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      <title>The Echinacea Project Field Log</title>
      <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/</link>
      <description>Investigating ecology and evolution in fragmented prairie habitat since 1995. This field log documents our research projects, observations, and experiences. For more information, visit  our website.</description>
      <language>en</language>
      <copyright>Copyright 2011</copyright>
      <lastBuildDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 09:51:47 -0600</lastBuildDate>
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         <title>Observations on Thursday</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>This two-part entry includes one observation about pollination that struck me odd.  I had a floral head (A) at Loeffler's corner and as Agopostamas texanus approached - it stopped - flew backwards and away - and visited others nearby (all Echinacea).  Did the presence of ants on the head - around the anthers have anything to do with the "I'll just come back later" actions of the bee?  Has anyone else observed a head NOT get visited even though it was ripe with pollen because of the presence of ants?<br />
My second half is simply noting that a calico cat and two large kittens were at the end of the common garden yesterday as I left about 4PM.  The mother slunk away and the gold/white kitten watched me while the other kitten mostly white/ some black was trying to consume a chipmunk!  Are these cats known to inhabit the area?<br />
</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2009/07/observations-on-thursday.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2009/07/observations-on-thursday.html</guid>
         <category>Miscellaneous Musings</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2009 09:51:47 -0600</pubDate>
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      <item>
	
         <title>Rachel&apos;s Species Survey List</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007%20Benson%20Agg%20Survey%20Sheets.xls">Download file</a></p>

<p>This is a link to a sample survey sheet that is used for my research. It includes a list of some of the most common plants found in the prairie fragments.</p>

<p>-Rachel</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/08/rachels-species-survey-list.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/08/rachels-species-survey-list.html</guid>
         <category>Miscellaneous Musings</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 01 Aug 2007 22:06:16 -0600</pubDate>
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	<enclosure url="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/larva-thumb.jpg" length="10984" type="image/jpeg" /><enclosure url="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/larva.avi" length="3670016" type="video/msvideo" /><enclosure url="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/larva.jpg" length="11377" type="image/jpeg" />
         <title>So You&apos;re Telling Me They&apos;re Not Bees?</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/larva.avi">Do You Know What Kind of Insect This Is?</a></p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/07/so-youre-telling-me-theyre-not-1.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/07/so-youre-telling-me-theyre-not-1.html</guid>
         <category>Stories from the Field</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 26 Jul 2007 20:06:00 -0600</pubDate>
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      <item>
	
         <title>Ants in my pants (and by in my pants, I mean on my mind)</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><br />
In general, the two main differences between '99 South and the main common garden (for damage assessment and herbivory) appears to be less damage in '99 South and more ants (and less ant diversity).</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/07/ants-in-my-pants-and-by-in-my.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/07/ants-in-my-pants-and-by-in-my.html</guid>
         <category>Flowering Phenology</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 06 Jul 2007 11:49:01 -0600</pubDate>
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      <item>
	
         <title>More data to collect tomorrow and reminders....</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Dearest floggers:</p>

<p>Well, it is 7am on my day off, but I can't stop thinking about science and the possibilities to learn more about how Echinacea fares in the rich community we have in the common garden.  Florid, yes, but I am pretty excited about possible data.  It is like gold.</p>

<p>Truly, there are tons of projects to do, but the trick is to find the ones that:</p>

<p> 1) Can be done in a timely manner, <br />
2) Are interesting and important in advancing our knowledge about Echinacea and prairie plants in general, <br />
3) Are educational for the students (and researchers!), <br />
4) Can be repeated well into the future of the CG or remnants, and <br />
5), Have a good chance of filling a gap in the literature so they can be published in good journals (this, of course, is related to #2). </p>

<p>This last point is not crucial in the moral sense, but crucial in the practical sense, as papers are the currency of our profession, as my advisor, <a href="http://entomology.ucdavis.edu/faculty/karban/index.html">Rick Karban</a>, once told me.</p>

<p>Anywho, as we do phenology every other day it occurred to me that we could also quantify the percentage of ray florets with herbivore damage at the same time.  Perhaps some genotypes accrue damage faster than others...I'm not sure if many researchers have looked at florivory over time in such detail.  There seems to be quite a bit of damage this year.  I did some 'quick and dirty' sampling last year, but did not have the plant IDs recorded, <b> DOH </b>, oh well, live and learn.</p>

<p>We also have to figure out how to measure <a href="http://www2.biology.ualberta.ca/palmer/asym/asymmetry.htm">fluctuating asymmetry (FA)</a> so that we have multiple measurements to account for measurement error.  Measurement error is important to quantify because the small deviations from symmetry that we may observe may smaller in magnitude than our error, but we can't know unless we have replicate measurments! One way to do it is to take several pictures of the same plant, perhaps by different people.  Or, you could have several people measure the same plant.  Also, I wonder if FA changes with phenology or with organ under consideration...</p>

<p>Stuart and I are going to try and run electrical cord from the granary to the CG so that we can run the videocameras for a good long time each day.  It is 120m from the granary to the SE corner of the garden, so this will take lots of cord to complete.  Since I know very little about electrical wiring, save that you shouldn't stick live wires into tubs of water, I will wait until Stuart gets some advice in Chicago before diving in.</p>

<p>BTW, I took video of the biggest plant in the CG yesterday and didn't see any pollinators in 90 minutes of filming, so perhaps an even longer interval would be better to get good, non-zero data.</p>

<p>Signing off until this afternoon.  I never knew I would like blogs, but they are useful, especially if people read them (hem hem)</p>

<p>Reminders:</p>

<p>We should measure style persistence as a measure of pollen limitation when we can (perhaps on Tuesday).  Also, damage to ray florets would be excellent to measure.  I wonder if damage to ray florets has greater indirect effects through reduced pollination than the direct damage to styles that we have seen?!  </p>

<p>;) Andy</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/more-data-to-collect-tomorrow.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/more-data-to-collect-tomorrow.html</guid>
         <category>Miscellaneous Musings</category>
         <pubDate>Sat, 23 Jun 2007 07:11:59 -0600</pubDate>
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      <item>
	
         <title>what time is it?</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>Hey, it's 7:47 in the morning in Minnesota. Notice the timestamp on the blog entry. How do we make the timestamp correct?</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/what-time-is-it.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/what-time-is-it.html</guid>
         <category>Miscellaneous Musings</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jun 2007 13:45:25 -0600</pubDate>
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      <item>
	
         <title>The Insect-Plant BLOG of Sweden....</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p>If y'all like nerdy blogs, check out this one, made by a guy named Johann in Sweden:</p>

<p>http://insect-plant.blogspot.com/</p>

<p>Well, we are off to bed in the men's condo, or the 'mando'.  I am excited to use the new shower caddy that Colin assembled earlier in the day.</p>

<p>I think Stuart's idea about measuring anther asymmetry is definitely do-able, especially if we can do some neat batch files to process the pictures automatically.  I think this technology exists, as one of Stuart's volunteers did something similar at the CBG.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/the-insectplant-blog-of-sweden.html</link>
         <guid>http://blog.lib.umn.edu/wage0005/echinacea/2007/06/the-insectplant-blog-of-sweden.html</guid>
         <category>Miscellaneous Musings</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jun 2007 05:43:39 -0600</pubDate>
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