As discussed in class, B.F. Skinner while working at the University of Minnesota discovered a concept called shaping. Shaping is a form of operant conditioning in which one reinforces behaviors that aren't target behavior but that are progressively closer versions of it. This is a common practice for animal training in dogs, horses, and even birds. These animals learn even more complex tricks through the process of chaining, in which the trainer links a number of interrelated behaviors to form a longer series. Each behavior becomes a cue for the next behavior in the chain.
Now, one would consider these methods and think them very possible for training dogs, horses, and other animals. But a fish? Yes, it is possible to train a fish, as demonstrated in this video...
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3JFmrlgWAk&NR=1&feature=endscreen
As for the first trick, of training a goldfish to swim up a "chimney," one would start this shaping process by rewarding the fish for going anywhere near the chimney, then only rewarding when it goes near the bottom, and then once again only if it starts going inside until finally you have your fish trained to go through the chimney for its prize. This makes one wonder at the possibilities. While man has trained dogs to do anything from leading the blind to sniffing out specific odors like bombs and corpses, there are many more possibilities that animals could be trained to help mankind further.

This is truly terrific. I especially appreciate the basketball and football stunts of the fish. I actually tried to teach my dog how to fetch and I did not really include this chaining method as I should have. I didn't want to reward my dog until he gave the ball back because I "knew" that he would understand that giving me the tennis ball would earn a reward. First, I used food to get him to come back but I would never give the food unless he came with the tennis ball. Then, I tried to have him come without receiving food but verbal praise instead. At this point he just stopped coming. This was frustrating because I didn't want to have to give him food every time he fetched a ball. I think this shows that my rewarding only a specific action and the continuous reinforcement schedule only hurt my dog's ability to fetch.