Chapter 16. Psychological & Biological Treatments

Chapter 16 covers many different sorts of ways in which Psychological disorders, diseases, and other afflictions are treated by both professionals and paraprofessionals.
It starts by describing Psychotherapy, who seeks such treatment, who benefits from it, and who practices it. Psychotherapy is a psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of his or her life.
The chapter discusses Psychodynamic therapies as well as psychoanalysis. It continues along its course, describing Humanistic therapies (therapies that emphasize the development of human potential and the belief that human nature is basically positive), Group therapies, Behavioral approaches, and Cognitive-Behavioral therapies, and the subsequent effectiveness of the listed therapies.
The text gives reason as to why Psychotherapy can be ineffective (such as spontaneous remission, the placebo effect, self serving biases, regression to the norm, and retrospective rewriting of the past).
Chapter 16 closes after a description of Biomedical Treatments (Medications, Electrical Stimulation, and Surgery). It touches on psychopharmacotherapy (the use of medications to treat psychological problems), electroconclusive therapy (in which patients receive brief electoral pulses to the brain that produce a s seizure to treat serious psychological problems), and psychosurgery (brain surgery to treat psychological problems).Pictured above is Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis.