Benet-Martinez, V.; Leu, J; Lee, F.; Morris, M.W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism: Cultural frame switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33 (5).
Rather than a single-aspect construct, the authors conceptualize culture for bicultural persons as follows:
"Rather than an unmalleable characteristic, cultural meaning systems may be better conceived as a set of tools individuals have available to use in different situations according to their identity dynamics and situational relevance" (p. 512).