and two of the girls chose death over dealing with the authorities and paying for their crimes. One of the girls survives and escapes to Mexico. In Thelma and Louise,

there are only two women and their journey began with an act of self defence and ended with them being chased by the authorities. The girls choose, together, that they did not want to go to prison and they would rather die together at that very moment.
In Thelma and Louise, the girls show their loyalty to each other through their actions towards the male characters in the movie (standing up to a stranger in the parking lot and ignoring the husband). The bond is also seen in the willingness to run to Mexico with each other and leave everything else behind.
In Set It Up the girls’ bond/sisterhood is explained in a couple of different scenes, when the girls talk about growing up together and going through school together. This is the bond which is used to guilt Stoney into pulling the second robbery with the girls.

October 12, 2008

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How Is Outlaw Status Justified?
Both movies, "Set It Off" and "Thelma and Louise", justify criminals by showing how society and other uncontrollable forces funnel our characters into committing illegal actions. The audience feels sympathy for the main characters because they saw how the characters were cornered and how they had to resort to crime to break loose of their containment. In Thelma and Louise it was the near rape scene. Set It Off is a little bit different because it involves 4 "independent quests" of a group of friends that all decide that they will rob money once they have no where else to look for help. I think the Set It Off approached worked really well because we are able to see each unfortunate experience and it happens to us 4 times. By making us go through these unfortunate experiences 4 times, we even feel a rage toward authority and the system. This doesn't mean we don't feel sympathy for Thelma and Louise, but I feel a little less sympathetic toward Thelma and Louise. This also has to do with the fact that one of them were rapped and they talked about going to the authorities. Also, this might not be for everyone...

...but for me I can't help but to think that they are these ignorant country people that make awful decisions. I feel more sympathetic and trapped when I watched Set It Off. Let's take Vivica A. Fox's character for example. They way she lost her job and the way she treated was just unfathomable. It felt like a whole load was taken off when she put the cop in the situation she was in at the end and asked him the question.

How are the endings similar and different?
Obviously they are similar in the fact that many of the main characters died at the end. Different in the way they died and the fact that Jada Pinkett Smith's character got away. In both movies there is a sympathetic cop that tries to "help" the victims because he understands somethings the other cops do not. In both movies that cop is always a little too late. However in Set It Off, this cop shows a soft side as he lets Jada Pinkett Smith get away. Also in both movies they characters get into a final chase and showdown with the authorities. I don't think there are any shots in Thelma and Louise and they die together. In Set It Off we see 3 separate deaths. Aside from Jada Pinkett Smith's story, we see that the characters would rather choose death than to succumb to the world that put them in their unfortunate situations.

Thelma and Louise vs. Set it off

After watching these two films it was clear that they share a number of both similarities and differences. One major similarity would be that the core of these films was the bond between the ladies. These women commit illegal acts, which calls for the need for a loyalty and trust. In addition, Stoney and Louise both choose their own destiny rather then going back to their men. This shows the how loyal they both are to sisterhood. I agree with the blog entry called “ Sisterhood, Outlaw Status and Sexuality� which states that, “the friends in both films are connected by a common injustice- a lack of power and mistreatment in a white patriarchal society.� In “Set it off,� these women are all driven to rob banks for various reasons. In “Thelma and Louise� these women wanted to escape their pasts and the system. What they all shared was their desperation. The solution in both of these films is to get in a car and leave town. There is this whole idea of escaping a male dominated society. The women in both of these movies have situational differences for their actions; however, the women in both movies stand by and support each other through the good and the bad. They are loyal to each other and nothing can break their bond of sisterhood.

The endings also share a number of similarities and differences. In both of these films, the women do not go down without a fight. The women in both films also choose death over being caught. They are both escaping the law and are being chased by a large group of mostly male authority figures. However, in “Set it off� the death of the women are far more graphic and brutal then the deaths in “Thelma and Louise.� In “Set it off� the majority of the women are brutally gunned down, whereas in “Thelma and Louise� they drive off a cliff and you never actually see them physically die. Lastly, in both films, before the women die they all share a moment with each other where they display their true loyalty and their bond of sisterhood.

Sisterhood of the Traveling Crimes

Thelma and Louise and Set it Off both have the same sense of sisterhood and loyalty established in them. Both films lead to violence and crime but start from very different situations due to race and class. Both groups of women aren’t immediate family, but they care for each other that way. They also have created a situation to tie them together—being victims to an injustice. Thelma and Louise feel trapped by the patriarchal society and the men in their lives so they use their road trip as en escape from reality and a chance to let their hair down. However, instead of the fun, leisurely camping trip they had planned, they get thrown into a whirlwind of events including rape and theft. Thelma and Louise then have to connect and keep their bond of sisterhood stronger than ever to pull through. The women in Set it Off start their robbing banks profession through desperation. They are poor minorities who think that if they only had money, they could leave LA and find a better life elsewhere. Essentially they steal to gain justice from a “system that is just fucking them all anyways�.


Both groups of women have the same belief—that getting away and being on the road will give them freedom. All the women see the car as a phallic symbol representing access and the ability to move forward. It will be an escape from their lives and it will lead somewhere better. However, for the white women, the road proves to be a dangerous place, and Thelma and Louise find themselves in the company of men many times only to be either given money or fucked over once again. The injustices brought on in the movie by race are summed up in the ending scenes. Thelma and Louise drive their car off a cliff and the ending shot is the car diving into a limitless horizon which symbolizes that it’s not over, and they have a chance at life or even an after life. For the poor black women in Set if Off, their fate isn’t as optimistic. There are no sunsets in the distance for 3 of the 4 characters. Stoney is the only woman who wasn’t brutally killed and who now has a chance at a different life. Beretta E Smith-Shomode in her essay “Rock-a-Bye, Baby� states that Stoney “embodies the ethos of the American dream�. Factors that contribute to her survival may be due to her sexuality and the fact that had the potential to follow the social and cultural norms with a chance at a heterosexual relationship. (Alluding to Cleo’s gruesome death…due to sexuality?).

Set it Off

One of the main themes for both Thelma & Louise and Set it Off is violence. While these films share a common theme, the way in which they are coded be gender, race and status create completely different stories. In Set it Off the women are driven to violence because they are lower-class black women dreaming of getting out of their "hood rat" lifestyle. In Thelma & Louise the two main characters are white and already portrayed as middle-class. They start their violence as a reason to find their independence.
When the women in these films do commit crimes, the investigation process for each film is seen in two completely different lights. In Thelma & Louise the waitress at the bar is one of the main witnesses and tells the cops that there is no way the women could have committed murder, they just didn't have it in them. Right from the beginning they are presumed innocent. On the other hand in Set it Off the lead cop on the case has no concrete proof that Stony and the other women committed the crime but automatically assumes it is them. One can only assume that because these women are lower class, black women they are presumed guilty.

The endings of each of these films are at first seen as somewhat similar but by taking a deeper look you can also see the many differences. In both films the women have their violent streaks broken by being caught by the police and are given the choice to turn themselves in. By watching the films we see that both sets of women take option b, but the women in Set it Off don't really have a choice as T.T. gets shot before they have enough time to make a decision. The end result for a majority of the characters is death but the way these deaths are portrayed are extremely different.
In Thelma and Louise we see the death scene to be of both women smiling and soaring off a cliff in their car. They never truly show the women die and instead leave us almost with the vision of two white angels flying into the sunset. In Set it Off we have a completely different picture. Springer says it best when she says, "all the deaths contain brutality." T.T. and Frankie are both shot to death by the police and with T.T. the audience is forced to watch her suffer. To me what was most interesting is the only lesbian and the the woman portrayed as the biggest "hood rat", Cleo had the worst death. The only one to not die was Stony who was of lightest skin and portrayed to be of the highest class.
The very last shot of both films show Thelma, Louise, and Stony all driving off to what can only be thought of as their freedom, but with Stony she is stripped of everything she once loved. She drives off alone which was very symbolic to me. It shows just how many lower class African American women want their independence, and how many of these women in our nation are actually achieving this independence with out being held back by things they could only escape if they did something drastic like rob a bank.

Landscapes & Outlaws

Thelma & Louise and Set It Off are polar opposite when comparing the landscapes between the two. Thelma & Louise had a landscape of white middle-class suburbia. There is a scene where Louise is picking Thelma up from her home and in the background you see a little girl on her bicycle and her mother is walking with her. Throughout most of the film the landscape consists of the peaceful desert. They seem to have a feeling of oneness with the landscape. Many of the scenes were filmed at gas stations, truck stops and motels.

In Set It Off the landscape consists of the “projects� and low income living. Cleo lives in a garage and Stoney lives in a house in the “hood.� Another character in the film Dr. Dre lives in a locked down gun range with no windows. Drugs and gang life are depicted throughout the entire film. It was said many times throughout the film by all four of the women “We need to get out of here.� They wanted to escape the reality of their world and they knew there was something better out there for them.
I am not surprised at the differences in the two films. It just makes “sense� that the black women are from the “hood� and the white women are from middle class suburbia. If the roles were reversed and it was four black women from middle class America and two white women from the hood, no one would buy it. These roles have been ingrained in our society. Thelma and Louise were portrayed to be more feminine, innocent and naive (especially) Thelma. The women of Set It Off were shown to be more aggressive and masculine. There were only a few instances that I can recall in Set It Off where the women weren’t dressed as “tomboys� or in janitor uniforms. Thelma & Louise were also more passive and inexperienced when it came to sexuality. Where as in Set It Off the women were depicted as highly sexualized and aggressive (especially Cleo).
In Thelma and Louise the women felt that the police would not believe their story of Thelma almost being raped, by a man that she was dancing cheek to cheek with all night long, as the reasoning for Louise shooting and killing the perpetrator. This causes a downward spiral of events that digs Thelma & Louise deeper and deeper into being outlaws. They both felt like they had done too much damage in order to go back to the lives they once lived. In Set It Off the women felt that there was no way to get out of the “hood� unless they robbed banks. They knew that the money they made at their jobs was not enough to provide them with a better life. They felt that the money was theirs for the taking because it was wealthy people’s money they were taking and the money was insured, so they thought no big deal.

Race, Gender, and Violence in Thelma & Louise and Set it Off

The violence seen in both Thelma and Louise and Set it Off is for the majority very different. The most extreme difference would be how much violence is actually seen on scene. Set it Off has numerous scenes with gratuitous violence. A good example of this is the endings of each film. Thelma and Louise ends on a freeze frame rather than showing the cars decent to their death, while Set it Off’s ending is very graphic in the deaths of the three women. Also the women act very different when they are being violent. When Thelma robs the bank she is very calm, quick, and polite. While the women in Set it Off seem much more aggressive and more willing to shoot. It reinforces the idea that Kimberly Springer makes in Waiting to Set It Off, when she said, “African Americans are thought to be always already violent due to their ‘savage’ ancestry� (174). When comparing these two films they seem to support this idea. The violent caused by the white women is much less aggressive/violent than those of the African American women in Set it Off. This is continuously seen when looking at the violent scenes within the two films.

However there are similarities when looking at who and where the violence comes from as well as why. In both films the unnecessary violence comes from males. It is the males who sexually assault and the males who seem to do it out of entertainment rather than out of necessity. Also in both films the violence of the women is only the women who are mimicking the men. Thelma is taught by J.D how to rob the bank, and it is the men at the beginning of Set it Off who rob the bank which gives the women the idea to start robbing banks.

In both these films sisterhood and loyalty is established through friends who are brought closer together through shared traumatic experiences. In Thelma and Louise it is the violence of men in both of their lives as well as their need to escape their murder. By the end of the film after everything they had been through together they are ready to take the next big adventure together, which is death. Set it Off’s ending is different in the sense that all the women die alone, yet it is their deaths and them separating that allows at least one, Stony, to escape and live a new life. Most of these shared traumatic experiences happened because of men or because of our patriarchal society. Also in both films there are women who do have men in their lives that they can choose to be with over their “sister�, and in both films these women choose their sisters.

Space and violence

Springer states that “in US cinema, the violence of Black women always seems a result of their being Black, while violence of white women is often celebrated as liberatory� (173). I think Set it Off both reinforces and challenges this idea. There is definitely diversity of characters and their comfort levels with violence (or threat of violence) as justifiable means, as opposed to “natural� quality. However, juxtaposing Thelma & Louise with Set it Off we can see how such claim could be interpreted. In Thelma & Louise violence starts as a response to violence, as self-defense. In Set it Off, some would argue, violence is chosen. Although the life situation is tough, robbing banks should never be a solution in the land of American Dream.

So while Thelma & Louise created a backlash from social conservatives because of challenges to patriarchy=law, Set it Off challenges not only gender, but also racial, economic, and sexual order.
Portrayal of space in both movies remains problematic. Thelma & Louise, set up as a typical road movie, is filled with shots of open spaces in the American West. While in some ways it can be interpreted as liberating from the gender constrains and signify mobility, it can also be seen as deeply racialized. Advancing West (or South in this case) has been romantic ideal for white Americans and violent and painful for the Native Americans. By now, the wide open landscapes of the West are symbolically inscribed as white – whether in the imagery of rural cowboys or white suburbias. On the contrary, Set if Off is set up in the urban setting of the LA. Smith-Shomade states that “women are street-smart and savvy, usurp the city space and hijack its alleged gendered certainty� (pg.34). At the same time it reinscribes racialized ideas of space in the US, where wealthy suburbia is white and inner city is Black, where misfortunes are expected and violence is “natural.�
Smith-Shomade also reminds that Black women are the largest growing prison population. I wonder if films like Set it Off help articulate structural critiques of racism and present economic system or are seen as merely differently gendered gangster movies which focus on individual characters and are fascinating for its narratives.

Reality?

One of the biggest differences I've noticed between "Thelma and Louise" and "Set It Off" is the sense of reality that the films portray. I see "Thelma and Louise" as a satire - lighthearted, silly, unrealistic - it left me with a sort of satisfied happy feeling at the end.
With "Set It Off," I became much more emotionally involved with the plot and the characters, and the ending left me teary eyed and upset. I think this is because the film is more serious and realistic. The four women have very real problems: they all have tough lives, they're broke, they're surrounded by violence, and feel stuck and fucked by the system. Their relationships with each other are also very real. They're going through hard times together - they love and support each other but we also see how money can tear their friendships apart; how you can replace money, but not friends.
In "Thelma and Louise," the two women are being oppressed by men. While an abusive marriage and rape are very serious and real issues, the ways Thelma and Louise get back at men and patriarchal society are comical: robbing a convenience store while being extremely polite, locking a cop in the trunk of his car and taking his sunglasses, all the while driving through a beautiful desert landscape in their convertible. They aren't committing these crimes to better their lives - they're doing it as payback.

Thelma and Louise vs. Set It Off

In Thelma and Louise and in Set It Off, when the audience joins the movie, the women are already good friends. In Thelma and Louise the two women talk on the phone and are planning a weekend away together. In Set It Off, Stoney, Cleo, Frankie, and T.T. grew up together and are able to understand one another’s problems (even though they are vastly different); they all wanted better lives for each other. In Thelma and Louise, loyalty is first established when Thelma chooses to “betray� her husband by leaving for the weekend with Thelma and not telling him. This shows the audience that Louise is much more important to Thelma than her husband is. Loyalty is again established when Louise kills Thelma’s near rapist. This shows the audience that Thelma is so important to Louise that she is willing to commit a capital offense for her.

In Set It Off, loyalty is first established between the women when they decide (not act) that they are going to rob a bank in order to get enough money for T.T. to keep her son. This shows the audience that T.T. (and her happiness) is so important to the rest of the women that they are going to commit a big crime for her. Loyalty is again established when Frankie decides to give T.T. her part of the “take�, even though T.T. did not help actually rob the bank. This shows the audience that while Frankie and T.T. may not appear to be the closest of friends, T.T. still means enough to Frankie that she is willing to give her something she did not “earn�. In both Thelma and Louise and in Set It Off the bonds of sisterhood and loyalty are strengthened and deepened by tragedy (rape, unjust firing, and “accidental� killing) and thus crime (murder, armed robbery, and bank heist).
In Thelma and Louise and in Set It Off, the audience is able to see the clear difference between the two landscapes of where the road is physically placed. In Thelma and Louise, the road is placed in a vast, beautiful landscape. In Set It Off, the road is placed in the middle of the city – the projects to be more specific. However, in both films the road symbolizes freedom and justice from a system that has and will continue to screw them over. In Thelma and Louise, the two women are able to access the road together, in Louise’s Thunderbird. And while they are able to access the road, Thelma and Louise have trouble staying on the road – police are constantly trying to bring them in. In Set If Off, the four women have a lot of trouble getting to the road. They either don’t have enough money or the police are literally in their way. Even though the road is represented physically different in the two films and it is accessed differently as well, it still does not change the symbolic meaning of the road that the two films share; the road equals freedom, peace, and hope.

Sisters to the End

Outlaw films put the viewer in a tricky position. Do you root for those who are breaking social norms (norms which we ourselves follow) or do you secretly want things to turn out the way society has told you they should? Most classic films in which the main characters are outside the law end with the outlaws eventually being "brought to justice" - usually through death. Thelma and Louise is an excellent example of this. Even though it is hailed as a "feminist take" on a typically male-dominated genre, it does not fully break the bonds of society in that Thelma and Louise must be brought to justice in order for the film to end properly. While this "justice" is quite touching - a kiss, "no regrets", etc. - it still falls into a stereotypical patriarchal ending (no pun intended). Set It Off, a similar movie in many respects to Thelma and Louise has a quite different ending in which one of the outlaws manages to escape to Mexico (incidentally, Mexico is where Thelma and Louise were headed before they were caught). In many respects this is much more subversive than Thelma and Louise’s ending could ever hope to be – she “got away�

with breaking the law. It is important to remember, however, that she was perhaps the most “normal� of the four women: she had a mostly stable heterosexual relationship, good family connections (until her brother was killed) and had some justification for her actions; the other four women died in similar ways to Thelma and Louise – choosing freedom over being captured (another feature of the Outlaw Film). Perhaps the fact that she got away was less subversive than initially portrayed.

Before their deaths, the women in both films were shown to have an intense loyalty and sisterhood. In Thelma and Louise, this sisterhood was established through Louise's defense of Thelma during her near-rape. A similar act of defense can be seen in Set It Off when TT defends Cleo against Luther. Loyalty in each film is also established in scenes in both films where one or more of the women feels the need to "make things right" for the other one, thereby taking the dominant position in the relationship. In Thelma and Louise this comes after their money has been stolen and Thelma robs a gas station for more money; in Set It Off, the women come together to help TT get her son back from Child Services. There are differences, however. In Set It Off, drugs are a means of bonding, whereas in Thelma and Louise, alcohol plays a smaller role. Also, in Set It Off, there is a lesbian character, adding perhaps a bit of tension that is never fully addressed in the film.

Both films present essentially the same quandary to their audiences: who do you root for?

Women Running for Freedom

In both of the films Thelma and Louise and Set it off, the women are finding ways to escape their life problems. Both are similar because they mainly have to do with male dominance issues. The women in these movies had to deal with male paranoia. The men are taken away by these women and constantly want to steal their freedom and courage. This brings the women “outlaws� closer and they form a special bond that eliminates the patriarchal society. These “outlaws� want to make their decisions based on their sufferings. In Thelma and Louise, Thelma has a horrible relationship and almost gets rapped and Louise struggles with her past of being raped. In Set it off, Frankie lost her job, Titi her son, and Stoney her brother. The movies are similar but race and class did not seem like a problem in Thelma and Louise like it did in Set it off. Either way women were not portrayed as important or taken seriously in either case. I find it interesting how both movies have a cop become their center point. Thelma and Louise had Hal, who tried to help them get out of more trouble than they already were in. Then in Set it off the detective is constantly trying to keep them alive. These movies needed them to let the viewers understand that it is not just a feminist film and not all men abuse the role of patriarchy.

October 11, 2008

Sisterhood of the Traveling Fugitives

There were many similarities between Thelma and Louise and Set it Off. The main similarity that I noticed in these films was the role of men. Men were portrayed as untrustworthy and dangerous. In Thelma and Louise, all of the male characters (with the exception of the heroic male cop) disappoint them or betray their trust in some way. The man at the bar tries to rape Thelma, J.D. takes their money, and the “kind� truck driver turns out to be a vulgar chauvinist. In Set it Off, Stoney is lied to by her own brother, sleeps with a wealthy man for money, watches both her brother and “sister� die at the hands of a man, and is ripped off by Luther. Both of these movies include scenes in which men are gathered around a surveillance video, watching women perform a criminal act that is typically carried out by men. It’s almost as if they’re waiting for them to mess up, or that they’re amused by these silly and naïve women who believe they can actually get away with armed robbery. Their crimes are almost viewed as excusable because they’re “just women.� After viewing the surveillance video in Set it Off, the police officer warns the bank employees, “Do not be misled by the fact that these robbers are female…they are armed and dangerous.� No one takes women seriously in either of these films, and as a result they end up serving more as a comedy than a drama/adventure. Both of these films also include a strong theme of sisterhood, and in the end all of the women choose their “sisters� over everything else. Unfortunately, most of them choose sisterhood over life, and both films end fatally. What sort of message does this send about femininity? Succumb to the power of men or die?

October 10, 2008

Outlaw Justification through the White Cop

The outlaw status and the white cop both really run hand-in-hand in these films. Both groups of ‘outlaws’ are really socially justified through the cop. As a viewer we can find our own ways to justify their crimes but for society’s purposes they are, and probably have to be, justified through the legal system-via white cop.
In Thelma and Louise, Hal is continually trying to bring the women in before they dig themselves deeper into trouble. In Set It Off, Detective Strode is constantly trying to keep the women from being shot, going so far as to put himself in danger of Frankie. A similarity that flows through each of these films is that the cop really illustrates the justification to the viewers. In T/ L, Hal reprimands to J.D. for stealing all of Thelma and Louise’s money causing them to need to rob a convenience store. Hal is then truly putting the blame on J.D. rather than the women. In S.I.O., Detective Strode is obviously guilt ridden for Stoney’s brother being shot while he was in charge, from there he goes to great lengths to try to make up for it/make things right, especially with Stoney, hence in the end he tries to keep the women from being killed and he let’s Stoney off.

The road to freedom?

In both films, the main female characters believe their freedom will come by fleeing or running away from their current life situations. The problems which initiated this need for freedom revolve around men and poverty. Instead of addressing these issues and finding solutions, the women have one focus, and that is to get out of town. These characters are willing to do whatever it takes to get them on the road, or keep them on the road to “freedom�. Thelma and Louise are restrained by the men in their lives. These women decide to take to the road, in order to restore their freedom. In the scene where Thelma is timidly asking her husband’s permission to leave, she never builds up the courage to confront him. Thelma and Louise think that escaping on the road will bring them to freedom, instead of confidently standing up to the controlling men in their lives. The women of “Set it Off� are all struggling to get by, with crummy jobs. They think freedom, especially Stony, will come from leaving L.A. In the scene where the women are on the roof, getting stoned, they make the decision to start robbing banks.

These characters are avoiding the real issues in their lives. Robbing banks is a quick-fix. Instead of getting high they could be working hard to find descent jobs, in order to support themselves. Even if robbing banks gets the women on the road and out of L.A., they will still be poor. If not poor, than fugitives. Being on the road is not solving anything for the women in both films; it is solely allowing them to avoid the struggles they are facing.

These two films have completely opposite landscapes. “Thelma and Louise� takes place in the desert, while “Set it Off� is shot in the city. The city, which spectators are exposed to, is not a pretty one. A majority of the scenes have polluted factories and rundown buildings lingering in the background. While in the desert of “Thelma and Louise�, the background is full of romantic sunsets with rich warm colors of the rough terrain. The desert also allows for much more open space. L.A. is portrayed quite differently, with its crowded and busy space. These spaces are important for setting the moods of the two films.

Sisterhood, Outlaw Status and Sexuality

Sisterhood and loyalty are established and maintained in similar ways in both films. Out of desperation, the main protagonists commit illegal acts thus establishing the need for a loyalty and trust. The friends in both films are connected by a common injustice- a lack of power and mistreatment in a white patriarchal society. The women in both films have a deep understanding of each other because they are all part of a working class. The “Set it Off� main characters connect through a shared minority status and are similarly mistreated because of it. Race doesn’t play much of a role in “Thelma and Louise�.

The outlaw status is justified in both films in similar ways. In “Set it Off� Frankie explains, “We’re just taking away from a system that’s fucking us all anyways.� Both films establish the injustices early on. In “Set It Off� Frankie is unfairly fired and in “Thelma and Louise� Thelma is mistreated by her husband and almost raped by another man. The bank robbery in “Set it Off� is justified due to the unfair wages the women are paid and their mistreatment by the justice system. Gender plays a large role in “Thelma and Louise�. The film is more of a patriarchal critique than “Set it Off� because only male characters screw the women over. In “Set it Off� the women are screwed by both men and women.

Sexuality in the two films are treated in a very different way. It plays a big role in “Thelma and Louise�. Thelma’s sexuality and sexual encounters hurt her and advance the narrative. For example, she’s raped by one man and later robbed by another, which triggers much of the future events in story. The sexuality in “Set it Off� serves as an unnecessary subplot that freezes the narrative.

Outlaw Status/Endings

One of the things that really got me thinking with both of these movies was the way that “outlaw status� was portrayed and justified. The tipping point in both movies seems to be an act that represents the oppression of patriarchy. In Thelma and Louise, this is Thelma’s attempted rape. In Set It Off, three out of the four women are victimized or trapped by the system in some way. For Titi, the loss of her son; for Frankie, losing her job; and for Stony; the death of her brother, which ultimately is the event that really sets things into motion. Interestingly, Cleo is the only one who doesn’t seem to need an external push to want to rob a bank. Springer pointed this out in “Waiting to Set it Off�: “Stony, Tisean, and Frankie were all abused by the judicial and law-enforcement systems. They see money as their way out of poverty and into middle-class respectability. Cleo, on the other hand, is never given a motive for her violence and therefore is depicted as a stereotypical “bulldagger� with violent tendencies.� (p. 187)

Both movies show the women becoming increasingly trapped and in over their heads, which also leads us to sympathize with them. The way this downward spiral begins differs, however, which could be interpreted as a racial issue. Thelma and Louise begin their journey rather innocently- it is meant to be a temporary escape. The women in Set it Off start things off with a pre-planned bank robbery, which is obviously far more violent and intentional. (Their situation is definitely more desperate from the beginning as well)

The films have huge similarities in terms of the endings, the most notable being the fact that all the women choose death over surrender. There were a few profound differences, though. The death of Thelma and Louise is almost romanticized- they make the decision together, grasp hands, and instead of showing the crash they are frozen in mid-air, as if flying. It almost gives a sense of being set free. The deaths in Set it Off are violent and occur individually. I didn’t get any sense of being set free from the pain and oppression, just three tragic deaths. Stony’s survival is the one positive part of this ending, although I felt like this was a superficial way to stamp on a happy(er) conclusion. To me it almost sends the message, “It’s too bad about those other ones but Stony was the one who deserved to live most.�

October 9, 2008

"Set If Off" vs "Thelma & Louise"

Stringer says, “Through character development, this scene establishes, who will live, and foreshadows who will die.� After reading Stringers article I feel like that statement works perfectly for these two movies. When comparing “Set It Off� and “Thelma and Louise� I think there is a difference in how violence is coded by gender and race. In “Set It Off� every crime that was committed seemed so violent with a lot of guns and killings. The violence committed by these African American were more violent with the gun shooting, and had more of a serious tone with the scenes within the movie than in “Thelma and Louise.� We also need to remember that this is taking place in the hood because these four ladies class is very different in Thelma and Louis’s. In “Thelma and Louise� I almost felt like everything was done in almost a comical point of view. Even though the rape scene was very moving, a lot of the later crimes had not such a serious tone and was laughable unlike the scenes in “Set It Off�.

Hooks says “Most of the black women I talked with were adamant that they never went to movies expectiong to see compelling representations of black femaleness. They were all acutely aware of cinematic racism-its violent eraure of black womanhood�(Hooks). It just makes you think if things would still be the same tone if characters and roles were switched around.

I think in both films, “Set It Off� and “Thelma and Louise� have the main idea and structure about how the sisterhood and loyalty of both groups in each movie is established. All the ladies sticking together through two movies that deals with the ongoing battle of the sexes, or rather, women's struggle against men in a patriarchal society. In “Set it Off� the four girls are close from the beginning and even though are all very different, stick together through all of the problems that accrue throughout the film. They all come from the same class and support each other while trying to grow and someday make it out of the hood. They decide to do so for different reasons, although all four want better for themselves and their families. In “Thelma and Louise� the women are two best friends that decide to take a trip to the mountains to escape from their troubled home lives and end up murdering someone because one of them got rapped and the “sisterhood� part comes into play and the other one shoots the man out of anger. In the end all of these women stick together even though some have lives that they could go home to and really want. But for the sake of their best friends, they all do what us said and are together till the end and let the law get the best of them.